Synthesis of BICAAC Supported Si(III) Radicals and a Silylone via Reduction Route From BICAAC-Si(IV) Precursors.

Past one decade has witnessed a tremendous growth in the field of carbene stabilized low-valent silicon compounds unravelling very exciting properties of these molecules. Herein, we have employed a bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene, (BICAAC) to explore the low-valent chemistry of silicon. The reduction of bicyclic (alkyl)(amino)carbene-SiCl complex, [(BICAAC)SiCl] (1) with KC afforded low-valent Si complexes, including Si(III) radical [(BICAAC)SiCl] (2) and a complex with silicon center in a formal zero-valent state, [(BICAAC)Si] (3).

Quantum Mechanical Assessment of Nitrosamine Potency.

Nitrosamines are in the cohort of concern (CoC) as determined by regulatory guidance. CoC compounds are considered highly potent carcinogens that need to be limited below the threshold of toxicological concern, 1.5 μg/day.

Isomerization of Functionalized Olefins by Using the Dinuclear Catalyst [Pd (μ-Br)(P Bu )] : A Mechanistic Study.

In a combined experimental and computational study, the isomerization activity of the dinuclear palladium(I) complex [Pd (μ-Br)(P Bu )] towards allyl arenes, esters, amides, ethers, and alcohols has been investigated. The calculated energy profiles for catalyst activation for two alternative dinuclear and mononuclear catalytic cycles, and for catalyst deactivation are in good agreement with the experimental results. Comparison of experimentally observed E/Z ratios at incomplete conversion with calculated kinetic selectivities revealed that a substantial amount of product must form via the dinuclear pathway, in which the isomerization is promoted cooperatively by two palladium centers.

Computational Investigation of Multifaceted Cationic Rearrangement and Stereo- and Regioselectivity in the Formation of Dysideanone's Analogues.

Mechanistic studies of regiodivergent arylations of cycloalkanols to furnish enantioenriched dysideanone's analogues are performed by employing density functional theory (DFT) calculations (B3LYP-D3(SMD)/6-311++G**//B3LYP-D3/6-31+G** level of theory). On the basis of our calculations, remote γ'-C-H arylation is preferred for unsubstituted carbinol , an outcome from combined factors like carbocationic stability, less steric hindrance during C-C coupling, and facile dearomatization. Meanwhile, in the presence of dimethyl substituent , regioselective γ-arylation is favored by 3.

B(CF)-catalyzed dehydrogenative cyclization of -tosylhydrazones and anilines a Lewis adduct: a combined experimental and computational investigation.

Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-catalyzed dehydrogenative-cyclization of -tosylhydrazones with aromatic amines has been disclosed. This metal-free catalytic protocol is compatible with a range of functional groups to provide both symmetrical and unsymmetrical 3,4,5-triaryl-1,2,4-triazoles. Mechanistic experiments and density functional theory (DFT) studies suggest an initial Lewis adduct formation of -tosylhydrazone with B(CF) followed by sequential intermolecular amination of the borane adduct with aniline, intramolecular cyclization and frustrated Lewis pair (FLP)-catalyzed dehydrogenation for the generation of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles.

Saturated N-Heterocyclic Carbene Based Thiele's Hydrocarbon with a Tetrafluorophenylene Linker.

The synthesis of a SIPr [1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-imidazolin-2-ylidene] derived Kekulé diradicaloid with a tetrafluorophenylene spacer (3) has been described. Two synthetic routes have been reported to access 3. The cleavage of C-F bond of C F by SIPr in the presence of BF led to double C-F activated compound with two tetrafluoro borate counter anions (2), which upon reduction by lithium metal afforded 3.

(PhC(NtBu)Al)(SiH) six-membered heterocycle: comparable in structure to cyclohexane.

A silicon-aluminum heterocycle LAl(SiH2SiH2)2AlL (L = PhC(NtBu)2) (1) was prepared. Compound 1 exhibits a unique (N2Al)2(SiH2)4 centrosymmetric six-membered ring structure with a chair conformation, which is comparable with that of cyclohexane. Furthermore, two intermediate analogues, silylene-alane adduct LSi(AlMe3)-Si(AlMe3)L (2) and silylene-alane oxidative product [LAlHSiH2Mes]2 (3) were obtained.

Donor Stabilized Diatomic Gr.14 E (E = C-Pb) Molecule D-E-D (D = NHC, aNHC, NHC, NHSi, NHGe, cAAC, cAASi, cAAGe): A Theoretical Insight.

Quantum chemical calculations have been carried out to explore the detailed electronic structure and bonding scenario in various bis-donor stabilized E compounds (E = C-Pb). Our computational findings reveal that the thermodynamic stabilities of the E core gradually decrease as we move down the group. A linear D-E-E'-D framework is observed for C systems, while the heavier group 14 analogues possess trans-bent geometries.

Computational Exploration of Mechanistic Avenues in C-H Activation Assisted Pd-Catalyzed Carbonylative Coupling.

The detailed mechanism of the intermolecular Pd-catalyzed carbonylative coupling reaction between aryl bromides and polyfluoroarenes relying on C(sp)-H activation was investigated using state-of-the-art computational methods (SMD-B3LYP-D3(BJ)/BS2//B3LYP-D3/BS1). The mechanism unveils the necessary and important roles of a slight excess of carbon monoxide: acting as a ligand in the active catalyst state, participating as a reactant in the carbonylation process, and accelerating the final reductive elimination event. Importantly, the desired carbonylative coupling route follows the rate-limiting C-H activation process via the concerted metalation-deprotonation pathway, which is slightly more feasible than the decarboxylative route leading to byproduct formation by 1.

Mechanistic Exploration of the Transmetalation and Reductive Elimination Events Involving Pd -Abnormal NHC Complexes in Suzuki-Miyaura Coupling Reactions: A DFT Study.

A comprehensive DFT (M06-L-D3(SMD)/BS2//M06-L/BS1 level) investigation has been carried out to explore in detail the mechanism of the transmetalation and reductive elimination reactions of abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene (aNHC) palladium(IV) complexes within the framework of Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions. Emphasis was placed on the role of base and the effect of countercations on the critical transmetalation and reductive elimination events involving palladium(IV) complexes. Of the two competing roles of the base, the route involving boronate formation followed by halide exchange prevails over that of direct halide exchange for the intermediates [Pd (aNHC)(OMe) Cl] Na (pathway A), [Pd (aNHC)(OMe)(Cl) ] Na (pathway B), and [Pd (aNHC)Cl ] Na (pathway C) emanating from the oxidative addition reaction.

DFT Study on C-F Bond Activation by Group 14 Dialkylamino Metalylenes: A Competition between Oxidative Additions versus Substitution Reactions.

The C-F bond activation of pentafluoropyridine (PFP) by group 14 dialkylamino metalylenes has been studied employing DFT calculations. Emphasis is placed on the group 14 central atom (M = Si, Ge, and Sn) and substituents (-NMe, -NPr, -Cl, -NH, and -PH) dependent switching of oxidative addition to the metathesis/substitution reaction route, using state-of-the-art theoretical methods (M062X/def2-QZVP(SMD)//M062X/def2-TZVP) to provide a systematic classification of the individual mode of reactions. Moreover, an energy decomposition analysis (EDA) is implemented to get a brief insight into the physical factors that control the activation barriers originating via the different mode of reactions, viz.

An unprecedented 1,4-diphospha-2,3-disila butadiene (-P[double bond, length as m-dash]Si-Si[double bond, length as m-dash]P-) derivative and a 1,3-diphospha-2-silaallyl anion, each stabilized by the amidinate ligand.

The first acyclic 4π-electron -P[double bond, length as m-dash]Si-Si[double bond, length as m-dash]P- motif with two four coordinate silicon substituents supported by the amidinate ligand and two coordinate phosphorus has been synthesized from the reaction of heteroleptic chlorosilylene LSiCl (1), TripPCl (Trip = 2,4,6-PrCH) and KC in a 1 : 1 : 3 ratio. The same reaction in a 1 : 2 : 6 ratio in the presence of one equivalent of 18-crown-6 ether affords the 1,3-diphospha-2-silaallyl anion.

Exploring the Oxidative-Addition Pathways of Phenyl Chloride in the Presence of Pd Abnormal N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: A DFT Study.

DFT calculations were performed to elucidate the oxidative addition mechanism of the dimeric palladium(II) abnormal N-heterocyclic carbene complex 2 in the presence of phenyl chloride and NaOMe base under the framework of a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction. Pre-catalyst 2 undergoes facile, NaOMe-assisted dissociation, which led to monomeric palladium(II) species 5, 6, and 7, each of them independently capable of initiating oxidative addition reactions with PhCl. Thereafter, three different mechanistic routes, path a, path b, and path c, which originate from the catalytic species 5, 7, and 6, were calculated at M06-L-D3(SMD)/LANL2TZ(f)(Pd)/6-311++G**//M06-L/LANL2DZ(Pd)/6-31+G* level of theory.

Addition Reactions of Me3 SiCN with Aldehydes Catalyzed by Aluminum Complexes Containing in their Coordination Sphere O, S, and N Ligands.

The reaction of one equivalent of LAlH2 (1; L=HC(CMeNAr)2 , Ar=2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 , β-diketiminate ligand) with two equivalents of 2-mercapto-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine hydrate resulted in LAl[(μ-S)(m-C4 N2 H)(CH2 )2 ]2 (2) in good yield. Similarly, when N-2-pyridylsalicylideneamine, N-(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)salicylaldimine, and ethyl 3-amino-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate were used as starting materials, the corresponding products LAl[(μ-O)(o-C6 H4 )CN(C5 NH4 )]2 (3), LAlH[(μ-O)(o-C4 H4 )CN(2,6-iPr2 C6 H3 )] (4), and LAl[(μ-NH)(o-C8 SH8 )(COOC2 H5 )]2 (5) were isolated. Compounds 2-5 were characterized by (1) H and (13) C NMR spectroscopy as well as by single-crystal X-ray structural analysis.