Hepatitis C Treatment in Persons Who Inject Drugs in a Medication Assisted Treatment Program: A Retrospective Review of an Integrated Model.

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common among persons who inject drugs (PWID), mostly due to needle sharing. The number of new cases in PWID are steadily increasing despite the availability of effective treatments. The objective of this model is to increase uptake and compliance with HCV treatment.

Review of COVID-19 Variants and COVID-19 Vaccine Efficacy: What the Clinician Should Know?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a beta coronavirus that belongs to the Coronaviridae family. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped spherical-shaped virus. The ribonucleic acid (RNA) is oriented in a 5'-3'direction which makes it a positive sense RNA virus, and the RNA can be read directly as a messenger RNA.

Review of COVID-19 Vaccines Approved in the United States of America for Emergency Use.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus causing a global pandemic. Coronaviruses are a large family of single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) viruses. The virus has four essential structural proteins which include the spike (S) glycoprotein, matrix (M) protein, nucleocapsid (N) protein and small envelope (E) protein.

A case series of vestibular symptoms in positive or suspected COVID-19 patients.

Respiratory symptoms are the most common presentation of an acute COVID-19 infection, but thromboembolic phenomena, encephalopathy and other neurological symptoms have been reported. With these case series, we present multiple presentations of COVID-19 induced vestibular symptoms namely dizziness, vertigo and nystagmus. The patients reported in this case series are from different parts of the world, belong to different age groups and had manifested these symptoms in different periods of the pandemic.

Pediatric Care Struggles of US Trained International Medical Graduate Pediatricians in COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Pediatrician shortage and healthcare access has been a serious issue especially in medically underserved and rural areas aplenty in the USA and has further worsened during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many US trained international medical graduates (IMGs) on a visa status serve these areas to fill in the physician gap. These physicians are usually on a visa and the majority of them have approved immigration petitions.

Primary Care Shortage in Medically Underserved and Health Provider Shortage Areas: Lessons from Delaware, USA.

Objective: To examine the reasons contributing to the physician shortage in the country's medically underserved areas using the state of Delaware as a focus state.

Method: A literature review regarding the shortage of physicians with data compilation from Delaware Department of Public Health (DPH) and Delaware Health and Social services (DHSS) was performed. A review of the "Conrad 30 J1 VISA waiver program," the most important and primary supplier of physicians to underserved areas of the state was performed.

Gender-Based Differences in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Rupture: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Annually, 5% of sudden deaths are due to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture. There is evidence suggesting that AAA ruptures have worse outcomes in females than males and the aneurysms rupture at a smaller size in females than in males. The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends a one-time ultrasound screening for males aged 65 - 75 years who ever smoked.

Prevalence of US-trained International Medical Graduates (IMG) physicians awaiting permanent residency: a quantitative analysis.

Background: International Medical Graduates (IMGs) contribute to about 23% of the physician workforce in the USA. Certain US-trained IMGs face long wait times for transitioning to a permanent resident status, which limits their ability to work to fullest capacity, especially during a public health emergency.

Objectives: To estimate the number of US-trained IMGs awaiting permanent residency.

A Comparative Analysis of Cardiovascular Risk in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Seropositive and -Seronegative Pre-Menopausal Women.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. HIV-positive pre-menopausal women lose the cardio-protective effect of estrogen and are at a higher risk for developing CAD. Our study intended to assess the cardiovascular risk in HIV-positive pre-menopausal women.

Compliance with USPSTF recommendations on aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular disease in men.

Objective: In 2009, United States Preventive Services Taskforce (USPSTF) recommends aspirin (ASA) for men aged 45-79 years when the benefit of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk reduction outweighs the harm of gastrointestinal haemorrhage. Our objective is to evaluate compliance with this USPSTF recommendation.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study and 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dataset was used for this study.

Health behavior and perceptions among African American women with metabolic syndrome.

Background: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of different risk factors (abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol) that predispose to the development of cardiovascular diseases. African American women (AAW) are easily predisposed to metabolic syndrome due to higher levels of insulin resistance. Various sociodemographic factors further contribute to higher prevalence.