Proteomic Analysis of Microsomal Proteins Reveals That MVP Is Crucial for the Secretion of GDF-15, Which in Turn Promotes the Neuroendocrine Differentiation of PCa Cells.

Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is an aggressive androgen-independent PCa (AIPC) that tends to resist treatment. Understanding its progression and resistance could improve survival outcomes. Previous studies on PCa cells highlighted microsomal proteins' role in PCa progression, but their role in the progression of NEPC remains unclear.

Integrative proteome analysis of bone marrow interstitial fluid and serum reveals candidate signature for acute myeloid leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive form of blood cancer and clinically highly heterogeneous characterized by the accumulation of clonally proliferative immature precursors of myeloid lineage leading to bone marrow failure. Although, the current diagnostic methods for AML consist of cytogenetic and molecular assessment, there is a need for new markers that can serve as useful candidates in diagnosis, prognosis and understanding the pathophysiology of the disease. This study involves the investigation of alterations in the bone marrow interstitial fluid and serum proteome of AML patients compared to controls using label-free quantitative proteomic approach.

The prowess of metabolomics in cancer research: current trends, challenges and future perspectives.

Cancer due to its heterogeneous nature and large prevalence has tremendous socioeconomic impacts on populations across the world. Therefore, it is crucial to discover effective panels of biomarkers for diagnosing cancer at an early stage. Cancer leads to alterations in cell growth and differentiation at the molecular level, some of which are very unique.

A single step and rapid protein extraction protocol developed for cell lines and tissues: Compatible for gel based and gel free proteomic approaches.

Proteins are crucial research molecules in modern biology. Almost every biological research area needs protein-based assays to answer the research questions. The study of the total protein content of a biological sample known as Proteomics, is one of the highly rated qualitative and quantitative approach to address numerous biological problems including clinical research.

The role of thioredoxin proteins in probed by proteome-wide target profiling.

encounters diverse microenvironments, including oxidative assault (ROS and RNS), when it attempts to establish itself within its human host. Therefore, redox sensory and regulation processes are assumed significant importance, as these are essential processes for to survive under these hostile conditions. contains thioredoxin system to maintain redox homeostasis, which establish a balance between the thiol/dithiol couple.

RanGTPase links nucleo-cytoplasmic transport to the recruitment of cargoes into small extracellular vesicles.

Small extracellular vesicle (sEV)-mediated intercellular communication regulates multiple aspects of growth and development in multicellular organisms. However, the mechanism underlying cargo recruitment into sEVs is currently unclear. We show that the key nucleo-cytoplasmic transport (NCT) protein-RanGTPase, in its GTP-bound form (RanGTP), is enriched in sEVs secreted by mammalian cells.

A comparison of two different analytical workflows to determine the venom proteome composition of Naja kaouthia from North-East India and immunological profiling of venom against commercial antivenoms.

The Indian monocled cobra (Naja kaouthia) is one of the most prevalent venomous snakes in northeast India (NEI) and is the cause of many fatalities. The composition of NEI N. kaouthia venom (NkV) was deciphered using two different proteomic approaches: (i) 1D SDS-PAGE coupled to label-free quantification of protein bands using stringent identification criteria and (ii) reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) followed by quantification based on area under the RP-HPLC peaks.

Tumor-associated macrophage derived IL-6 enriches cancer stem cell population and promotes breast tumor progression via Stat-3 pathway.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play crucial role in tumor progression, drug resistance and relapse in various cancers. CSC niche is comprised of various stromal cell types including Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Extrinsic ques derived from these cells help in maintenance of CSC phenotype.

Urinary Volatomic Expression Pattern: Paving the Way for Identification of Potential Candidate Biosignatures for Lung Cancer.

The urinary volatomic profiling of Indian cohorts composed of 28 lung cancer (LC) patients and 27 healthy subjects (control group, CTRL) was established using headspace solid phase microextraction technique combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry methodology as a powerful approach to identify urinary volatile organic metabolites (uVOMs) to discriminate among LC patients from CTRL. Overall, 147 VOMs of several chemistries were identified in the intervention groups-including naphthalene derivatives, phenols, and organosulphurs-augmented in the LC group. In contrast, benzene and terpenic derivatives were found to be more prevalent in the CTRL group.

Delineation of altered brain proteins associated with furious rabies virus infection in dogs by quantitative proteomics.

Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease caused by rabies virus (RABV). Despite the existence of control measures, dog-transmitted human rabies accounts for ˃95% reported cases due to unavailability of sensitive diagnostic methods, inadequate understanding of disease progression and absence of therapeutics. In addition, host factors and their role in RABV infection are poorly understood.

Damsel in distress calling on her knights: Illuminating the pioneering role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in guarding the genome integrity.

The maintenance of genomic integrity is of utmost importance for the organisms to survive and to accurately inherit traits to their progenies. Any kind of DNA damage either due to defect in DNA duplication and/ or uncontrolled cell division or intracellular insults or environment radiation can result in gene mutation, chromosomal aberration and ultimately genomic instability, which may cause several diseases including cancers. Therefore, cells have evolved machineries for the surveillance of genomic integrity.

Impact of stunning before slaughter on expression of skeletal muscles proteome in sheep.

The commercial production of halal and kosher meat and controversy surrounding the slaughter without stunning is rapidly growing across the globe. Huge global market for halal and kosher meat warrants conciliation of religious practices and animal welfare for the betterment of meat industry. In the present study, we investigated changes in muscle proteome of sheep () subjected to either electrical stunning and slaughtering or slaughter without any stunning (halal).

Co-operative binding of SKP1, Cullin1 and Cullin7 to FBXW8 results in Cullin1-SKP1-FBXW8-Cullin7 functional complex formation that monitors cellular function of β-TrCP1.

F-box protein FBXW8 is known to interact with scaffolding protein Cullin1 and Cullin7 to form SCF (SKP1, Cullin and F-box protein) complex. However, detail understanding about the importance of both Cullins for SCF-FBXW8 complex formation as well as its ubiquitin ligase activity remains elusive. Here, we show that, through in vitro and in vivo studies, Cullin1 and Cullin7 increase each other's binding to FBXW8 synergistically.

Redox homeostasis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis is modulated by a novel actinomycete-specific transcription factor.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) has evolved diverse cellular processes in response to the multiple stresses it encounters within the infected host. We explored available TnSeq datasets to identify transcription factors (TFs) that are essential for Mtb survival inside the host. The analysis identified a single TF, Rv1332 (AosR), conserved across actinomycetes with a so-far uncharacterized function.

FBXW8 regulates G1 and S phases of cell cycle progression by restricting β-TrCP1 function.

Sequential alteration in the expression levels of cell cycle regulatory proteins is crucial for faithful cell cycle progression to maintain the cellular homeostasis. F-box protein β-TrCP1 is known to control the expression levels of several important cell cycle regulatory proteins. However, how the function of β-TrCP1 is regulated in spatiotemporal manner during cell cycle progression remains elusive.

Proteomic Alterations in Multiple Myeloma: A Comprehensive Study Using Bone Marrow Interstitial Fluid and Serum Samples.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell-associated cancer and exists as the second most common hematological malignancy worldwide. Although researchers have been working on MM, a comprehensive quantitative Bone Marrow Interstitial Fluid (BMIF) and serum proteomic analysis from the same patients' samples is not yet reported. The present study involves the investigation of alterations in the BMIF and serum proteome of MM patients compared to controls using multipronged quantitative proteomic approaches .

Lipidomics investigations into the tissue phospholipidomic landscape of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast.

The need of identifying alternative therapeutic targets for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast with high specificity and sensitivity for effective therapeutic intervention is crucial for lowering the risk of fatality. Lipidomics has emerged as a key area for the discovery of potential candidates owing to its several shared pathways between cancer cell proliferation and survival. In the current study, we performed comparative phospholipidomic analysis of IDC, benign and control tissue samples of the breast to identify the significant lipid alterations associated with malignant transformation.

Unravelling the Potential of Salivary Volatile Metabolites in Oral Diseases. A Review.

Fostered by the advances in the instrumental and analytical fields, in recent years the analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has emerged as a new frontier in medical diagnostics. VOCs analysis is a non-invasive, rapid and inexpensive strategy with promising potential in clinical diagnostic procedures. Since cellular metabolism is altered by diseases, the resulting metabolic effects on VOCs may serve as biomarkers for any given pathophysiologic condition.

The development and clinical applications of proteomics: an Indian perspective.

Introduction: Proteomic research has been extensively used to identify potential biomarkers or targets for various diseases. Advances in mass spectrometry along with data analytics have led proteomics to become a powerful tool for exploring the critical molecular players associated with diseases, thereby, playing a significant role in the development of proteomic applications for the clinic.

Areas Covered: This review presents recent advances in the development and clinical applications of proteomics in India toward understanding various diseases including cancer, metabolic diseases, and reproductive diseases.

Application of mass spectrometry based proteomics to understand diabetes: A special focus on interactomics.

Diabetes, a multifactorial disorder is characterized by elevated blood glucose levels resulting from changes in lifestyle, genetic and epigenetic changes or aberrations in proteome. In addition, alterations in post-translational modifications (PTMs) and protein-protein interactions (PPIs) also contribute to the development of diabetes pathogenesis. Recent advances in omics technologies have broadened the perspective for systematic investigation of proteome alterations in understanding the pathogenesis of diabetes.

Proteomics and functional study reveal marginal zone B and B1 cell specific protein as a candidate marker of multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell‑associated cancer and accounts for 13% of all hematological malignancies, worldwide. MM still remains an incurable plasma cell malignancy with a poor prognosis due to a lack of suitable markers. Therefore, discovering novel markers and targets for diagnosis and therapeutics of MM is essential.

Extracellular volatilomic alterations induced by hypoxia in breast cancer cells.

Introduction: The metabolic shift induced by hypoxia in cancer cells has not been explored at volatilomic level so far. The volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) constitute an important part of the metabolome and their investigation could provide us crucial aspects of hypoxia driven metabolic reconfiguration in cancer cells.

Objective: To identify the altered volatilomic response induced by hypoxia in metastatic/aggressive breast cancer (BC) cells.

Serum metabolomic alterations in multiple myeloma revealed by targeted and untargeted metabolomics approaches: a pilot study.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most prevalent hematological malignancy characterized by rapid proliferation of plasma cells, which leads to overproduction of antibodies. MM affects around 15% of all hemato-oncology cases across the world. The present study involves identification of metabolomic alterations in the serum of an MM cohort compared to healthy controls using both LC-MRM/MS based targeted and GC-MS based untargeted approaches.

XPO1 is a critical player for bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma: A quantitative proteomic approach.

Among the blood cancers, 13% mortality is caused by Multiple myeloma (MM) type of hematological malignancy. In spite of therapeutic advances in chemotherapy treatment, still MM remains an incurable disease is mainly due to emergence of chemoresistance. At present time, FDA approved bortezomib is the first line drug for MM treatment.