Role of oregano on bacterial enzymes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis.

Colon cancer incidence is higher in developed countries than in developing countries. We determined the effect of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) on fecal bacterial enzyme activities in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis in rats.

Dose-dependent effect of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced rat colon carcinogenesis.

Colon cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed and developing countries. Diet and dietary constituents play a major role in the aetiology of colon cancer. We have investigated the effect of an aqueous extract of oregano (Origanum vulgare.

Purification and characterization of myosins from human and rabbit skeletal muscles by using specific monoclonal antibodies.

By using immunoaffinity column chromatography slow (I) and fast (IIA, IIB) myosins were isolated from human (vastus lateralis) and rabbit (tibialis anterior, psoas and conoidal bundle) skeletal muscles. The peptide pattern revealed that slow (I) and fast (IIA, IIB) myosin heavy chains are quite distinct, as are those from pure slow (conoidal bundle) and fast (psoas) rabbit skeletal muscles. Unlike Billeter et al.

Myosin isoenzymes in human hypertrophic hearts. Shift in atrial myosin heavy chains and in ventricular myosin light chains.

The myosin light chain complement and proteolytic peptide patterns of myosin heavy chains were studied by two-dimensional and one-dimensional electrophoretic techniques respectively, in a total of 57 samples from ventricular and atrial tissues of normal and hypertrophied human hearts. Hypertrophies were classified haemodynamically as due to pressure-overload and volume-overload. In addition to the occurrence of ventricular light chains in hypertrophied atria we also observed the atrial light chain-1 (ALC-1) in hypertrophied ventricular tissues.

Changes of myosin and its ATPase in "neuronally" and "mechanically" contralateral muscles after cross-reinnervation in normal and capsaicin-treated rats.

The extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle was cross-reinnervated by the soleus (SOL) nerve in normal and neonatally capsaicin-treated rats. After 5 months the muscles were investigated for their myofibrillar ATPase reaction and their myosin light and heavy chain composition. Besides the well known transformation of the cross-reinnervated EDL toward a slow muscle, muscular changes were also found in the contralateral leg.

6-phosphogluconolactonase. Purification, properties and activities in various tissues.

6-Phosphogluconolactonase was purified to apparent homogeneity in a four-step procedure from bovine erythrocytes. The extent of purification and the kinetic properties of the enzyme were evaluated with an optical test that was based on the hydrolysis of synthetic 6-phosphogluconolactone. The active enzyme from bovine erythrocytes is a monomer with an approximate molecular weight of 30000.

Ipsi- and contralateral fibre transformations by cross-reinnervation. A principle of symmetry.

Cross-reinnervation of rabbit soleus muscle by the peroneal nerve induces a 90% transformation of slow into fast fibres. These changes are reflected in corresponding transformations of the enzyme activity pattern of energy metabolism, the isozyme pattern of lactate dehydrogenase and, in confirmation of previous results (Srihari et al. 1981), transitions from a slow to a fast type myosin light chain pattern.

Changes of myosin and its ATPase in experimentally induced fiber transformation in the rat.

It has been reported that a reversible muscle fiber transformation was effected within a short time in the sternohyoid muscle of the rat by the removal of the contralateral muscle. In the present investigation the muscles were analyzed histochemically and biochemically. The fiber transformation was easily detected histochemically by the appearance of slow type I fibers, as this fiber type is almost lacking in control muscles.

Enzyme activities, histochemistry and myosin light chain pattern in extraocular muscles of rabbit.

A study was performed on enzyme activities, myosin light chain pattern and histochemical composition of extraocular muscles (EOM) of rabbit. The results were compared with those from slow-twitch soleus and fast-twitch psoas limb muscles. EOM were found to contain myosin light chains of both slow and fast skeletal muscles, with the latter being predominant.

Isoforms of heavy and light chains of cardiac myosins from rat and rabbit.

The light chains of myosin from atrial and ventricular tissues from rat and rabbit were examined by one- and two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The myosin heavy chains were electrophoretically isolated, digested after denaturation in sodium dodecyl sulfate with papain and proteinase from S. aureus V8, and the resulting peptides resolved in one-dimensional gel electrophoresis.

The effect of different patterns of long-term stimulation on contractile properties and myosin light chains in rabbit fast muscles.

Fast rabbit skeletal muscles (tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus) were stimulated for 2-28 days by electrodes implanted in the vicinity of the peroneal nerve to produce maximal contractions at two different frequency patterns: that occurring naturally in nerves to slow muscles (10 Hz continuously) or three bursts of tetani (40 Hz) per minute, each 5s in duration. Both types of frequency produced muscles more resistant to fatigue during isometric twitch contractions, and led to a prolongation of contraction time greater and more consistent with 10 Hz than with 40 Hz. The twitch/tetanus ration was significantly higher in muscles stimulated at 10 Hz for 3-4 weeks but was not different from controls in muscles stimulated at 40 Hz.

Electrophoretic analyses of atrial and ventricular cardiac myosins from foetal and adult rabbits.

1. Rabbit cardiac myosins from atrium and ventricle were found to differ in their native form in pyrophosphate gel electrophoresis as well as in their light chain pattern in one- and two-dimensional electrophoretic systems. 2.

Ipsi-and contralateral changes in rabbit soleus myosins by cross-reinnervation.

Cross reinnervation of soleus muscle in the adult rabbit induces changes in myosin light chain and isomyosin patterns. The transformation of the light chain pattern consists of a decrease in LC1's and LC2, and an induction of the three fast type myosin light chains. The transition in the isomyosin pattern consists of a decrease of the slow type isomyosin SM and an induction of fast type isomyosins FM1, FM2, and FM3 normally seen in fast-twitch rabbit muscle.

Electrophoretic analyses of myofibrillar proteins from the body wall muscles of Ascaris suum.

A myofibrillar protein extract has been isolated from the muscle of Ascaris suum. Two-dimensional electrophoresis of this extract revealed that the myosin light chain 1 (ALC1) migrates as 3 components with approximate isoelectric points in the range of 5.3-5.

EFFECTS OF NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS ON THE DIFFERENTIATION OF NERVE-MUSCLE CONNECTIONS IN SLOW AND FAST CHICK MUSCLES.

The effects of neuromuscular blocking drugs on the development of slow and fast muscle fibres and their neuromuscular junctions was studied in chick embryos. Treatment of embryos with the depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent suxamethonium affected the development of muscle fibres of the slow anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) muscle more than that of muscle fibres of the posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD). The differentiation of the presynaptic elements of the neuromuscular junction was delayed and this was particularly obvious in PLD.

The role of muscle activity in the differentiation of neuromuscular junctions in slow and fast chick muscles.

The differentiation of neuromuscular junctions of multiply innervated, slow anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) and focally innervated, fast, posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) muscles was studied in normal and curarized chick embryos. At 16 days of incubation, fibres of both muscles are contacted by several axon profiles, the number of which falls with age. In 18-day-old embryos individual endplates in ALD are usually contacted by three axon profiles, whereas in PLD, endplates are contacted only by a single large terminal profile.

Differentiation of slow and fast muscles in chickens.

1. The development of the characteristic histochemical appearance of the slow anterior latissimus dorsi (ALD) and fast posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) was studied in chickens during embryonic development as well as during regeneration of minced muscle. 2.