Ocular Syphilis - Clinical Features and Outcome in HIV Positive and HIV Negative Patients from a Tertiary Eye Center from India - A Comparative Study.

Purpose: To study and compare the clinical characteristics and outcome of ocular syphilis between HIV positive and HIV negative patients.

Methods: Retrospective hospital-based case series from a tertiary eye care hospital in India. Patients with uveitis and positive syphilis serology were included.

Clinical Profile and Ocular Morbidities in Patients with Both Diabetic Retinopathy and Uveitis.

Purpose: To describe the clinical profile and complications of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and uveitis in patients with coexisting conditions and to derive associations based on site of primary inflammation, stage of DR, and complications of each.

Design: Single-center, cross-sectional observational study.

Participants: Sixty-six patients with coexisting DR and uveitis.

Role of eccentric viewing training with microperimeter for low vision rehabilitation in multifocal choroiditis: Case report.

A 21-year-old student with healed multifocal choroiditis involving the macula presented with difficulty in seeing distance and reading her college books. Based on microperimetr'y, the location of her preferred retinal locus and the position of new trained retinal locus (TRL) were identified. With multiple sessions of biofeedback training, her mean retinal sensitivity improved from 4.

Demystifying Ocular Syphilis - A Major Review.

Syphilis, caused by the spirochaete, Treponema pallidum, continues to be a public health challenge globally with its rates steadily increasing in the past few years. The disease is transmitted through small breaks in the skin during sexual contact, or via congenital transmission in utero, either across the placenta or by contact with an active genital lesion during delivery. Estimated 5.

Differential Expression of miRNA-192 is a Potential Biomarker for HIV Associated Immune Recovery Uveitis.

Purpose: Notwithstanding well-established clinical features of Immune Recovery Uveitis (IRU), specific diagnostic tools to identify at-risk patients are lacking. Identification of biomarkers for IRU prediction can allow high-risk patients to benefit from specific preventive strategies, development of therapies, and elucidate immune reconstitution associated pathogenesis.

Methods: HIV+ patients were classified into four groups (A, B, C and D) with and without ocular manifestations, with follow-up over a year.

Clinical Profile of Scleritis Presenting for the First Time in the Elderly.

Purpose: To analyze clinical characteristics of scleritis in elderly patients and also compare the data with relatively younger patients with scleritis (<60 years).

Method: Retrospective analysis of medical records of patients with scleritis who visited a tertiary eye care centre between 2008 and 2018.

Result: Scleritis in ≥60 years accounted for 3% of the total scleritis cases.

Choroidal neovascularization in 111 eyes of children and adolescents.

Purpose: To describe the clinical features, management, and outcomes of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in children less than 18 years of age.

Methods: This was a retrospective, case control study of 111 eyes of 96 patients. CNV was clinically diagnosed in all patients.

Utility of Treponemal Testing from Aqueous Fluid in the Diagnosis of Ocular Syphilis in Patients with HIV/AIDS.

Purpose: Ocular syphilis is re-emerging globally especially in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Atypical manifestations of ocular syphilis and/or other associated opportunistic infections often lead to a diagnostic dilemma. We evaluated the utility of aqueous humor (AH) hemagglutination assay (TPHA) titers in the diagnosis of ocular syphilis.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on uveitis patients receiving immunomodulatory and biological therapies (COPE STUDY).

Purpose: To evaluate the change in the ongoing immunomodulatory (IMT) and biological therapies among patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU), and determine the number of uveitis relapses during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: In this national multicentric prospective case series, data of subjects with NIU receiving corticosteroids, systemic IMT and/or biological agents were analysed. The data collection was performed from 1 March 2020 to 25 June 2020.

Efavirenz-Associated Retinal Toxicity Presenting with Night Vision Defects in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Ocular lesions in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are commonly due to underlying opportunistic infections. With highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), infectious lesions have reduced and noninfectious ocular manifestations including drug-related side effects have been noted. While retinal toxicity has been noted with few other HAART drugs, there are not many on the same with Efavirenz usage.

Clinical profile of patients with anterior nodular scleritis in India.

Purpose: To report the clinical profile of a series of anterior nodular scleritis in Indian population.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of 140 eyes of 123 consecutive patients with nodular scleritis who presented to a tertiary eye care institute between 2007 and 2018.

Results: The mean age at presentation was 46.

Ocular syphilis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Purpose: Re-emergent ocular syphilis in patients with Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection has both diagnostic and management difficulties because of the overlapping risk factors. The clinical manifestations described in non-HIV may not be the same in patients with HIV coinfection. Immune recovery uveitis (IRU) may also alter the course of the disease causing recurrences.

Human immunodeficiency virus and intraocular inflammation in the era of highly active anti retroviral therapy - An update.

Intraocular inflammation in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is commonly due to infectious uveitis. Ocular lesions due to opportunistic infections (OI) are the most common and have been described extensively in the pre highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era. Many eye lesions were classified as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining illnesses.

Ocular Surface Disorders in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection.

: To describe ocular surface disorders associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). : Narrative review. : Ocular surface neoplastic conditions, such as Kaposi's sarcoma, conjunctival lymphoma and ocular squamous cell carcinoma along with blepharitis, dry eye disease, and vernal keratoconjunctivitis, constitute ocular surface complications in HIV-infected individuals.

Cataract Surgery in the Setting of Scleritis.

: To report the clinical profile of cataract and its surgical management in a scleritis cohort from India.: We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of 39 eyes of 32 consecutive patients with scleritis who underwent cataract surgery in a tertiary eye care institute.: The mean age at presentation was 50.

Pediatric Sympathetic Ophthalmia: 20 Years of Data From a Tertiary Eye Center in India.

Purpose: To examine the clinical profile of sympathetic ophthalmia among the pediatric age group.

Methods: Retrospective review of patients 18 years and younger with sympathetic ophthalmia seen in a tertiary eye care center between 1997 and 2017.

Results: Of 20 patients included in the study, 70% were male.

Clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of Efavirenz-induced macular toxicity.

Efavirenz (EFV), a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, is commonly used to treat HIV-infected individuals. We report a case of painless, progressive and bilateral blurring of vision in an HIV-positive 54-year-old lady within months of treatment with anti-retro viral therapy including Efavirenz. On presentation, her visual acuity was 6/18; N24 and 6/9; N10 in both eyes with mottling of the retinal pigment epithelial at the macula with corresponding scotomas on HVF 30-2 and loss of ellipsoid layer on spectral domain optical coherence topography (OCT).

The Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS) Consensus (CON) Group Meeting Proceedings.

An international, expert led consensus initiative was set up by the Collaborative Ocular Tuberculosis Study (COTS) group to develop systematic, evidence, and experience-based recommendations for the treatment of ocular TB using a modified Delphi technique process. In the first round of Delphi, the group identified clinical scenarios pertinent to ocular TB based on five clinical phenotypes (anterior uveitis, intermediate uveitis, choroiditis, retinal vasculitis, and panuveitis). Using an interactive online questionnaires, guided by background knowledge from published literature, 486 consensus statements for initiating ATT were generated and deliberated amongst 81 global uveitis experts.

Paradoxical reactions in ocular tuberculosis.

Paradoxical reactions following initiation of anti-tubercular therapy have been documented most often in extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A combination of factors such as delayed hypersensitivity, decreased suppressor mechanisms, and an increased response to mycobacterial antigens mediated by the host's immune system have been implicated in the development of these reactions. Similar worsening in patients with ocular tuberculosis while on treatment has been described.