Sickle cell disease in Indian tribal population: Findings of a multi-centre Indian SCD registry.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) registries provide crucial real-world data on demographics, epidemiology, healthcare, patient outcomes, and treatment efficacy. This paper presents findings from the Indian SCD Registry (ISCDR) on clinical manifestations, crisis episodes, disease management, and healthcare utilization in patients with SCD from 12 primary health centres (PHCs) in six tribal districts of India.

Methods: The ISCDR was introduced along with a three-tier screening process.

Acceptance of bite presentations and feeding behaviors of 8 to 12-month-old infants: A reflection of typical feeding development.

Purpose: The lack of age-appropriate expectations for feeding acceptance patterns in early childhood is a barrier to early and accurate identification of pediatric feeding disorder (PFD). The objective of the study was to describe the process by which typically developing children 8-12 months of age accept or refuse bite presentations and their corresponding feeding behaviors, aiming to establish age-appropriate normative data for feeding acceptance.

Method: Using cross-sectional methodology, we studied the proportion of bite presentations accepted, the type of feeding behaviors-passive, disruptive, expulsion, feeding concerns- observed at presentation and acceptance or refusal, and the duration between presentation to acceptance or refusal in 63 healthy infants between 8 and 12 months of age.

Strengthening Health System and Community Mobilization for Sickle Cell Disease Screening and Management among Tribal Populations in India: An Interventional Study.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects 5% of the global population, with over 300,000 infants born yearly. In India, 73% of those with the sickle hemoglobin gene belong to indigenous tribes in remote regions lacking proper healthcare. Despite the prevalence of SCD, India lacked state-led public health programs until recently, leaving a gap in screening and comprehensive care.

Stigma of sickle cell disease among Indian tribal population: A multi-centric qualitative study.

Background: Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is the most prevalent hemoglobinopathy, impacting around 5% of the global population. The Indian tribal population, which has been a key focus of the Indian SCD program, can experience health-related stigma due to the multidimensional impact of the disease. This preliminary qualitative inquiry delves into the lived experiences of individuals and synthesizes domains to identify the sources of stigma.

A Consecutive Series Study of the Frequencies, Intensities, and Natural History of Symptoms Following COVID-19 Infection in Nepali Men.

Background: In Nepal, approximately one million individuals, two-thirds men, have tested positive for COVID-19. The recovery picture from this infection is undescribed.

Methods: At one major testing institution in Kathmandu, we attempted to contact men three-four months following documentation of a positive PCR Covid test.

Indian sickle cell disease registry for surveillance and patient management: Development and implementation.

In India, sickle cell disease (SCD) predominantly occurs in indigenous (tribal) people, who are about 104 million. However, screening and diagnosis seldom happen. This situation necessitates developing a comprehensive SCD care model, including a registry.

Sickle cell disease-related knowledge and perceptions of traditional healers in tribal communities in India: implications on sickle cell disease programme.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a progressively debilitating genetic disease, and India is the second most affected nation in the prevalence of births with SCD. This SCD prevalence is high among Indian indigenous tribal communities, whose healthcare is pluralistic. Traditional healers are an essential part of tribal pluralistic care.

Sickle cell disease treatment and management in India: a systematic review of interventional studies.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects approximately 5% of the world's population, and India has been the second highest country in the numbers of predicted SCD births. Despite the high burden in India, there is no state-led public health programme, and very few interventions dealing with the treatment and management of SCD are available. This review highlights the dearth of SCD-related interventions, and demonstrates that these interventions effectively improve patients' conditions and are feasible to implement in India.

Feasibility of population-based screening of sickle cell disease through the primary health care system in tribal areas of India.

Objective: To describe the development and implementation of a population-based screening programme for sickle cell disease (SCD) implemented in 12 SCD-endemic and tribal-dominated primary/community health centres (PHCs/CHCs) across six districts of India.

Setting: India reports a huge burden of SCD, especially among indigenous (tribal) communities. However, there is no state-led SCD programme in many places, and systematic screening is absent.

Peripheral health workers' knowledge and experience related to sickle cell disease: an in-depth interview study in six tribal-dominated districts of India.

This study reports the extent of sickle cell disease (SCD)-related knowledge and management practices of peripheral health workers located in tribal areas of India. This formative qualitative study used a grounded theory approach and collected data through in-depth interviews. It was implemented in six districts endemic to SCD.

A cross sectional study on psychological impact of covid19 on post graduate doctors and Compulsory Rotatory Residential interns in COVID isolation ward of a tertiary care centre, Madurai.

Background: COVID-19 pandemic causes major impact on economic, physical, mental well-being of people all over the world. Doctors are working in stressful, unprepared, limited resource setting, and they are under the continuous threat of getting infection. Managing mental health of these warriors is great importance.

A Comprehensive in Silico Analysis for Identification of Immunotherapeutic Epitopes of HPV-18.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) remains the major cause of cervical cancer, globally. High risk HPV (Hr-HPV) 16 and 18 together account for more than 70% of cervical cancer cases, whereas the hr-HPV-18 is the second most prevalent hr-HPV type, causing about 5.2% of all cancers worldwide.

A cross-sectional study on COVID19 mortality among people below 30 years of age in Tamilnadu-2020.

Introduction: The COVID19 pandemic has turned out to be one of the public health* burdens in 2020. The fear of deaths due to COVID19 has surmounted even in developed countries and hasn't spared young age. This study aims in assessing the mortality due to COVID19 among patients below 30years of age in TamilNadu.

Inadequate community knowledge about sickle cell disease among the Indian tribal population: a formative assessment in a multicentric intervention study.

Background: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a serious public health problem, with >300 000 affected births worldwide each year. About 73% of the SCD-affected people in India belong to the tribal population. The Government of India is planning to implement a programme for SCD and hence people's knowledge of SCD is crucial.

Improving the Capacity of Health System and Community for Sickle Cell Disease Screening and Management Among Tribal Population in India: Protocol of an Intervention Study.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is one of the major public health problems in the world. In India, the burden of SCD is comparatively high in socio-economically disadvantaged tribal communities. Though efficacious interventions are available to manage SCD, they are not reaching to these communities and no comprehensive programme is in place in the health care system.

Potential applications of peptide nucleic acid in biomedical domain.

Peptide Nucleic Acid (PNA) are DNA/RNA synthetic analogs with 2-([2-aminoethyl] amino) acetic acid backbone. They partake unique antisense and antigene properties, just due to its inhibitory effect on transcription and translation; they also undergo complementary binding to RNA/DNA with high affinity and specificity. Hence, to date, many methods utilizing PNA for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases namely cancer, AIDS, human papillomavirus, and so on, have been designed and developed.

Oral Mucosal Organoids as a Potential Platform for Personalized Cancer Therapy.

Previous studies have described that tumor organoids can capture the diversity of defined human carcinoma types. Here, we describe conditions for long-term culture of human mucosal organoids. Using this protocol, a panel of 31 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC)-derived organoid lines was established.

Cloning, characterization and transmission blocking potential of midgut carboxypeptidase A in Anopheles stephensi.

Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBV) interrupt malaria parasite transmission and hence form an important component for malaria eradication. Mosquito midgut exopeptidases such as aminopeptidase N & carboxypeptidase B have demonstrated TBV potential. In the present study, we cloned and characterized carboxypeptidase A (CPA) from the midgut of an important malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi.

Cryptochromes Interact Directly with PIFs to Control Plant Growth in Limiting Blue Light.

Sun-loving plants have the ability to detect and avoid shading through sensing of both blue and red light wavelengths. Higher plant cryptochromes (CRYs) control how plants modulate growth in response to changes in blue light. For growth under a canopy, where blue light is diminished, CRY1 and CRY2 perceive this change and respond by directly contacting two bHLH transcription factors, PIF4 and PIF5.

The kinase ABL phosphorylates the microprocessor subunit DGCR8 to stimulate primary microRNA processing in response to DNA damage.

The DNA damage response network stimulates microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis to coordinate repair, cell cycle checkpoints, and apoptosis. The multistep process of miRNA biogenesis involves the cleavage of primary miRNAs by the microprocessor complex composed of the ribonuclease Drosha and the RNA binding protein DGCR8. We found that the tyrosine kinase ABL phosphorylated DGCR8, a modification that was required for the induction of a subset of miRNAs after DNA damage.

Early exposure of 17α-ethynylestradiol and diethylstilbestrol induces morphological changes and alters ovarian steroidogenic pathway enzyme gene expression in catfish, Clarias gariepinus.

Environmental estrogens are major cause of endocrine disruption in vertebrates, including aquatic organisms. Teleosts are valuable and popular models for studying the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the environment. In the present study, we investigated the changes caused by exposure to the synthetic estrogens 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2 ) and diethylstilbesterol (DES) during early stages of growth and sex differentiation of air-breathing catfish, Clarias gariepinus, at the morphological, histological, and molecular levels.