Expression of anti - Apoptotic survivin in odontogenic keratocyst, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor and ameloblastoma.

Background: The process of odontogenesis is complex involving epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, along with the molecular signalling pathways triggering the initiating process. The triggering factors and cells precisely involved in the pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors are unknown. There is a vast array of biomarkers used to stain different sites, thereby helpful in diagnosing and evaluating the prognosis of these cysts and tumors.

Assessment of the quality of randomized controlled trials in surgery using Jadad score: Where do we stand?

Introduction: Quality assessment of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is important to prevent clinical application of erroneous results.

Materials And Methods: This was an assessment of published RCTs in surgical subspecialties during 2011-2018 based on MEDLINE and EMBASE search. The primary objective of the present study was to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze the RCTs published from India based on year of publication, geographical distribution, and subspecialty using the modified Jadad score (high quality if score is ≥3; or ≥2 if blinded design was not feasible).

Serial estimation of serum C-reactive protein and procalcitonin for early detection of anastomotic leak after elective intestinal surgeries: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Anastomotic leak can adversely affect the outcome of surgery especially if detected late. The present study was carried out to detect the anastomotic leak early in the postoperative period using serial estimation of procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP).

Material And Methods: A single centre prospective cohort study was done on patients undergoing elective gastrointestinal surgery with anastomosis.

Expression of stem cell marker cytokeratin 19 in reduced enamel epithelium, dentigerous cyst and unicystic ameloblastoma - A comparative analysis.

Background: The process of odontogenesis is complex involving epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, along with the molecular signaling pathways triggering the initiating process. The triggering factors and cells precisely involved in the pathogenesis of odontogenic cysts and tumors are unknown. There is a vast array of biomarkers used to stain different sites, thereby helpful in diagnosing and evaluating the prognosis of these cysts and tumors.

A Comparative Study of Fine-Needle Aspiration and Nonaspiration Cytology Diagnosis in Thyroid Lesions.

Background: Aspiration cytology is one of the first-line diagnostic tests in thyroid malignancies. Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in thyroid lesions causes hemorrhagic smear and cell trauma, often leading to the repetition of smear and delay in diagnosis. This study was conducted to identify the diagnostically superior technique with regard to thyroid swelling and to assess the quality of smears obtained from FNAC and fine-needle nonaspiration cytology (FNNAC).

Restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategy in upper gastrointestinal bleeding: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: The study aimed at comparing restrictive and liberal transfusion strategy in reducing mortality in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB).

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, open-label, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial conducted over two years. Patients presenting with UGIB were randomized into restrictive (hemoglobin (Hb) <7 g/dl) or liberal (Hb <8 g/dl) transfusion strategy groups.

Efficacy of single layered intestinal anastomosis over double layered intestinal anastomosis-an open labelled, randomized controlled trial.

Aims & Objectives: The hand-sewn method of bowel anastomosis is the most common because of its affordability, familiarity and easy availability of materials. It can be done in single or double layers, with different surgeons preferring one technique over the other. Double layer intestinal anastomosis (DLIA) is time-consuming, challenging to perform, and carries possibly a higher risk of devascularisation, infection, and necrosis.

Early versus conventional stoma closure following bowel surgery: A randomized controlled trial.

Background/aim: To compare early stoma closure with conventional stoma closure following defunctioning diversion stoma surgery with respect to the frequency of complications, health-related quality of life (QoL), and length of hospitalization (LoH).

Patients And Methods: This study was designed as a prospective parallel-arm randomized controlled trial. Patients who underwent temporary stoma following bowel surgery between February 2014 and November 2015 were included.

Hybrid Therapy versus Sequential Therapy for Eradication of : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To compare the sequential therapy (ST) with the hybrid therapy (HT) for the eradication of .

Materials And Methods: Patients with peptic ulcer disease and gastritis found to be positive were randomized to HT group who received omeprazole (20 mg bid) and amoxicillin (1 g bid) for 7 days followed by omeprazole (20 mg bid), amoxicillin (1 g bid), clarithromycin (500 mg bid), and metronidazole (400 mg tid) for the next 7 days and ST group who received omeprazole and amoxicillin for 5 days followed by omeprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole for the next 5 days. Eradication rate, compliance, and complications were compared.

Gender determination using barr bodies from teeth exposed to high temperatures.

Context: Gender determination forms a prime step in the forensic identification process. Teeth form a very important identification aid in forensic studies because they are protected by oral tissues and dental pulp is further protected by the mineralized constituents of the teeth. This allows the conservation and sustainable production of dental pulp to help sex determination in circumstances where other tissues cannot be analyzed like victims when exposed to high temperatures during fire accidents, explosions, and other mass disasters.

Efficacy of Specific Plant Products on Microorganisms Causing Dental Caries.

Introduction: Dental caries and periodontal diseases are the most common oral diseases seen globally, both in developed and developing countries. Oral microorganisms that is gram positive and gram negative bacteria are known to be involved in causation of these diseases. Nowadays commercially available dentrifices and mouth rinses are known to contain ingredients that can alter the oral microbial flora and have undesirable side effects such as vomiting, diarrhoea, disarrangement of oral, intestinal flora and tooth staining.

Assessment of Abdominal Muscle's Maximal Force of Contraction Using Surface EMG in Inguinal Hernia Patients.

Introduction: Reduction in abdominal muscle's strength has been implicated in the development of inguinal hernia. Patients with inguinal hernia on one side are shown to be at higher risk of developing inguinal hernia on the other side.

Aim: To assess the abdominal muscle strength in inguinal hernia subjects using surface Electromyography (EMG) and compare it with healthy controls.

Analysis of lipid profile in cancer patients, smokers, and nonsmokers.

Background: Lipids play an important role in maintaining the cell membrane integrity. Lipid profile is a panel of blood tests that serve as an initial medical screening for abnormalities in lipids and approximate risk for cancer, cardiovascular diseases, pancreatitis, etc., The present study evaluates the alterations in lipid profile in cancer patients, smokers, and nonsmokers and aims to achieve a correlation between them.

Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors, lentigines, and café-au-lait macules associated with germline c-kit mutation treated with imatinib.

Background: Familial lentiginosis syndromes are characterized by a wide array of manifestations resulting from activation of molecular pathways which control growth, proliferation, and differentiation of a broad range of tissues. Familial gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are often accompanied by additional features like hyperpigmentation, mastocytosis, and dysphagia. They have been described with mutations in c-kit (most commonly), platelet-derived growth factor receptor A, neurofibromatosis-1, and succinate dehydrogenase genes.

Sequential versus concomitant therapy for eradication of Helicobacter Pylori in patients with perforated duodenal ulcer: A randomized trial.

Objectives: Comparison of Helicobacter pylori eradication rates, side effects, compliance, cost, and ulcer recurrence of sequential therapy (ST) with that of concomitant therapy (CT) in patients with perforated duodenal ulcer following simple omental patch closure.

Methods: Sixty-eight patients with perforated duodenal ulcer treated with simple closure and found to be H. pylori positive on three months follow-up were randomized to receive either ST or CT for H.

Palliation of Dysphagia in Carcinoma Esophagus.

Esophageal carcinoma has a special place in gastrointestinal carcinomas because it contains two main types, namely, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Carcinoma esophagus patients require some form of palliation because of locally advanced stage or distant metastasis, where it cannot be subjected to curable treatment with surgery and chemoradiation. Many modalities of palliation of dysphagia are available, but the procedure with least morbidity, mortality, and long-term palliation of dysphagia needs to be chosen for the patient.

Salivary alkaline phosphatase levels speak about association of smoking, diabetes and potentially malignant diseases???

Background: Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a hydrolase intracellular enzyme participating in the metabolic processes of cells. Rise in salivary ALP (S-ALP) levels reflects inflammation and destruction of healthy tissues suggesting it as a clinical biomarker. S-ALP is used in analyzing the severity of the disease occurrence in smokers and nonsmokers who are diabetic and nondiabetic.

Role of preprocedural rinse and high volume evacuator in reducing bacterial contamination in bioaerosols.

Context: Microbial contamination, which occurs during dental procedures, has been a potential threat to dental professionals and individuals. There has been a growing concern over the role of bioaerosols in spread of various airborne infections and also to reduce the risk of bioaerosol contamination.

Aims: This study was to analyze the number of colony forming units (CFUs) in bioaerosols generated during ultrasonic scaling procedure as well as to evaluate the efficacy of chlorhexidine 0.

Transit fixatives: an innovative study.

Background: Universally accepted fixative is 10% formalin which has been used for preserving the tissues and their architecture. In certain conditions, formalin might not be readily available for immediate fixation. We here by explore more economical, eco-friendly and easily available solutions that can be used as transit media/ transporting media for tissue specimens.

Rhinomaxillary mucormycosis with palatal perforation: a case report.

Mucormycosis are a group of invasive infections caused by filamentous fungi of the Mucoraceae family. Mucormycosis is essentially limited to immunocompromised patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus, hematologic malignancy, organ transplant, chemotherapy, chronic renal insufficiency, malnutrition, deferoxamine therapy and severe burns. The fungi invade arteries leading to thrombosis that subsequently causes necrosis of hard and soft tissues.

Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma in Buccal Vestibule -Case Report.

Lymphomas are malignant neoplasms arising from lymphocytes B cell or T cell that affects mainly lymph nodes, spleen and other non hematopoietic tissues. They are classified as Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBL) is the most common variant of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and frequently involves extranodal sites.

Axial Torsion of Gangrenous Meckel's Diverticulum Causing Small Bowel Obstruction.

Meckel's diverticulum (MD) is a commonly encountered congenital anomaly of the small intestine. We report an extremely unusual case of an axially torted, gangrenous MD presenting as acute intestinal obstruction. A 26-year-old male patient presented to our emergency department with 3 days history of abdominal pain, distention and bilious vomiting.

Ameloblastic Fibro-odontome (AFO) of the Mandible: A Case Report.

Odontoameloblastoma are tumours which represent a histological combination of ameloblastoma and complex odontoma. It behaves in an invasive manner like Ameloblastoma and is more aggressive in nature. We report a new case of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma (AFO).