A comprehensive modelling approach to estimate the transmissibility of coronavirus and its variants from infected subjects in indoor environments.

A central issue in assessing the airborne risk of COVID-19 infections in indoor spaces pertains to linking the viral load in infected subjects to the lung deposition probability in exposed individuals through comprehensive aerosol dynamics modelling. In this paper, we achieve this by combining aerosol processes (evaporation, dispersion, settling, lung deposition) with a novel double Poisson model to estimate the probability that at least one carrier particle containing at least one virion will be deposited in the lungs and infect a susceptible individual. Multiple emission scenarios are considered.

Chemical characterization of PM and PM combusted firecracker particles during Diwali of Lucknow City, India: air-quality deterioration and health implications.

Urban air pollution is a growing menace leading to human discomfort, increased hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality. This study deals with deteriorated air quality due to firecracker bursting during Diwali in Lucknow. Inhalable particulates and gaseous pollutants were monitored during Diwali 2020 using air samplers.

Possible role of nicotine and cotinine on nitroxidative stress and antioxidant content in saliva of smokeless tobacco consumers.

The aim of the study is to levels of nicotine and cotinine were elevated the oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA) and inflammation as nitric oxide (NO and NO) may possibly be associated with decreased antioxidant enzyme activities and can sensitively indicate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). To evaluate the quantitative analysis of nicotine and cotinine levels and the alterations in the selected parameters of antioxidant metabolisms during nitroxidative stress in the saliva of smokeless tobacco consumers. Saliva nicotine and cotinine was measured by HPLC method and nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes were estimated by spectrophotometric methods.

Ventilation dependence of concentration metrics of Ultra-fine Particles in a coagulating household smoke.

Role of Ultra-fine Particles (UFPs) in causing adverse health effects among large population across the world, attributable to household smoke, is being increasingly recognized. However, there is very little theoretical perspective available on the complex behavior of the UFP metrics with respect to controlling factors, such as ventilation rate and particle emission rate from the combustion sources. This numerical study examines through coagulation dynamics, the dependence of UFP metrics, viz.

Cu(II) and Mn(II) complexes containing macroacyclic ligand: synthesis, DNA binding, and cleavage studies.

The two new metal complexes of Cu(II) and Mn(II) containing macroacyclic ligand of the type [Cu(hpn)](PF(6))(2) (1) and [Mn(hpn)](PF(6))(2) (2) [where hpn = [1-{[2-{[2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylidine]amino}phenyl)imino]methyl}naphthalene-2-ol]] have been synthesized and characterized by employing analytical and spectral methods. The DNA binding properties of the complexes with calf thymus-DNA were studied by using absorption spectra and viscosity measurements, as well as thermal denaturation experiments. The absorption spectra indicated that the complexes intercalate tightly between the base pairs of the DNA with intrinsic DNA binding constants of 1.

Synthesis, DNA binding, and oxidative cleavage studies of Fe(II) and Co(III) complexes containing bioactive ligands.

The two complexes containing bioactive ligands of the type and [Fe(L)] (PF(6))(2) (1) (where L = [1-{[2-{[2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylidine]amino}phenyl)imino] methyl}naphthalene-2-ol]) and [Co(L(1)L(2))] (PF(6))(3) (2) (where L(1)L(2) = mixed ligand of 2-seleno-4-methylquinoline and 1,10-phenanthroline in the ratio 1:2, respectively) were synthesized and structurally characterized. The DNA binding property of the complexes with calf thymus DNA has been investigated using absorption spectra, viscosity measurements, and thermal denaturation experiments. Intrinsic binding constant K(b) has been estimated at room temperature.

Desvenlafaxine succinate monohydrate.

The title compound {systematic name: [2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]dimethylammonium 3-carboxypropanoate monohydrate}, C(16)H(26)NO(2)(+) x C(4)H(5)O(4)(-) x H(2)O, is a succinate salt of O-desmethylvenlafaxine (desvenlafaxine). The present structure is one of four reported polymorphs of this salt, which is a new antidepressant drug. The carboxyl group of the succinate anion adopts a rare anti conformation and is engaged in a very short O-H.

(3S,4R)-4-(4-Fluoro-phen-yl)-3-(hydroxy-meth-yl)piperidinium chloride.

The title compound, C(12)H(17)FNO(+)·Cl(-), is a degradation impurity of paroxetine hydro-chloride hemihydrate (PAXIL), an anti-depressant belonging to the group of drugs called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Similar to the paroxetine hydro-chloride salt with protonation having taken place on the basic piperidine ring, the degradation impurity also exists as the hydro-chloride salt. The cyclic six-membered piperidinium ring adopts a chair conformation with the hydroxy-methyl and 4-fluoro-phenyl groups in the equatorial positions.

A remarkable accelerating effect of Ag-salt on intramolecular cyclization of o-(1-alkynyl)benzenesulfonamides.

Herein, we report transition metal-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of o-(1-alkynyl)benzenesulfonamides to afford 3-substituted benzothiazines regioselectively via a C-N bond forming reaction and Cu-catalyzed sequential C-N and C-C bond formation leading to the corresponding 3,4-disubstituted derivatives.

Supramolecular synthon polymorphism in 2 : 1 co-crystal of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine.

Co-crystals of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2,3,5,6-tetramethylpyrazine (2 : 1) exhibit the first supramolecular synthon polymorphism in a co-crystal; metastable anti-hierarchic polymorph I converts to stable hierarchic form II.

Tandem C-C coupling--intramolecular acetylenic Schmidt reaction under Pd/C-Cu catalysis.

A new one-pot reaction for the regioselective construction of a six-membered fused N-heterocyclic ring leading to isoquinolones under Pd/C-Cu catalysis is described.

Photosynthetic acclimation to elevated CO2 in relation to Rubisco gene expression in three C3 species.

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. var. DL 1266-5), sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.