Efficacy of supplemental oxygen in reducing the need for laser or intravitreal bevacizumab in preterm infants with stage 2 retinopathy of prematurity.

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease that affects preterm infants born younger than 30 weeks of gestation. The pathophysiology of ROP involves an initial vaso-obliterative phase followed by vaso-proliferative phase that leads to disease progression. The use of supplemental oxygen during the vaso-proliferative phase of ROP has been associated with reduced disease progression, but how this impacts the need for ROP treatment is unclear.

Isolated Optic Neuritis: Etiology, Characteristics, and Outcomes in a US Mountain West Cohort.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune optic neuritis (ON) has improved with the accessibility and reliability of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody testing, yet autoantibody-negative ON remains common. This study describes the demographic, clinical, and outcome data in patients with isolated ON across the pediatric and adult cohort.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of University of Utah Health patients with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) code of ICD-9 377.

Interdisciplinary Protocol for the Management of Vision-Threatening Papilledema.

Background: This study evaluates the effectiveness of a multidisciplinary protocol for management of patients with papilledema and vision loss secondary to increased intracranial pressure.

Methods: Retrospective record review of all adult patients who presented with vision-threatening papilledema (VTPE) and were treated under this protocol. Patients are admitted for lumbar drain placement and diuretics and followed daily to determine if they may be managed medically or require surgery (optic nerve sheath fenestration [ONSF] and/or cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] shunting).

Ophthalmology Residency Virtual Interviews in the Setting of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives of Applicants, Selection Committee Members, and Current Residents.

 In the setting of the COVID-19 pandemic, residency programs implemented videoconferencing "virtual" interviews for the 2020 to 2021 match cycle. There is limited published information on virtual ophthalmology residency interviews.  The study aimed (1) to assess applicant, selection committee member, and resident opinions of technical quality, communication quality, and ability to assess applicant or program "fit" during virtual interviews; (2) to determine which interview format-in-person or virtual-each party would prefer in the future; and (3) to survey which residency resources applicants found helpful.

Multiple Cranial Neuropathies and Pachymeningitis in a Patient With a Pathogenic Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain 2 Polymorphism.

An 11-year-old boy presented with 2 weeks of intermittent headache, right orbital pain, and constant diplopia. Brain MRI showed dural thickening and enhancement of the right lateral cavernous sinus, right orbital apex, and tentorium. Initial cerebral spinal fluid analysis showed only mild pleocytosis, and serum diagnostics were unrevealing.

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Eyelid Can Locally Recur and Mimic Basal Cell Carcinoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the eyelid is a very rare tumor, and only 11 cases have been previously reported in the literature. Here the authors report the 12th case of eyelid ACC that was initially diagnosed as adenoid basal cell carcinoma. This is the first report of local recurrence after wide local excision using the Mohs technique.

Treatment of Refractory Cystoid Macular Edema with Pegylated Interferon Alfa-2A: A Retrospective Chart Review.

: To determine the efficacy of pegylated interferon alfa-2A in the treatment of refractory inflammatory cystoid macular edema (CME): Retrospective chart review: Treatment with pegylated interferon alfa-2A led to an improvement in CME in all eyes of seven included patients, with a mean decrease in CMT from 478 µm to 310 µm ( < .05). The vision in one patient did not improve due to preexisting retinal atrophy.

Association of Anti-VEGF Injections with Progression of Geographic Atrophy.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness in developed countries in people over the age of 60 years. One of the forms of advanced AMD is wet AMD. Wet AMD is a result of leakage and bleeding from abnormal neovascularization.

Combination Therapy of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy and Meibomian Gland Expression (IPL/MGX) Can Improve Dry Eye Symptoms and Meibomian Gland Function in Patients With Refractory Dry Eye: A Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose: To assess the improvement in meibomian gland function and dry eye symptoms in patients with refractory dry eye treated with a combination therapy of intense pulsed light (IPL) and meibomian gland expression (MGX).

Methods: Medical records of 81 consecutive patients with dry eye treated with serial IPL/MGX were retrospectively examined to determine the outcome. All patients had a minimum of 6 months of follow-up after the first IPL/MGX treatment.

Chronic pain in Noonan Syndrome: A previously unreported but common symptom.

Noonan syndrome (NS) is a multiple malformation syndrome characterized by pulmonic stenosis, cardiomyopathy, short stature, lymphatic dysplasia, craniofacial anomalies, cryptorchidism, clotting disorders, and learning disabilities. Eight genes in the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway are implicated in NS. Chronic pain is an uncommon feature.

Reliability of real-time video smartphone for assessing National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores in acute stroke patients.

Background And Purpose: Telestroke reduces acute stroke care disparities between urban stroke centers and rural hospitals. Current technologies used to conduct remote patient assessments have high start-up costs, yet they cannot consistently establish quality timely connections. Smartphones can be used for high-quality video teleconferencing.