Publications by authors named "Spyridon Papageorgiou"
Background: Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis is often managed with orthodontic space closure and canine substitution. Anatomic gingival margin heights associated with the maxillary anterior teeth are considered important for achieving aesthetic excellence with space closure, but evidence relating to the perceptions of lay people is poor.
Objectives: This study investigated the influence of gingival margin height variation in the maxillary anterior teeth following orthodontic space closure and canine substitution in the absence of maxillary lateral incisor teeth on perceived aesthetics judged by a lay population.
Background: Several appliances or treatment protocols are marketed to either patients or orthodontists as being associated with improved orthodontic outcomes. However, clinical decision-making should be based on robust scientific evidence and not marketing claims or anecdotal evidence.
Objective: To identify appliances/protocols being associated with improved outcomes of fixed appliance treatment.
Palatal impaction of the maxillary canine is commonly considered as a genetic condition, while the lateral incisor root has been suggested to guide maxillary permanent canine eruption. This review assessed whether agenesis of the maxillary lateral incisor is associated with eruption disturbances of the maxillary canine (displacement or impaction). Unrestricted searches in six databases for observational case-control human studies until May 2024 assessing eruption disturbances of the permanent maxillary canine in conjunction with permanent maxillary lateral incisor agenesis were performed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlastic aligners have transformed orthodontics, offering a discreet, comfortable, and aesthetically pleasing alternative to traditional fixed appliances. While they have advantages over fixed appliances, they come with environmental and health concerns due to the use of nonbiodegradable plastics, such as the leaching of Bisphenol-A (BPA) and microplastics that can impact human health directly through ingestion. Studies have shown that plastic aligners release microplastics during use, raising concerns about their potential health effects and environmental pollution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRationale: Obstructive lung disease (OLD) pathogenesis includes inhalational (e.g., smoking) and non-inhalational mechanisms (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Extraction of permanent first molars in children is sometimes necessary due to severe decay or developmental issues, prompting the study on spontaneous space closure afterward.
- The study analyzed 15 human investigations, involving over 1,100 patients aged 5.5 to 15 years, to assess the closing of spaces left by the extracted molars and factors influencing this closure.
- Results indicated that space closure is significantly more common in the upper jaw (maxilla) than in the lower jaw (mandible), with younger patients (ages 8-10) and specific dental development stages influencing the likelihood of spontaneous closure.
Introduction: Metallic and elastomeric ligatures are widely used in orthodontics to secure the archwire within the bracket slots, but elastomeric ligatures have traditionally been associated with increased microbial colonization, which could adversely affect periodontal health.
Aim: This systematic review compares the periodontal effects of elastomeric and steel ligatures used for orthodontic fixed appliances.
Methods: Unrestricted literature search of 7 databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Virtual Health Library) up to July 2023 were performed for randomized / non-randomized clinical studies on humans comparing the two ligation methods during fixed-appliance therapy.
Background: The aim of the present study was to investigate qualitatively and quantitatively the elution of substances from polyester-urethane (Invisalign™) aligners and resin composite attachments (Tetric EvoFlow) in vivo.
Methods: Patients (n = 11) treated with the aligners and attachments (16 per patient, without other composite restorations) for an average of 20 months, who were planned for attachment removed were enrolled in the study. Patients were instructed to rinse with 50 mL of distilled water upon entry and the rinsing solution was collected (before removal).
Background: Craniofacial skeletal discrepancies have been associated with upper airway dimensions.
Objective: To identify differences in upper airway volume across different sagittal and vertical skeletal patterns.
Search Methods: Unrestricted literature searches in eight databases/registers for human studies until May 2023.
Article Synopsis
- The study compares the effects of two orthodontic appliances, Activator and Bionator, on children with Class II malocclusion during two-phase treatment.
- 89 patients aged around 10 years were analyzed for skeletal and dentoalveolar changes using lateral cephalograms and linear regression.
- Results indicated that the Bionator had less impact on certain angles compared to the Activator, but ultimately both appliances produced similar overall effects, with Bionator leading to more vertical growth.
Objective: The curve of Spee is deemed important characteristic of the dentition for a balanced occlusion and distribution of masticatory forces, while orthodontic levelling of an accentuated curve of Spee is generally included as a treatment goal for deepbite correction. However, relapse is often seen and can be problematic.
Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study of predominantly young patients with a deep curve of Spee, who had been treated orthodontically with 0.
Objective: To test the hypothesis that PROMPT reduces permanent brachial plexus palsy and perineal tears.
Design: A prospective/retrospective cohort study. .
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess differences in the fundamental mechanical properties of resin-made three-dimensional (3D) printed orthodontic aligners according to the printing orientation.
Methods: Twenty resin 3D-printed dumbbell-shaped specimens and 20 orthodontic aligners were fabricated and postcured in nitrogen. Half of the specimens and aligners were built in horizontal (H), the other half in vertical (V) directions.
Introduction: This study aimed to discover the genetic and environmental factors that contribute to the mandibular development of untreated monozygotic and dizygotic twins.
Material And Methods: The sample, taken from the Forsyth Moorrees Twin Study, included 52 untreated monozygotic twins (36 male, 16 female) and 46 untreated dizygotic twins (23 male, 23 female). At the ages of 12 and 17, lateral cephalograms were collected and traced to assess total mandibular length, mandibular ramus length, mandibular corpus length, gonial angle, SNB, and bony chin prominence.
Objectives: Three-dimensional (3D)-printed aligners present a promising orthodontic treatment modality, whose clinical success largely depends on the material's mechanical properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanical properties of resin-made 3D-printed aligners and assess the effect of two different post-curing conditions.
Materials And Methods: Forty dumbbell-shaped specimens and 40 resin aligners were 3D-printed and divided into four equal groups according to post-curing conditions: presence or absence of oxygen during post-curing and water heat treatment at 85°C for 15 s or none.
This review covers aspects of orthodontic materials, appliance fabrication and bonding, crossing scientific fields and presenting recent advances in science and technology. Its purpose is to familiarize the reader with developments on these issues, indicate possible future applications of such pioneering approaches, and report the current status in orthodontics. The first section of this review covers shape-memory polymer wires, several misconceptions arising from the recent introduction of novel three-dimensional (3D)-printed aligners (mistakenly termed shape-memory polymers only because they present a certain degree of rebound capacity, as most non-stiff alloys or polymers do), frictionless surfaces enabling resistance-less sliding, self-healing materials for effective handling of fractured plastic/ceramic brackets, self-cleaning materials to minimize microbial attachment or plaque build-up on orthodontic appliances, elastomers with reduced force relaxation and extended stretching capacity to address the problem of inadequate force application during wire-engagement in the bracket slot, biomimetic (non-etching mediated) adhesive attachment to surfaces based on the model of the gecko and the mussel, and command-debond adhesives as options for an atraumatic debonding.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cervical headgear (cHG) has been shown to be effective in Class II correction both with dental and orthopaedic effects but has traditionally been associated with vertical adverse effects in terms of posterior mandibular rotation.
Objective: To assess the treatment effects of cHG treatment in the vertical dimension.
Search Methods: Unrestricted literature search of five databases up to May 2023.
Background: Maxillary incisor and canine teeth are commonly impacted and require multidisciplinary treatment to accommodate them in the dental arch.
Objectives: To assess the periodontal outcomes of impacted maxillary central incisor and canine teeth, which have been successfully aligned in the arch following surgical exposure and orthodontic traction with fixed appliance therapy.
Search Methods: Systematic literature searches without restrictions were undertaken in eight databases.
Purpose: Aim of the present study was to assess the relative distribution of occlusal forces after orthodontic treatment and during the first 3 months of the retention phase using a computerized occlusal analysis system (T-Scan, Tekscan Inc., Norwood, MA, USA).
Materials And Methods: A total of 52 patients were included in this prospective cohort study and underwent analysis of occlusal forces on the level of tooth, jaw-half, and -quadrant during a 3-month period.
Introduction Orthodontic service provision relies on good organisational systems for high standards of patient care and safety. Human factors (HFs) are non-technical skills associated with communication, leadership and teamwork, important for safe patient care. This investigation explored attitudes and understanding of HFs within orthodontic clinical training in the United Kingdom.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Orthodontic treatment involving premolar extractions might improve the angulation of lower third molars, which are the teeth most often impacted. This study analyzes the impact of first/second lower premolar extraction during orthodontic therapy on the angulation of mandibular third molars.
Methods: A total of 120 patients treated non-extraction (n = 40), with extraction of first (n = 40), or second lower premolars (n = 40) were included.
Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate changes in palatal shape after orthodontic treatment from a borderline sample of extraction and nonextraction patients with a Class I relationship.
Methods: A borderline sample regarding premolar extractions was obtained through discriminant analysis and comprised 30 nonextraction and 23 extraction patients. The digital dental casts of these patients were digitized with 3 curves and 239 landmarks placed on the hard palate.
Introduction: A failure of maxillary incisor eruption is commonly attributed to the presence of a supernumerary tooth. This systematic review aimed to assess the percentage of impacted maxillary incisors that successfully erupt after surgical removal of supernumerary teeth with or without other interventions.
Methods: Systematic literature searches without restrictions were undertaken in 8 databases for studies reporting any intervention aimed at facilitating incisor eruption, including surgical removal of the supernumerary alone or in conjunction with additional interventions published up to September 2022.
Objective: To assess the pain profile of patients in the levelling/alignment phase of orthodontic treatment, as reported from randomized clinical trials.
Materials And Methods: Five databases were searched in September 2022 for randomized clinical trials assessing pain during levelling/alignment with a visual analogue scale (VAS). After duplicate study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment, random effects meta-analyses of mean differences (MDs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were performed, followed by subgroup/meta-regression, and certainty analyses.