An international survey on retinopathy of prematurity practice patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic and lessons for future management.

Purpose: To assess retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) practice patterns during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: A survey on ROP practice patterns during the COVID-19 pandemic was sent to the American Academy of Ophthalmic Executives, the International Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Council members, and to various national societies on May 19, 2020. The survey closed on the 31st of June 2020.

Practice patterns to decrease myopia progression differ among paediatric ophthalmologists around the world.

Introduction: Myopia is a worldwide epidemic. Plethora of treatments are offered to decrease myopia progression. In this study, we compared between different geographical areas worldwide the practice patterns used by paediatric ophthalmologists to decrease the progression of myopia.

Evaluating New Ophthalmic Digital Devices for Safety and Effectiveness in the Context of Rapid Technological Development.

Importance: The US Food and Drug Administration's medical device regulatory pathway was initially conceived with hardware devices in mind. The emerging market for ophthalmic digital devices necessitates an evolution of this paradigm.

Objectives: To facilitate innovation in ophthalmic digital health with attention to safety and effectiveness.

Epigenetic and transcriptional profiling of triple negative breast cancer.

The human HCC1806 cell line is frequently used as a preclinical model for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Given that dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms are involved in cancer pathogenesis, emerging therapeutic strategies target chromatin regulators, such as histone deacetylases. A comprehensive understanding of the epigenome and transcription profiling in HCC1806 provides the framework for evaluating efficacy and molecular mechanisms of epigenetic therapies.

Correction to: Current trends among pediatric ophthalmologists to decrease myopia progression-an international perspective.

The published online version contains a mistake in the capturing of figures.

Current trends among pediatric ophthalmologists to decrease myopia progression-an international perspective.

Purpose: To explore what the current worldwide preferred practice patterns of pediatric ophthalmologists are to decrease myopia progression among their patients.

Methods: A questionnaire was sent to all members of supranational and national pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus societies.

Results: The questionnaire was fully completed by most respondents 90.

Immediate Postoperative Alignment Measurements as a Predictor of Alignment Stability in Fixed Suture Strabismus Surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of immediate postoperative alignment measurements as a predictor of future alignment stability in fixed suture strabismus surgery.

Methods: Forty-seven patients were prospectively evaluated after undergoing horizontal or vertical rectus muscle surgery using a fixed suture technique. Alignment measurements were taken approximately 1 hour, 1 to 3 weeks, and 2 to 3 months postoperatively.

Physical activity and activity space in patients with pulmonary fibrosis not prescribed supplemental oxygen.

Background: Patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF) have impaired quality of life, and research suggests that dyspnea and physical activity are primary drivers. As PF progresses, some patients notice the disease "shrinks their worlds". The objective of this study is to describe movement (both physical activity and activity space) in a cohort of patients with PF of various etiologies who have not been prescribed supplemental oxygen (O).

Tracking dyspnea up to supplemental oxygen prescription among patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Dyspnea is the hallmark symptom of pulmonary fibrosis. Supplemental oxygen (O) is prescribed to many patients with pulmonary fibrosis in hopes of alleviating dyspnea and improving physical functioning. We used response data from the University of California San Diego Shortness of Breath Questionnaire (UCSD) which was administered monthly in the context of a longitudinal, observational study to plot a rich trajectory for dyspnea over time in patients with pulmonary fibrosis.

Supradural inflammatory soup in awake and freely moving rats induces facial allodynia that is blocked by putative immune modulators.

Facial allodynia is a migraine symptom that is generally considered to represent a pivotal point in migraine progression. Treatment before development of facial allodynia tends to be more successful than treatment afterwards. As such, understanding the underlying mechanisms of facial allodynia may lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying migraine.

A pilot randomized clinical trial of intermittent occlusion therapy liquid crystal glasses versus traditional patching for treatment of moderate unilateral amblyopia.

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of intermittent occlusion therapy (IO therapy) using liquid crystal glasses and continuous occlusion therapy using traditional adhesive patches for treating amblyopia.

Methods: Children 3-8 years of age with previously untreated, moderate, unilateral amblyopia (visual acuity of 20/40 to 20/100 in the amblyopic eye) were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Amblyopia was associated with strabismus, anisometropia, or both.

Type 4 Duane syndrome.

Purpose: To identify cases of synergistic divergence whose characteristics suggest that this entity is a form of Duane syndrome.

Methods: The records of all patients with a Duane syndrome diagnosis, including standardized eye position photographs, from the E-Consultation program of Cybersight, Orbis International were analyzed.

Results: A total of 350 Duane syndrome cases were identified.

Vertical Muscle Transposition with Augmentation for Treatment of Exotropia Caused by Iatrogenic Lost Medial Rectus Muscle.

Purpose: To evaluate the results of vertical muscle transposition with augmentation in cases of exotropia caused by iatrogenic lost medial rectus muscle.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 5 cases of lost medial rectus with exotropia and marked limitation of adduction that underwent surgery. All cases had a history of strabismus surgery on the medial rectus and failed attempt at retrieval of the lost muscle.

Macular structural characteristics in children with Down syndrome.

Purpose: This prospective study aimed to investigate macular structural characteristics in children with Down syndrome compared to those in healthy children.

Methods: Two groups of children (aged 6-16 years) were enrolled: children with Down syndrome (Down syndrome group, N = 17) and age-matched healthy children who were full-term at birth (control group, N = 18). Eligible patients had visual acuity of 20/100 or better and gestational age at birth of ≥ 36 weeks.

Macular structural characteristics in children with congenital and developmental cataracts.

Purpose: To investigate macular structural characteristics in children with congenital or developmental cataracts.

Methods: Children 5-16 years of age with a history of surgery for congenital or acquired cataract were enrolled. Eligible patients had visual acuity of 20/400 or better and ≥37 weeks gestational age at birth.

Pulmonary function and survival in idiopathic vs secondary usual interstitial pneumonia.

Background: The usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern of lung injury may occur in the setting of connective tissue disease (CTD), but it is most commonly found in the absence of a known cause, in the clinical context of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Our objective was to observe and compare longitudinal changes in pulmonary function and survival between patients with biopsy-proven UIP found in the clinical context of either CTD or IPF.

Methods: We used longitudinal data analytic models to compare groups (IPF [n = 321] and CTD-UIP [n = 56]) on % predicted FVC (FVC %) or % predicted diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (Dlco %), and we used both unadjusted and multivariable techniques to compare survival between these groups.