A propensity score-matched comparison between single-stage and multistage anterior/posterior lumbar fusion surgery: a Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative study.

Objective: Patients undergoing anterior/posterior lumbar fusion surgery can undergo either a single-stage or multistage operation, depending on surgeon preference. The goal of this study was to assess different patient outcomes between single-stage and multistage lumbar fusion procedures in a multicenter setting.

Methods: The Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative database was queried for anterior/posterior lumbar fusion surgeries between July 2018 and January 2022.

Disparities in Buprenorphine Administration for Opioid use Disorder in the Emergency Department.

Study Objective: Although buprenorphine is an effective treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), this treatment is often not universally provided in the emergency department (ED). We aimed to determine whether patient characteristics, particularly race and ethnicity, were associated with buprenorphine administration.

Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of adult patients who had a positive screening result for opioid misuse in the ED at a single urban hospital.

The Expanding Role of United States Healthcare Chaplains in Clinical Ethics.

Healthcare chaplains in the United States increasingly report being tasked by their organizations to participate in the formal work of clinical ethics, by serving on ethics committees, performing clinical ethics consultations, or leading clinical ethics programs. This mapping study documents that professionally-trained chaplains possess a number of skills and attributes that enhance their capability for this work; however, they often lack certain knowledge specific to the discipline of clinical ethics that is needed for roles they are being asked to perform. The professional associations of both chaplaincy and clinical ethics are encouraged to address this educational gap for the benefit of both disciplines.

Infusion Reactions With Alternative Therapies During the National Shortage of Iron Dextran.

Prior to the national shortage of iron dextran in early 2023, it was the most commonly administered intravenous iron infusion at our institution. After the shortage impacted the health system, alternatives such as iron sucrose and sodium ferric gluconate/sucrose were required that utilized lower doses given at more frequent patient visits. Coinciding with their more prevalent use, an increase in iron infusion reactions was observed.

Longitudinal DNA methylation in parent-infant pairs impacted by intergenerational social adversity: An RCT of the Michigan Model of Infant Mental Health Home Visiting.

Introduction: Early childhood development is a strong predictor of long-term health outcomes, potentially mediated via epigenetics (DNA methylation). The aim of the current study was to examine how childhood experiences, punitive parenting, and an intergenerational psychotherapeutic intervention may impact DNA methylation in young children and their mothers.

Methods: Mothers and their infants/toddlers between 0 and 24 months were recruited at baseline (n = 146, 73 pairs) to participate in a randomized control trial evaluating the effectiveness of The Michigan Model of Infant Mental Health Home Visiting (IMH-HV) parent-infant psychotherapy compared to treatment as usual.

Differences in Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Patients With Cancer Six Months Before Death.

Purpose: Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) provide a direct report of the patient's perspective, complementary to clinician assessment. Currently, understanding the real-time changes in PROM scores near the end of life remains limited. This study evaluated differences in mean PROM scores between patients with cancer within 6 months before death compared with surviving patients with cancer.

Predicted genetic burden and frequency of phenotype-associated variants in the horse.

Disease-causing variants have been identified for less than 20% of suspected equine genetic diseases. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) allows rapid identification of rare disease causal variants. However, interpreting the clinical variant consequence is confounded by the number of predicted deleterious variants that healthy individuals carry (predicted genetic burden).

Risk factors of emergency department visits following elective cervical and lumbar surgical procedures: a multi-institution analysis from the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative.

Objective: Emergency department visits 90 days after elective spinal surgery are relatively common, with rates ranging from 9% to 29%. Emergency visits are very costly, so their reduction is of importance. This study's objective was to evaluate the reasons for emergency department visits and determine potentially modifiable risk factors.

Plural molecular and cellular mechanisms of pore domain encephalopathy.

variants in children with neurodevelopmental impairment are difficult to assess due to their heterogeneity and unclear pathogenic mechanisms. We describe a child with neonatal-onset epilepsy, developmental impairment of intermediate severity, and G256W heterozygosity. Analyzing prior KCNQ2 channel cryoelectron microscopy models revealed G256 as a node of an arch-shaped non-covalent bond network linking S5, the pore turret, and the ion path.

Morbidity Associated With Distal Tibial Autograft Harvest.

Distal tibial autograft harvesting has been studied in the past, but morbidity at the level of the donor site is unclear. The purpose of this retrospective review is to assess morbidity in distal tibial autograft harvesting associated with foot and ankle arthrodesis procedures. A retrospective analysis was performed utilizing patients treated in the last 13 years at a large, multicenter, academic, tertiary referral, research institution.

Cervical disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: an analysis of the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative Database.

Background Context: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) and cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) are established surgical options for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy, myelopathy, and cervical degenerative disc disease. However, current literature does not demonstrate a clear superiority between ACDF and CDA.

Purpose: To investigate procedural and patient-reported outcomes of ACDF and CDA among patients included in the Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MSSIC) database.

Risk factors for not reaching minimal clinically important difference at 90 days and 1 year after elective lumbar spine surgery: a cohort study.

Objective: Patient-perceived functional improvement is a core metric in lumbar surgery for degenerative disease. It is important to identify both modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors that can be evaluated and possibly optimized prior to elective surgery. This case-control study was designed to study risk factors for not achieving the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Function 4-item Short Form (PROMIS PF) score.

Independent age estimates resolve the controversy of ancient human footprints at White Sands.

Human footprints at White Sands National Park, New Mexico, USA, reportedly date to between ~23,000 and 21,000 years ago according to radiocarbon dating of seeds from the aquatic plant . These ages remain controversial because of potential old carbon reservoir effects that could compromise their accuracy. We present new calibrated C ages of terrestrial pollen collected from the same stratigraphic horizons as those of the seeds, along with optically stimulated luminescence ages of sediments from within the human footprint-bearing sequence, to evaluate the veracity of the seed ages.

KCNQ2/3 Gain-of-Function Variants and Cell Excitability: Differential Effects in CA1 versus L2/3 Pyramidal Neurons.

Gain-of-function (GOF) pathogenic variants in the potassium channels KCNQ2 and KCNQ3 lead to hyperexcitability disorders such as epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders. However, the underlying cellular mechanisms of how these variants impair forebrain function are unclear. Here, we show that the R201C variant in KCNQ2 has opposite effects on the excitability of two types of mouse pyramidal neurons of either sex, causing hyperexcitability in layer 2/3 (L2/3) pyramidal neurons and hypoexcitability in CA1 pyramidal neurons.

Confounding effects of snow cover on remotely sensed vegetation indices of evergreen and deciduous trees: An experimental study.

Located at northern latitudes and subject to large seasonal temperature fluctuations, boreal forests are sensitive to the changing climate, with evidence for both increasing and decreasing productivity, depending upon conditions. Optical remote sensing of vegetation indices based on spectral reflectance offers a means of monitoring vegetation photosynthetic activity and provides a powerful tool for observing how boreal forests respond to changing environmental conditions. Reflectance-based remotely sensed optical signals at northern latitude or high-altitude regions are readily confounded by snow coverage, hampering applications of satellite-based vegetation indices in tracking vegetation productivity at large scales.

Association of prolonged symptom duration with poor outcomes in lumbar spine surgery: a Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative study.

Objective: There is a scarcity of large multicenter data on how preoperative lumbar symptom duration relates to postoperative patient-reported outcomes (PROs). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of preoperative and baseline symptom duration on PROs at 90 days, 1 year, and 2 years after lumbar spine surgery.

Methods: The Michigan Spine Surgery Improvement Collaborative registry was queried for all lumbar spine operations between January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021, with a follow-up of 2 years.

The DIAMOND-KID: Psychometric Properties of a Structured Diagnostic Interview for Anxiety, Mood, and Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents.

The objective of the present study was to examine the reliability and validity of a new semi-structured interview for pediatric psychiatric disorders, which is needed as existing interviews do not cover the full range of anxiety, mood, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)-related disorders. Three hundred eleven child patients (aged 10-17) were administered the Diagnostic Interview for Anxiety, Mood, and OCD and Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders-Child and Adolescent Version (DIAMOND-KID). Of these, 65 provided interrater reliability data and 59 provided test-retest reliability data.

Social withdrawal in Parkinson's disease: A scoping review.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) can interfere with individuals' social functioning and lead to social withdrawal. Social withdrawal may result in negative outcomes for persons with PD and their caregivers, such as decreased quality of life. It is necessary to understand the nature of social withdrawal in PD in order to develop strategies to address this issue and prevent negative outcomes.

The pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata shows high resistance to warming when nitrate concentrations are low.

The resistance of hard corals to warming can be negatively affected by nitrate eutrophication, but related knowledge for soft corals is scarce. We thus investigated the ecophysiological response of the pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata to different levels of nitrate eutrophication (control = 0.6, medium = 6, high = 37 μM nitrate) in a laboratory experiment, with additional warming (27.

The Impact of Marital Status and Race in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

Objectives: To examine the difference in survival of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) based on marital status and race.

Methods: A single academic institution with data collection from 2005 to 2015. Patients with a diagnosis of OSA based on polysomnogram were abstracted from electronic medical records.

Hydroclimate response of spring ecosystems to a two-stage Younger Dryas event in western North America.

The Younger Dryas (YD) climate event is the preeminent example of abrupt climate change in the recent geologic past. Climate conditions during the YD were spatially complex, and high-resolution sediment cores in the North Atlantic, western Europe, and East Asia have revealed it unfolded in two distinct stages, including an initial stable climatic period between ~ 12.9 and 12.