Development and validation of the housing instability scale.

Despite increasing attention to the importance of examining factors that impact housing instability and homelessness, the field lacks a validated scale of housing instability. The current study examined the reliability and validity of a seven-item scale that measures housing instability. Data were taken from a larger study which implemented the Domestic Violence Housing First model across five domestic violence agencies in the Pacific Northwest.

Impact of the Domestic Violence Housing First Model on Survivors' Safety and Housing Stability: Six Month Findings.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a leading cause of homelessness, yet little evidence exists about effective strategies to assist IPV survivors as they work to avoid homelessness while freeing themselves from abuse. An ongoing demonstration evaluation is examining if and how one promising model assists IPV survivors in obtaining safe and stable housing over time. The Domestic Violence Housing First (DVHF) model involves providing IPV survivors with mobile advocacy and/or flexible funding, depending on individual needs, in order to attain these goals.

Domestic Violence Housing First Model and Association With Survivors' Housing Stability, Safety, and Well-being Over 2 Years.

Importance: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a leading cause of homelessness and a serious threat to public health and well-being.

Objective: To determine whether the Domestic Violence Housing First (DVHF) model improves safety, housing stability, and mental health over 2 years.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This longitudinal comparative effectiveness study interviewed IPV survivors and reviewed their agency records.

Domestic violence survivors' housing stability, safety, and well-being over time: Examining the role of domestic violence housing first, social support, and material hardship.

Intimate partner violence remains a significant public health issue and survivors often need various forms of support to achieve safety. The increased likelihood of experiencing housing instability and homelessness among survivors has led to an uptake in domestic violence agencies implementing housing-based interventions, such as Domestic Violence Housing First (DVHF), to address survivors' needs. The present study expands on prior research supporting the effectiveness of DVHF to examine situational factors that moderate the outcomes associated with this model among 406 survivors seeking services from domestic violence agencies located in the Pacific Northwestern region of the United States.

Molecular characterization of cell types in the squid .

Cephalopods are set apart from other mollusks by their advanced behavioral abilities and the complexity of their nervous systems. Because of the great evolutionary distance that separates vertebrates from cephalopods, it is evident that higher cognitive features have evolved separately in these clades despite the similarities that they share. Alongside their complex behavioral abilities, cephalopods have evolved specialized cells and tissues, such as the chromatophores for camouflage or suckers to grasp prey.

A pilot investigation of the efficacy and safety of magnesium chloride and ethanol as anesthetics in embryos.

The inclusion of cephalopods in the legislation related to the use of animals for experimental purposes has been based on the precautionary principle that these animals have the capacity to experience pain, suffering, distress, and lasting harm. Recent studies have expanded this view and supported it. Handling cephalopod mollusks in research is challenging and whenever more invasive procedures are required, sedation and/or anesthesia becomes necessary.

Impact of the Domestic Violence Housing First Model on Survivors' Safety and Housing Stability: 12-Month Findings.

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a widespread and devastating phenomenon resulting in a myriad of long-term consequences for survivors and their children. IPV victimization not only has negative health and economic consequences, it has also been linked to homelessness and housing instability. In response, the Domestic Violence Housing First (DVHF) model is being used in some domestic violence (DV) agencies to help survivors attain safe and stable housing.

The impact of COVID-19 on the safety, housing stability, and mental health of unstably housed domestic violence survivors.

Using data from an ongoing longitudinal study, we examined the impact of the COVID-19 stay-at-home orders on a racially diverse population of unstably housed domestic violence (DV) survivors over time. Specifically, we examined survivors' safety, housing stability, and mental health before, during, and after the onset of COVID-19, and how demographic, social, and familial factors attenuated or exacerbated the effect of the stay-at-home orders. Approximately 300 participants were initially interviewed after they sought services from a DV agency, and then again, every 6 months over 2 years.

[Primary Sjögren's Syndrome - News on Diagnostics and Therapy].

Primary Sjögren's Syndrome - News on Diagnostics and Therapy Primary Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that affects primarily the exocrine glands and is mainly characterized by sicca symptoms of the eyes and mouth, but also nose, throat, vagina and skin can be affected. Fatigue and pain are also very characteristic. Systemic manifestations can occur, e.

Scattered manifold-valued data approximation.

We consider the problem of approximating a function from an Euclidean domain to a manifold by scattered samples [Formula: see text], where the data sites [Formula: see text] are assumed to be locally close but can otherwise be far apart points scattered throughout the domain. We introduce a natural approximant based on combining the moving least square method and the Karcher mean. We prove that the proposed approximant inherits the accuracy order and the smoothness from its linear counterpart.

Diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography in large-vessel vasculitis.

Objective: To evaluate contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in diagnosis of inflammatory aortic involvement in patients with clinical suspicion of large-vessel vasculitis.

Patients And Methods: Seventy-five patients, mean age 62 years (range 16-82 years), 44 female and 31 male, underwent gadolinium-enhanced MRA and were evaluated retrospectively. Thoracic MRA was performed in 32 patients, abdominal MRA in 7 patients and both thoracic and abdominal MRA in 36 patients.

Beta-halo-alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-sultones.

The reaction of beta-iodo-alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-sultones (i.e., 4-halo-1,2-oxathiole 2,2-dioxides) in aprotic polar solvents such as DMSO or acetone, with 'soft' nucleophiles such as iodide or thioacetate, yields an allenesulfonate by a very facile halophilic ring-opening E(2)-elimination.

Facile syntheses of allylic allenethiosulfinates and -sulfonates, and of beta-iodo alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-sultines.

The regiospecificity of the 1,4-addition of the recently reported novel alkoxy chlorodisulfides to 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene has been established. Allyl allenethiosulfinates formed by spontaneous [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of the addition products were oxidized at 4 degrees C to the corresponding thiosulfonates. Periodate oxidation at room temperature, preferably in the presence of I2, resulted in oxidative cleavage and cyclization to beta-iodo alpha,beta-unsaturated gamma-sultines.

A randomised trial comparing the levonorgestrel intrauterine system and thermal balloon ablation for heavy menstrual bleeding.

Objective: To compare the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) (Mirena); Schering Co., Turku, Finland) and thermal balloon ablation (Thermachoice; Gynecare Inc., Menlo Park, CA, USA) for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding.

Sequential intermediates in the base-catalyzed conversion of bis(pi-conjugated propargyl) sulfones to 1,3-dihydrobenzo- and naphtho[c]thiophene-2,2-dioxides.

[reaction: see text] In a recent article, we reported on the base-catalyzed rearrangements of dipropargyl selenides, -sulfides, -sulfoxides, and -sulfones that eventually lead to polycyclic aromatic products. In the present work, we report on the first isolation and characterization of the thiophene dioxide intermediates 5b,c from a mild tandem isomerization/cyclization/aromatization of bis(pi-conjugated propargyl) sulfones. Monoallene 2b,c and diallene 3b intermediates were also identified by NMR.

A double-blind randomised controlled trial of laparoscopic uterine nerve ablation for women with chronic pelvic pain.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of laparoscopic uterine nerve ablation (LUNA) for chronic pelvic pain in women with endometriosis and women with no laparoscopic evidence of endometriosis.

Design: A prospective double-blind randomised controlled trial (RCT).

Setting: Single-centre, secondary-level gynaecology outpatient service and tertiary-level pelvic pain and endometriosis outpatient service in Auckland, New Zealand.

Relative reactivity of three and four membered rings--the absence of charge effect.

Radical (neutral) and electrophilic (cationic) ring opening reactions were studied computationally in order to probe the difference in reactivity between three and four membered rings. Using the Marcus equation we have shown that the activation energy for the four membered ring opening is close to the Marcus predicted barrier whereas three membered rings display much higher reactivity than that predicted by the Marcus equation. Thus, the reactivity of the three membered rings is enhanced, in addition to the strain release, by another factor which is not operative in the four membered rings.

New structures from multiple rearrangements of propargylic dialkoxy disulfides.

Sundry dipropargyloxy disulfides have been successfully prepared, and their rearrangement paths and products have been found to be dependent upon their substitution pattern. Inter alia compounds of two heretofore unknown structure types-10 and 11 on one hand and 14 and 15 on the other-have been obtained and characterized.

Cinnamic acid derived oxazolinium ions as novel cytotoxic agents.

Substituted cinnamoyl chlorides, 11, were converted into (2-hydroxyethyl)-oxazolinium chlorides 14, N,N-bis-(2-chloroethyl)amides 16 and (2-chloroethyl)-oxazolinium chlorides 17. Although derivatives 14 which possess electron-donating substituents (Me or MeO) were more potent than those substituted by electron-withdrawing groups (NO(2), Cl or CF(3)), the difference in cytotoxic actin was not significant. Modification of the lipophilic character in a series of alkoxy-substituted derivatives 14 led to more active compounds, where 14t that possesses a 4-octyloxy-phenyl-substituent was the most potent and displayed cytotoxic activity in the microM range.

An epidemiologic study of headache among adolescents and young adults.

Despite extensive description of headache among patients in specialty clinics and general practices in the United States, there have been few community-wide investigations. In a population-based telephone interview study of 10,169 Washington County, Maryland, residents who were 12 through 29 years old, 57.1% of males and 76.