Expression of Fascin and SALL4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors: an immunohistochemical appraisal.

Background: Various stemness markers (SOX2, OCT4, and NANOG) have been studied in odontogenic cysts and tumors. However, studies on SALL4 having similar properties of stemness has not been documented. Additionally, insight into fascin as a migratory molecule is less explored.

Exosomes: Mediators of cellular communication in potentially malignant oral lesions and head and neck cancers.

Exosomes are a unique type of extracellular vesicles that contain a plethora of biological cargo such as miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA, proteins and lipids. Exosomes serve as very effective means of intercellular communication. Due the presence of a lipid bilayer membrane, exosomes are resistant to degradation and are highly stable.

Non-familial paediatric oral myofibroma - A masquerade. Case report with a brief literature review.

Myofibromas are fibrous tumours that could be of familial or non-familial origin, belonging to the fibroblastic and myofibroblastic subset with a wide spectrum of clinical behaviour. Oral myofibromas present with a broad range of differential diagnoses, including benign and malignant lesions. Histopathologically, these lesions may imitate many other soft tissue tumours of the oral cavity, such as spindle cell tumours of nerve, smooth muscle cell origin, and other myofibroblastic lesions, thus leading to misdiagnosis and mistreatment.

Paediatric unicystic ameloblastoma - A report of 2 cases.

Unicytic ameloblastoma is a variant of ameloblastoma encompassing about 6% of ameloblastomas. They represent cystic lesions that reveal clinical and radiographic features of a cyst, but the histopathological features demonstrate a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst. Plexiform unicystic ameloblastoma, a variant of unicystic ameloblastoma refers to the pattern of proliferation where one or more nodules of ameloblastomatous epithelium project from the cystic lining into the lumen demonstrating an edematous plexiform pattern.

Spalt-like transcription factor 4 expression in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical appraisal.

Background: Spalt-like transcription factor 4 (SALL4) is a stem cell marker that plays a critical role in maintaining the pluripotency and self-renewal of embryonic and hematopoietic stem cells. Only a few studies have been done to apprehend the expression of SALL4 in the potentially malignant oral lesion (leukoplakia with dysplasia) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the expression of SALL4 in leukoplakia with dysplasia and OSCC and to correlate the expression of the marker (SALL4) with the various clinicopathological parameters and patient outcome.

Elucidating the role of excision repair cross-complement group 1 in oral epithelial dysplasia and early invasive squamous cell carcinoma: An immunohistochemical study.

Objectives: Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is characterized by cellular alterations which have the proclivity of progressing to squamous cell carcinoma. Excision repair cross-complement group 1 (ERCC1) is one of the key proteins involved in nucleotide excision repair (NER) pathway. The expression of ERCC1 has been studied in colorectal, esophageal, ovarian and oral squamous cell carcinoma; but, very few studies have been done to apprehend the expression of ERCC1 in OED and early invasive squamous cell carcinoma (EISCC).

Odontogenic cysts and odontogenic tumors in a large rural area from India. A 10-year reflection.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of odontogenic cysts and tumors along with age range, sex distribution, site of presentation and also to identify the most common type of odontogenic cyst and tumor among the population of coastal Karnataka over a 10-year period.

Methods: Data was collected from patient records and histologically diagnosed cases of odontogenic cysts and tumors. The age, gender of patients, as well as the site of lesion was recorded.

Omics data-driven analysis identifies laminin-integrin-mediated signaling pathway as a determinant for cell differentiation in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: In recent years, high-throughput omics technologies have been widely used globally to identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in various cancers. However, apart from large consortiums such as The Cancer Genome Atlas, limited attempts have been made to mine existing datasets pertaining to cancers.

Methods And Results: In the current study, we used an omics data analysis approach wherein publicly available protein expression data were integrated to identify functionally important proteins that revealed consistent dysregulated expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas.

Giant-cell fibroma: Understanding the nature of the melanin-laden cells.

Giant-cell fibroma is a localized, benign fibrous mucosal mass, which clinically mimics any other fibroepithelial growth, and its distinction from other lesions is on the basis of its peculiar histopathology. A case of giant-cell fibroma with stroma strewn with brown pigment-laden cells is presented herewith. Immunohistochemical staining aided with histochemical reaction to understand the origin of these cells was carried out.