Optimising Scar Management Intervention in the Case of a Head-and-Neck Burn for a Patient with a Learning Disability.

Scars following burns can often prove complex to manage, particularly when crossing joints or special areas such as the head and neck, due to contractures. This case report discusses the individualised care and rehabilitation provided to a burn patient with a learning disability. The patient suffered both full and partial thickness burns equating to a total body surface area (%TBSA) of 7% of the face, neck, and anterior chest via the self-ignition of clothing.

Use of a nasal obturator of computer-aided design in managing hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

This clinical report describes the nonsurgical treatment of a patient suffering from severe epistaxis associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Unlike the permanent surgical closure of the nostrils, known as the Young procedure, this treatment option provides interim relief from nasal obstruction. It includes the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and computer-aided design (CAD) to create a patient-specific silicone nasal obturator without the need for an impression of the nasal cavity, thereby preventing irritation to the delicate nasal mucosa that could instigate epistaxis.

Band Degeneracy and Anisotropy Enhances Thermoelectric Performance from SbSiTe to ScSiTe.

The complex interrelationships among thermoelectric parameters mean that design of high-performing materials is difficult. However, band engineering can allow the power factor to be optimized through enhancement of the Seebeck coefficient. Herein, using layered SbSiTe and ScSiTe as model systems, we comprehensively investigate and compare their thermoelectric properties by employing density functional theory combined with semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory.

Factors associated with intention to implement SBI and SUD treatment: a survey of primary care clinicians in Texas enrolled in an online course.

Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) presents a range of public health challenges and consequences. Despite the prevention potential of screening and brief intervention (SBI) in the primary care setting, implementation is low. The purpose of this study was to assess associations of primary care clinicians' knowledge of SBI and SUD treatment, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control with intention to incorporate SBI and SUD treatment into regular clinical practice.

An alternative technique for fabricating an interim nasal profile dressing using computer-aided design, spectrophotometry, and a color formulation software program.

A total rhinectomy may be part of the treatment of nasal malignancy and can cause severe facial disfigurement and unwanted psychological repercussions. A technique is described for fabricating a skin-colored interim nasal profile dressing for immediate fitting after surgery without the need for either preoperative or postoperative impressions. The technique avoids patient discomfort, and the initial emotional trauma of facial disfigurement may be avoided.

Lesion area progression in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration treated using a proactive or a reactive regimen.

Background: To compare the change in lesion area over 4 years of follow-up in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents using either a proactive or a reactive regimen in routine clinical practice.

Methods: This was a multicentre, retrospective comparative study. Totally, 202 treatment-naïve nAMD eyes (183 patients) received anti-VEGF therapy according to a proactive (n = 105) or reactive (n = 97) regimen.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Stillbirth among Pregnant Women with Obesity.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between obesity and risk of stillbirth among pregnant women with obesity in the United States, with a focus on racial and ethnic disparities.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional analysis of birth and fetal data from the 2014 to 2019 National Vital Statistics System ( = 14,938,384 total births) to examine associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and risk of stillbirth. Cox's proportional hazards regression model was used to compute adjusted hazard ratios (HR) as a measure of risk of stillbirth in relation to maternal BMI.

Management of macular oedema due to retinal vein occlusion: An evidence-based systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Central retinal vein occlusion and branch retinal vein occlusion are common causes of visual loss due to associated macular oedema. The aim of this review was to assess the effectiveness of interventions improving vision and treating macular oedema in central retinal vein occlusion and branch retinal vein occlusion.

Methods: Medical search engines and clinical trial registries were systematically searched.

YTiOS - a promising n-type oxysulphide for thermoelectric applications.

Thermoelectric materials offer an unambiguous solution to the ever-increasing global demand for energy by harnessing the Seebeck effect to convert waste heat to electrical energy. Mixed-anion materials are ideal candidate thermoelectric materials due to their thermal stability and potential for "phonon-glass, electron-crystal" behaviour. In this study, we use density-functional theory (DFT) calculations to investigate YTiOS, a cation-deficient Ruddlesden-Popper system, as a potential thermoelectric.

Trends and Risk Factors for Leishmaniasis among Reproductive Aged Women in the United States.

Background And Objective: Leishmaniasis, a neglected tropical disease, is endemic in several regions globally, but commonly regarded as a disease of travelers in the United States (US). The literature on leishmaniasis among hospitalized women in the US is very limited. The aim of this study was to explore trends and risk factors for leishmaniasis among hospitalized women of reproductive age within the US.

Long-term outcomes of anti-VEGF treatment of retinal vein occlusion.

Background/objectives: To analyze the long-term outcomes of eyes with retinal vein occlusion (RVO) 8 years after commencing treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents.

Subjects/methods: Retrospective, multicentre study of 221 eyes diagnosed with RVO, which were commenced on anti-VEGF therapy between 2009 and 2011. VA and CRT were recorded at baseline and at subsequent annual time points.

Temporal trends of gestational malaria in the United States.

Background: Although regarded as rare in the United States (US), increased global traffic and importation of malaria from endemic countries may lead to a rise in gestational malaria in the US.

Methods: This multi-year retrospective study analyzed trends in diagnosed cases of gestational malaria from 2002 to 2017 using joinpoint regression models. We also assessed the association between gestational malaria and selected maternal-fetal adverse outcomes.

Diabetes in pregnancy and risk of near-miss, maternal mortality and foetal outcomes in the USA: a retrospective cross-sectional analysis.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes in pregnant women has increased in the USA over recent decades. The primary aim of this study was to assess the association between diabetes in pregnancy and maternal near-miss incident, maternal mortality and selected adverse foetal outcomes.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional analysis among pregnancy-related hospitalizations in USA between 2002 and 2014.

Comparison between two multimodal imaging platforms: Nidek Mirante and Heidelberg Spectralis.

Purpose: To investigate the reliability and comparability of retinal measurements obtained with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (cSLO) colour images, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) between two multimodal imaging platforms in eyes with macular pathology and normal, healthy volunteers.

Methods: This cross-sectional, multi-centre, instrument validation study recruited 94 consecutive subjects. All participants underwent a dilated examination and were scanned consecutively on the Heidelberg Spectralis (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and Nidek Mirante (Nidek Co.

Long-term Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Treatment for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: The LATAR Study: Report 1: Ten-Year, Real-World Outcomes.

Purpose: To report the 10-year outcomes of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors.

Design: Ten-year, retrospective cohort study.

Participants: A total of 1046 patients who commenced treatment with anti-VEGF for nAMD.

Increased risk of 30-day hospital readmission among patients discharged against medical advice: a nationwide analysis.

Purpose: Annually, 1%-2% of hospitalized patients are discharged against medical advice (AMA), positioning them at an increased risk of readmission, morbidity, and mortality. Our study aim was to examine 30-day all-cause readmission rates and estimate readmission odds among AMA discharges in the United States, across clinically distinct diagnostic subgroups.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, serial cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2010-2017 Nationwide Readmissions Database.

Trends and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in the Rates of Pre-eclampsia by HIV Status in the US.

Background: Preeclampsia and HIV account for a significant proportion of the global burden of disease and pose severe maternal-fetal risks. There is a dearth of literature regarding racial/ethnic disparities in preeclampsia associated with HIV/AIDS in the US.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database from 2002 to 2015 on a cohort of hospitalized pregnant women with or without preeclampsia and HIV.

Trends and associated characteristics for Chagas disease among women of reproductive age in the United States, 2002 to 2017.

Background: American trypanosomiasis, commonly referred to as Chagas disease, is caused by a single cell protozoan known as (). Although those affected are mainly in Latin America, Chagas has been detected in the United States (US), Canada and in many European countries due to migration. Few studies have explored the epidemiology of Chagas within the US or changes in disease burden over the past decade.

Trends in Appendicitis Among Pregnant Women, the Risk for Cardiac Arrest, and Maternal-Fetal Mortality.

Background: Appendicitis is the most common extra-uterine surgical emergency requiring immediate intervention during pregnancy. However, risks for mortality and morbidity among pregnant women with appendicitis remain poorly understood. This study was conducted to determine the temporal trends of appendicitis in pregnant women, and to calculate the risk of maternal-fetal mortality and near-miss marker (i.

Opioid-Related Disorders Among Pregnant Women with Sickle Cell Disease and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Objective: Opioid use during pregnancy has increased in recent years, parallel with the opioid epidemic in the general population. Opioids are commonly used as an analgesic for pain crisis, a hallmark symptom of sickle cell disease (SCD). With the amplified frequency and severity of SCD pain crisis during pregnancy, the use of opioids may increase concurrently.

Macular Atrophy Incidence and Progression in Eyes with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treated with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors Using a Treat-and-Extend or a Pro Re Nata Regimen: Four-Year Results of the MANEX Study.

Purpose: To compare the incidence and progression of macular atrophy (MA) in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) agents using either a treat-and-extend (T&E) or a pro re nata (PRN) regimen over 4 years in a real-world setting.

Design: Four-year, multicenter, retrospective comparative study.

Participants: Two hundred sixty-four patients with treatment-naive nAMD.

Patient-reported outcomes from a phase IV study of aflibercept in patients with refractory retinal vein occlusions.

Purpose: To determine the patient-centered effectiveness of switching patients with persistent macular edema due to retinal vein occlusion (RVO) to aflibercept using the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire 25 (NEI-VFQ-25).

Materials And Methods: Prospective study of eyes with persistent cystoid macular edema due to RVO despite regular treatment with bevacizumab or ranibizumab switched to aflibercept. Three loading doses of intravitreal aflibercept were administered every 4 weeks and thereafter every 8 weeks until week 48.

Opioid Use Among HIV-Positive Pregnant Women and the Risk for Maternal-Fetal Complications.

Objective: To assess patient- and hospital-level characteristics associated with opioid use in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive pregnant women and fetal health outcomes.

Methods: Using the 2002-2014 Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, we analyzed discharge records to describe the rates of opioid use among HIV-positive pregnant women. Logistic regression was used to quantify the magnitude of the association between exposure status and maternal-fetal outcomes.

Optical-coherence tomography angiography and ultrawide-field angiography findings in eyes with refractory macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion switched to aflibercept: A subanalysis from a 48-week prospective study.

Purpose: To evaluate anatomical changes on ultra-wide-field fluorescein-angiography and optical coherence angiography (OCT-A) among a cohort with treatment-resistant macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusions (RVO) switched to aflibercept.

Materials And Methods: Patients with persistent macular edema despite previous bevacizumab and/or ranibizumab were switched to aflibercept in a 48-week prospective trial. Ultra-wide-field fluorescein angiography (UWFFA) and OCT-A were performed at baseline, week-24 and week-48.