Anastomosis of masseteric nerve to lower division of facial nerve for correction of lower facial paralysis. Preliminary report.

Another method to reanimate the corner of the mouth in facial paralysis is by reinnervation of the perioral musculature. We have done this in 3 cases by anastomosing the masseteric nerve to the nearby lower division of the facial nerve. The results varied, but are promising.

Blepharoplasty.

In summary, the author has presented a brief historical review of the various operations under the general heading of blepharoplasty for the removal of redundant and "baggy" eyelid skin. The various conditions encountered which contribute to the aging eyelid and periocular area have been described as they relate to examination of the prospective candidate for this surgery. The need for individualizing the surgical procedure to correct the defects present has been stressed.

Treatment of acne pitting and scarring.

The treatment of acne pitting and scarring by classic dermabrasion is, at best, somewhat disappointing; at worst, it is unsuccessful--and it is frequently accompanied by undesirable sequelae. This clinical study describes several techniques and combinations of methods for the treatment of chronic acne and acne scars and pits. When the scars are limited to a small discrete area, an elliptical wedge excision of the involved skin is done.

Subcutaneous mastectomy in the large ptotic breast.

A procedure is described for doing a subcutaneous mastectomy on large ptotic breasts. The method employs a reduction of the skin brassiere, free transplantation of the areola-nipple, and a double layer closure technique.

Lower blepharoplasty--a clinical study.

In 20 to 26 patients who had blepharoplasties in which the lower eyelid skin was undermined at two different levels on the two sides, little (if any) difference could be demonstrated in the postoperative appearance.

Electrotonic coupling: effective sign reversal by inhibitory neurons.

Neurons in the buccal ganglia of Navanax inermis which control circumferential muscles of the pharynx showed typical electrotonic coupling when there was little synaptic activity in them. When there was much inhibitory activity, the effective sign of coupling was reversed; that is, hyperpolarization and depolarization of one cell caused depolarization and hyperpolarization of the others. A neural circuit explaining these results involes inhibitory neurons electronically coupled to and also inhibitory to the circumferential neurons that are themselves coupled.

Ultrastructure of region of a low safety factor in inhomogeneous giant axon of the cockroach.

1. The structure of the ventral giant axons of the cockroach at the level of ganglion T3 was studied by means of light and electron microscopy. 2.

Modulation of spike frequency by regions of special axonal geometry and by synaptic inputs.

1. Spike propagation across the nonhomogeneous section of the giant axon in ganglion T3 of the cockroach was analyzed by intracellular microelectrodes recording at the posterior and anterior ends of T3. Ascending and descending potentials were evoked by stimulation of A5-A6 and T2-T3 connectives.

Repair of extensor tendon injuries of the hand.

We have presented methods for treating extensor tendon injuries from the interphalangeal joint to the wrist and the musculotendinous junction in the forearm. Early and proper splinting in the treatment of extensor tendon injuries is more important than a specific method of surgical repair. We emphasize the need for prolonged splinting, up to eight weeks in distal injuries.

Penicillin decreases chloride conductance in crustacean muscle: a model for the epileptic neuron.

The effects of penicillin were studied on the neuromuscular preparation of the ghost crab, Ocypoda cursor. Penicillin in doses lower than 2 mM reduced both the amplitude of inhibitory junction potentials and conductance increases induced by external application of GABA. The nature of the latter effect appears to be 2-fold, a weaker competitive inhibition and a more powerful non-competitive effech which may be ionophore blockade.