Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Older Adults: Recovery Course and Insights on Early Predictors of Outcome.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing health concern in the context of an aging population. Older adults comprise a distinct population, with an increased vulnerability for mTBI due to comorbid diseases and age-associated frailty compared with the adult population. The aim of this study was to assess the recovery course and determinants of outcome in a large cohort of older patients with mTBI.

White matter abnormalities in aneurysmal and angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage: A diffusion kurtosis imaging study.

Objective: Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage (anSAH) cause an abrupt rise in intracranial pressure, resulting in shearing forces, causing damage to the white matter tracts. This study aims to investigate whole-brain white matter abnormalities with diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) after both aSAH and anSAH and explores whether these abnormalities are associated with impaired cognitive functioning.

Methods: Five months post-ictus, 34 patients with aSAH, 24 patients with anSAH and 17 healthy controls (HC) underwent DKI MRI scanning and neuropsychological assessment (measuring verbal memory, psychomotor speed, executive control, and social cognition).

Protocol for the MS-CEBA study: an observational, prospective cohort study identifying Cognitive, Energetic, Behavioural and Affective (CEBA) profiles in Multiple Sclerosis to guide neuropsychological treatment choice.

Background: Neuropsychological symptoms in the Cognitive, Energetic, Behavioural, and Affective (CEBA) domains are common in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) and can negatively affect societal participation. The current study aims to investigate whether there are combinations of symptoms in the different CEBA domains that consistently occur together, that is, if there are CEBA profiles that can be identified. If so, this study aims to develop a screening instrument identifying CEBA profiles in PwMS to select the most suitable neuropsychological rehabilitation treatment for a given CEBA profile and consequently improve the societal participation of PwMS.

Clusters of resilience and vulnerability: executive functioning, coping and mental distress in patients with diffuse low-grade glioma.

Purpose: Diffuse low-grade gliomas (dLGG) often have a frontal location, which may negatively affect patients' executive functions (EF). Being diagnosed with dLGG and having to undergo intensive treatment can be emotionally stressful. The ability to cope with this stress in an adaptive, active and flexible way may be hampered by impaired EF.

Virtual reality as a method of cognitive training of processing speed, working memory, and sustained attention in persons with acquired brain injury: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Acquired brain injury (ABI) often leads to persisting somatic, cognitive, and social impairments. Cognitive impairments of processing speed, sustained attention, and working memory are frequently reported and may negatively affect activities of daily living and quality of life. Rehabilitation efforts aiming to retrain these cognitive functions have often consisted of computerized training programs.

Neurocognitive outcomes in moderately preterm born adolescents.

Background: Early preterm (EP) born children are at risk of neurocognitive impairments persisting into adulthood. Less is known about moderately to late (MLP) preterm born children, especially after early childhood. The aim of this study was to assess neurocognitive functioning of MLP adolescents regarding intelligence, executive and attentional functioning, compared with EP and full-term (FT) adolescents.

Good Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Patients One Year after mTBI despite Incomplete Recovery: An Indication of the Disability Paradox?

: Older adults (OAs) with mild traumatic brain injury (OA-mTBI) are a growing population, but studies on long-term outcomes and quality of life are scarce. Our aim was to determine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in OA-mTBI one year after injury and to assess the early predictors of HRQoL. : Data from a prospective follow-up study of 164 older (≥60 years) and 289 younger mTBI patients (<60 years) admitted to the emergency department were analyzed.

Development and content validity of the cognition in daily life scale (CDL).

Cognitive impairment can negatively influence daily functioning. Current cognitive measures are essential for diagnosing cognitive impairment, but findings on these tests do not always represent the level of cognitive functioning in daily life. Therefore, this study aimed to design a structured measurement instrument to observe and rate the impact of cognitive impairment in daily life, named the (CDL).

The link between the early surgery-induced inflammatory response and postoperative cognitive dysfunction in older patients.

Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a common complication in older patients with cancer and is associated with decreased quality of life and increased disability and mortality rates. Systemic inflammation resulting in neuroinflammation is considered important in the pathogenesis of POCD. The aim of this study was to explore the association between the early surgery-induced inflammatory response and POCD within 3 months after surgery in older cancer patients.

Re-evaluating patient communication and care in angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage: Balancing realism and optimism.

Angiographically negative subarachnoid hemorrhage (anSAH) has traditionally been considered a benign condition, mainly because of favorable outcomes in the acute stage in comparison to the often negative acute outcomes of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. However, a growing body of research in recent years shows that anSAH often leads to cognitive impairments, emotional distress, and difficulties in resuming work or other daily life activities. Therefore, in this position paper, we call for a change in neurological care and a shift in patient communication, emphasizing the importance of addressing patient needs and fostering realistic expectations rather than solely focusing on the benign nature of the condition.

Moving across disorders: A cross-sectional study of cognition in early onset ataxia and dystonia.

Background: Early onset ataxia (EOA) and Early Onset Dystonia (EOD) are movement disorders developing in young people (age <25 per definition). These disorders result from dysfunctional networks involving the cerebellum and basal ganglia. As these structures are also important for cognition, cognitive deficits can be expected in EOA and EOD.

Automated magnetic resonance imaging quantification of cerebral parenchymal and ventricular volume following subarachnoid hemorrhage: associations with cognition.

This study aims to investigate cerebral parenchymal and ventricular volume changes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and their potential association with cognitive impairment. 17 patients with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH) and 21 patients with angiographically negative SAH (anSAH) without visually apparent parenchymal loss on conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included, along with 76 healthy controls. Volumetric analyses were performed using an automated clinical segmentation and quantification tool.

Moving on with (social) cognition in idiopathic cervical dystonia.

Objective: Cervical dystonia (CD) is a movement disorder characterized by involuntary muscle contractions causing sustained twisting movements and abnormal postures of the neck and head. Assumed affected neuronal regions are the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuits, which are also involved in cognitive functioning. Indeed, impairments in different cognitive domains have been found in CD patients.

Dynamic phase-locking states and personality in sub-acute mild traumatic brain injury: An exploratory study.

Research has shown that maladaptive personality characteristics, such as Neuroticism, are associated with poor outcome after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The current exploratory study investigated the neural underpinnings of this process using dynamic functional network connectivity (dFNC) analyses of resting-state (rs) fMRI, and diffusion MRI (dMRI). Twenty-seven mTBI patients and 21 healthy controls (HC) were included.

Emotion recognition in relation to tumor characteristics in patients with low-grade glioma.

Background: Patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG) treated with surgery, generally function well and have a favorable prognosis. However, LGG can affect neurocognitive functioning. To date, little is known about social cognition (SC) in these patients, although impaired SC is related to social-behavioral problems and poor societal participation.

The vanishing of the ACoA syndrome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: New era, different management, fewer problems?

Historically, a specific set of symptoms has been related to the rupture and repair of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysms. These consequences were defined as the 'ACoA syndrome' and included observations of severe memory loss, confabulation and personality or behavioural changes. These observations correspond to neuropsychological impairments in memory, executive functions and social cognition.

The Cognitive Profile of Elderly Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Role for Cognitive Reserve?

Objective: To assess cognitive status in elderly patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the subacute phase, examine the role of cognitive reserve, and investigate associations with cognitive complaints, mental distress, and functional outcomes.

Setting: A level 1 trauma center in the Netherlands.

Participants: A total of 52 individuals with mTBI and 42 healthy controls.

Impaired Emotion Recognition: A Potential Marker for Social Behavioral Problems in Patients With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early Alzheimer Disease?

Objective: Emotion recognition, an important aspect of social cognition, can be impaired already in early Alzheimer disease dementia and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and may underly social behavioral changes, which can increase caregiver burden. However, social behavior is difficult to assess in outpatient settings. We evaluated whether impaired emotion recognition is related to proxy-rated social behavioral problems and thus can serve as a marker of these changes.

Impaired facial emotion recognition in relation to social behaviours in de novo Parkinson's disease.

Facial emotion recognition (FER) is a crucial component of social cognition and is essential in social-interpersonal behaviour regulation. Although FER impairment is well-established in advanced PD, data about FER at the time of diagnosis and its relationship with social behavioural problems in daily life are lacking. The aim was to examine FER at the time of PD diagnosis compared to a matched healthy control (HC) group and to associate FER with indices of social behavioural problems.

Deep brain stimulation in dystonia: The added value of neuropsychological assessments.

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the internal globus pallidus (GPi) is a recognized treatment for medication-refractory dystonia. Problems in executive functions and social cognition can be part of dystonia phenotypes. The impact of pallidal DBS on cognition appears limited, but not all cognitive domains have been investigated yet.

Long-term Course of Cognitive Functioning After Aneurysmal and Angiographically Negative Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background And Objectives: Cognitive impairment is a common consequence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), negatively affecting everyday functioning. This study is the first to investigate the long-term course of cognitive functioning after SAH and its associations with long-term well-being (ie, anxiety and depression), cognitive complaints, and return to work, separately for patients with aneurysmal SAH (aSAH) and angiographically negative SAH (anSAH) in a longitudinal design.

Methods: Cognitive functioning was measured at 2 time points (T1: 3-6 months post-SAH; T2: 2-4 years post-SAH) in 58 patients with aSAH and 22 patients with anSAH with neuropsychological tests for (working) memory, psychomotor speed, and attention/executive functioning.

Effect of Intravenous Ferric Carboxymaltose on Exercise Capacity After Kidney Transplantation (EFFECT-KTx): rationale and study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Introduction: Iron deficiency (ID) is common and has been associated with an excess mortality risk in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). In patients with chronic heart failure and ID, intravenous iron improves exercise capacity and quality of life. Whether these beneficial effects also occur in KTRs is unknown.

Virtual Reality as Pain Relief in Burn Care: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness on Pain During Multiple Dressing Changes.

This pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR)-distraction on pain during multiple Wound Dressing Changes (WDCs). Furthermore, associations between demographic, clinical, and psychological factors and pain during WDC were determined. Participants were randomized to either the VR-condition or Care As Usual (CAU)-condition.