Assessing the resource potential of paper and board in lightweight packaging waste sorting plants through manual analysis and sensor-based material flow monitoring.

The recycling of paper and board (PB) yields economic and environmental advantages compared to primary paper production. However, PB from lightweight packaging (LWP) waste is currently not comprehensively reintegrated into the paper value stream. To develop an adapted recycling process for PB from LWP, PB quantities, qualities, and fluctuations ranges in LWP are required.

Remote assessment of dental records by using intraoral scan-based digital three-dimensional models in an elderly patient population - an exploratory study.

Aim: To assess the agreement rates of dental records derived from intraoral scan-based digital three-dimensional models (3DM) and 3DM + panoramic radiographs (3DM+PAN-X) compared to clinical findings.

Materials And Methods: Based on the 3DM/3DM+PAN-X of 50 patients undergoing supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), ten remote raters (inexperienced in using IOS or 3DM) assessed for each site of the dental scheme (32 sites) whether a tooth was missing (M), filled (F), restoration- and caries-free (H), replaced by an implant (I) or decayed (D). Remote records were compared to the clinical reference record of each patient at tooth-level.

Methodology to quantify single-use plastic products in municipal solid waste Part 2: Quantification of tobacco products with filters in Germany.

Discharge from unrestricted tobacco products with filters (TPF) causes environmental damage. To reduce TPF litter quantities, Directive (EU) 2019/904 requires TPF producers to proportionally contribute to the costs of discarding their products in public waste collection systems, including litter waste ones. An appropriate output-based cost model requires assessing TPF quantities in relevant waste streams.

Methodology to quantify single-use plastic products in municipal solid waste Part 1: Development of a sampling methodology.

In recent years, the consumption of plastic products intended for single use has increased. Directive (EU) 2019/904 aims to reduce the use and the resulting generated waste quantity of single-use plastic (SUP) products. Therefore, manufacturers of SUP products are required to contribute proportionately to the costs of disposing of their products in public collection systems, including litter waste.

Sex and ancestry estimation in South Africans from measurements of the calcaneus and talus - a validation study.

Forensic anthropological methodology needs to continuously be tested and validated to remain on par with international standards of best practice. The present study aimed to validate previously published metric and non-metric methods for estimating sex and population affinity from the calcaneus and talus in black and white South Africans. The calcanei and tali of two-hundred individuals, equally distributed by sex and population, were measured and the validity of the discriminant functions were assessed.

Case discussions of missed traumatic fractures on computed tomography scans.

Unlabelled: Radiological diagnostic errors are common and may have severe consequences. Understanding these errors and their possible causes is crucial for optimising patient care and improving radiological training. Recent postmortem studies using an animal model highlighted the difficulties associated with accurate fracture diagnosis using radiological imaging.

Radiological detection of sharp force skeletal trauma: an evaluation of the sensitivity of Lodox in comparison to CT and X-ray.

Victims of violent crime often have evidence of sharp force trauma (SFT) which needs to be examined to accurately investigate these cases. The abilities of CTs, X-rays, and Lodox to detect skeletal SFT defects and the minimum number of impacts were assessed, as were their abilities to macroscopically interpret SFT with the aim of identifying the class of weapon used. Ten pigs were, post-mortem, stabbed using a kitchen knife on one side of the body and chopped using a panga on the other side.

Remote assessment of DMFT and number of implants with intraoral digital photography in an elderly patient population - a comparative study.

Objectives: This comparative study aimed to evaluate intraoral digital photography (IODP) as assessment-tool for DMFT and number of implants (IMPL) compared to clinical diagnosis (CLIN) in an elderly population with high restorative status. Secondary research questions were whether an additional evaluation of panoramic radiographs (PAN-X) or raters' clinical experience influence the agreement.

Methods: Fifty patients (70.

Forensic imaging: The sensitivities of various imaging modalities in detecting skeletal trauma in simulated cases of child abuse using a pig model.

Physical child abuse is a major problem in South Africa and throughout the world, and the detection of skeletal trauma in victims of abuse may be critical in the accurate investigation of these cases. Since many of these fractures are not detected during traditional autopsy, the use of various diagnostic imaging tools is implemented in order to aid in the detection of trauma. In South Africa, Lodox (low-dose full-body X-ray) is commonly used in forensic mortuaries and the aim of this study was to assess the sensitivities of CT, X-ray and Lodox, in comparison to dry bone as the gold standard, in detecting both the number of fractures and minimum number of impacts in piglets subjected to blunt force trauma.

A comparison of computed tomography, X-ray and Lodox scans in assessing pediatric skull fractures using piglets.

Skull fractures are common in children both due to abuse and accidental incidences. The accurate detection of these fractures may therefore be critical. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of CT, X-ray, and Lodox scans, the latter which has not previously been evaluated and is commonly employed in South Africa, in detecting the number, location and type of pediatric skull fractures.

Leader Academy: A layered approach to learning leadership.

Background And Purpose: Leader Academy (LA) is a co-curricular experience for students that builds communication skills, fosters leadership skills, and offers opportunities in professional development. The program couples leadership development during the first year of the curriculum with activities conducted in a team-based learning course.

Educational Activity And Setting: An emotional intelligence (EI) assessment was administered to students during their first year.

A comparison of the direct and indirect methods of estimating skeletal height from tibial fragments in black South Africans.

The estimation of maximum bone length from its fragments is important in forensic anthropology as these length estimates can be used to estimate the total skeletal height (TSH), and thereby stature, of unknown skeletal remains. This is known as the indirect method of stature estimation. Alternatively, TSH can be estimated directly from bone fragments without first estimating maximum bone length.

Recombinant HIV-1 vaccine candidates based on replication-defective flavivirus vector.

Multiple approaches utilizing viral and DNA vectors have shown promise in the development of an effective vaccine against HIV. In this study, an alternative replication-defective flavivirus vector, RepliVax (RV), was evaluated for the delivery of HIV-1 immunogens. Recombinant RV-HIV viruses were engineered to stably express clade C virus Gag and Env (gp120TM) proteins and propagated in Vero helper cells.

Using tibial fragments to reconstruct the total skeletal height of black South Africans.

Stature is an important component of the biological profile of unknown skeletal remains and regression equations for estimating stature have been derived for a number of bones. However, bones are rarely recovered intact in both forensic and archaeological cases, and regression formulae for fragmentary remains have therefore been developed. These equations are, however, both sex- and population-specific, and while formulae exist for many populations, those using fragmentary tibiae do not exist for black South Africans.

Emotional intelligence scores among three cohorts of pharmacy students before and after completing the University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy's Leadership Degree Option Program.

Background And Purpose: Report change in Emotional Intelligence Appraisal scores among three cohorts of student pharmacists before and after completing the Leadership Degree Option (LDO) Program within the University of Oklahoma College of Pharmacy.

Educational Activity And Setting: The first three cohorts of student pharmacists who elected to enroll in the College's LDO completed the self-administered Emotional Intelligence Appraisal, Me Edition, at the start of the LDO program and again three years later at the end of the program. Paired samples t-test compared differences between mean pre- and post-scores stratified by gender.

"Attention Everyone, Time Out!": Safety Attitudes and Checklist Practices in Anesthesiology in Germany. A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The use of perioperative checklists has generated a growing body of evidence pointing toward reduction of mortality and morbidity, improved compliance with guidelines, reduction of adverse events, and improvements in human factor-related areas. Usual quality management metrics generally fall short in assessing compliance with their perioperative application. Our study assessed application attitudes and compliance with safety measures centered around the World Health Organization (WHO) "Safe Surgery Saves Lives" campaign as perceived by anesthesia professionals in Germany.

Impact of charge transport on current-voltage characteristics and power-conversion efficiency of organic solar cells.

This work elucidates the impact of charge transport on the photovoltaic properties of organic solar cells. Here we show that the analysis of current-voltage curves of organic solar cells under illumination with the Shockley equation results in values for ideality factor, photocurrent and parallel resistance, which lack physical meaning. Drift-diffusion simulations for a wide range of charge-carrier mobilities and illumination intensities reveal significant carrier accumulation caused by poor transport properties, which is not included in the Shockley equation.

Renal denervation in moderate treatment-resistant hypertension.

Objectives: This study sought to investigate the effect of renal denervation (RDN) in patients with treatment-resistant hypertension according to the established definition (Joint National Committee VII and European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology guidelines), that is, office blood pressure (BP) ≥140/90 mm Hg (with at least three antihypertensive drugs, including a diuretic, in adequate doses) and confirmed by 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM).

Background: RDN emerged as an innovative interventional antihypertensive therapy. However, so far, only patients with severe hypertension (systolic BP ≥160 mm Hg or ≥150 mm Hg for patients with type 2 diabetes) have been investigated.

Identifying psychological contract breaches to guide improvements in faculty recruitment, retention, and development.

Objective: To identify pharmacy faculty members' perceptions of psychological contract breaches that can be used to guide improvements in faculty recruitment, retention, and development.

Methods: A list of psychological contract breaches was developed using a Delphi procedure involving a panel of experts assembled through purposive sampling. The Delphi consisted of 4 rounds, the first of which elicited examples of psychological contract breaches in an open-ended format.

Effects of renal sympathetic denervation on heart rate and atrioventricular conduction in patients with resistant hypertension.

Background: Renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) reduces sympathetic activity and blood pressure (BP) in patients with resistant hypertension. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of RDN on HR and other electrocardiographic parameters.

Methods: 136 patients aged 62.

Sensitization and symptoms associated with soybean exposure in processing plants in South Africa.

Background: Following the results of a previous study that highlighted the potential for significant levels of dust exposure in South African soybean processing plants, a clinical investigation was undertaken to study the respiratory health of workers in this industry.

Methods: Workers from three soybean-processing plants were studied with a respiratory questionnaire and estimation of atopy and specific soybean IgE.

Results: A total of 144 of the 181 (79.

Respirator fit of a medium mask on a group of South Africans: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In South Africa, respiratory protective equipment is often the primary control method used to protect workers. This preliminary study investigated how well a common disposable P2 respirator fitted persons with a range of facial dimensions.

Methods: Quantitative respirator fit tests were performed on 29 volunteers from different racial, gender and face size groups.