Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS): What Nurses Need to Know.

Background: Efforts to decrease adverse effects of tobacco use are affected by emergence of new nicotine delivery products. Advertising, product promotion, and social media promote use of these products, yet a lack of evidence regarding safety leaves nurses unprepared to counsel patients.

Objectives: To critically evaluate current research, reviews of literature, expert opinion, and stakeholder policy proposals on use and safety of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS).

Correlations between intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) parameters and histological findings in rectal cancer: preliminary results.

Our purpose was to correlate different intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), histopathological and clinical parameters in rectal cancer. 17 patients with histologically proven rectal cancer investigated on a 3.T device were included into the study.

Correlation Between Aquaporin 4 Expression and Different DWI Parameters in Grade I Meningioma.

Purpose: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) measures water diffusion in biological tissues. Cellular water transport depends on aquaporins (AQPs). The expression of aquaporins might differ in several pathologic disorders.

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in Meningioma: Prediction of Tumor Grade and Association with Histopathological Parameters.

Objectives: To analyze diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings of meningiomas and to compare them with tumor grade, cell count, and proliferation index and to test a possibility of use of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) to differentiate benign from atypical/malignant tumors.

Methods: Forty-nine meningiomas were analyzed. DWI was done using a multislice single-shot echo-planar imaging sequence.

Costs associated with evaluation of incidental breast lesions identified on computed tomography.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to calculate the costs associated with the evaluation of breast incidentalomas (BI) identified on CT.

Methods: All CT scans of the thorax performed at the radiological department of the University Hospital of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg between the years 2006 and 2014 were reanalysed retrospectively. 111 patients with BI were identified.

Correlation Between Different ADC Fractions, Cell Count, Ki-67, Total Nucleic Areas and Average Nucleic Areas in Meningothelial Meningiomas.

Background: Meningioma is the most common intracranial tumor. The aim of the present study was to correlate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values with cellularity, Ki-67 and nucleic area in meningioma cases.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-four meningothelial meningiomas were included in the study.

Primary Thyroid Sarcoma: A Systematic Review.

Different types of malignant tumors can occur within the thyroid. Primary cancer is the most common type of thyroid malignancy. Non-epithelial malignancies can also arise within the thyroid.

Comparison of diffusion-weighted imaging findings in brain metastases of different origin.

Our purpose was to estimate apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values from brain metastases (BMs). Our patient sample included 159 patients with 948 BMs. Magnetic resonance imaging was obtained with a 1.

[Evaluation of testicular volume in 0- to 18-year-old boys by sonography].

Background: Reference values are necessary in clinical practice in order to correctly evaluate testicular volume and detect disorders.

Objectives: The objective of this prospective cross-sectional study was to evaluate reference values for testicular volume dependent on age, height, and weight in boys aged 0-18 years.

Material And Methods: During their inpatient stay, the testes of 174 boys, who were free of disease or therapy that might influence testicular development, were examined by sonography.

Radiological features of metastases to the thyroid.

Background: Thyroid metastases (TM) are uncommon. Dependent on study design, the reported frequency of TM is in the range of 0.1-6% in different analyses.

Muscle metastases: comparison of features in different primary tumours.

Background: Muscle metastases (MM) from solid tumours are rare. The aim of this study was to describe radiological features of MM, and to compare their patterns in different malignancies.

Methods: A retrospective search in the statistical database of our institution revealed 61 cases of MM.

Intramuscular leukemic relapse: clinical signs and imaging findings. A multicentric analysis.

Objective: Leukemia is a group of malignant diseases involving peripheral blood and bone marrow. Extramedullary tumor manifestation in leukemia can also occur. They more often involve lymph nodes, skin, and bones.

Pulmonary embolism in oncologic patients: frequency and embolus burden of symptomatic and unsuspected events.

Background: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in oncologic patients. Furthermore, PE is an unsuspected finding in many cases.

Purpose: To determine the frequency and embolus burden of PE in a consecutive oncologic patient group including symptomatic as well as incidental and initially unreported events.

Intramammary metastases: comparison of mammographic and ultrasound features.

Purpose: To describe the mammographical and ultrasound features of IM, and to compare radiological patterns of IM arising from different malignancies.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective search in the statistical database of our institution from January 2000 to December 2009 revealed 51 cases of intramammary metastases from solid malignancies. Additionally, a retrospective search in the Pubmed database was performed.

Imaging of nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism: biological materials, nonbiological materials, and foreign bodies.

Nonthrombotic pulmonary embolism is defined as embolization to the pulmonary circulation caused by a wide range of substances of endogenous and exogenous biological and nonbiological origin and foreign bodies. It is an underestimated cause of acute and chronic embolism. Symptoms cover the entire spectrum from asymptomatic patients to sudden death.

Radio-opacity and incidental identified mechanical complications of totally implantable venous access devices placed in the chest.

Background: Totally implantable venous access devices (TIVAD) may be associated with different complications. Certain mechanical port disorders can easily be diagnosed on chest radiographs if the implanted systems are radiopaque and well visible. There are no reports regarding the visibility of TIVAD on chest X-rays.

Prevalence and imaging of hepatic involvement in malignant lymphoproliferative disease.

From January 2005 to January 2010, 668 consecutive patients with lymphoproliferative disease were retrospectively identified. Hepatic infiltration was present at initial staging in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma [12 of 364=3.3%; age median=45; male:female (M:F)=10:2] but also Hodgkin's disease (5 of 41=12.

Primary and secondary breast lymphoma: prevalence, clinical signs and radiological features.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, clinical signs and radiological features of breast lymphoma.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 36 patients with breast lymphoma (22 primary and 14 secondary). 35 patients were female and 1 was male; their median age was 65 years (range 24-88 years).

Prevalence and patterns of renal involvement in imaging of malignant lymphoproliferative diseases.

Background: Renal involvement in patients with lymphoproliferative disease is an uncommon radiological finding.

Purpose: To determine its prevalence and radiological appearances in a patient population.

Material And Methods: All forms of lymphoproliferative disease (ICD: C81-C96) were considered.

Intramammary incidental findings on staging computer tomography.

Purpose: Incidental findings are a common feature in computer tomographic examinations of the chest. Breast incidentalomas, however, were described only sporadically. The purpose of this study was to evaluate retrospectively incidental breast findings and to compare radiological features of benign and malignant breast lesions.

Late sequelae of retained foreign bodies after world war II missile injuries.

A number of people injured during the second world war harbour foreign bodies such as grenade splinters or bullets in some part of the body. Most of these metal fragments remain clinically silent. Some of them, however, may cause delayed complications.

Primary breast sarcoma: prevalence, clinical signs, and radiological features.

Background: Primary breast sarcoma is very rare. Most reports regarding sarcoma of the breast are clinical observations or pathological series and provide either no or inconstant radiological information. Radiological publications consist predominantly of isolated case reports or small series.

Metastases to the breast from non-mammary malignancies: primary tumors, prevalence, clinical signs, and radiological features.

Rationale And Objectives: Most secondary intramammary tumors occur as metastatic involvement from the contralateral breast. Breast metastases (BM) from nonmammary malignancies are very rare. The aims of this study were to estimate retrospectively the prevalence of BM from nonmammary malignancies and to describe their radiologic appearance.