Predicting the long-term course: Shunt surgery results in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus-a comprehensive study.

Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus is a neurological disorder primarily affecting the elderly. Shunt surgery is the gold standard treatment, yet long-term outcome remains poorly investigated, especially concerning neuropsychological performance, motor skills and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of shunting in iNPH patients up to three years post-surgery.

Epigenetic Characteristics in Primary and Recurrent Glioblastoma-Influence on the Clinical Course.

Objective: Epigenetic tumor characteristics are in focus for glioblastoma prognosis. This raises the question if these characteristics present with stable expression during the progression of the disease, and if potential temporal instability might influence their prognostic value.

Methods: A total of 44 patients suffering from glioblastoma who were treated for their primary and relapse tumors were included in the study.

60 Years of the 3Rs symposium: Lessons learned and the road ahead.

When The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique was published in 1959, authors William Russell and Rex Burch had a modest goal: to make researchers think about what they were doing in the laboratory – and to do it more humanely. Sixty years later, their groundbreaking book was celebrated for inspiring a revolution in science and launching a new field: The 3Rs of alternatives to animal experimentation. On November 22, 2019, some pioneering and leading scientists and researchers in the field gathered at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Bal­timore for the 60 Years of the 3Rs Symposium: Lessons Learned and the Road Ahead.

Inhibition of Carbohydrate Metabolism Potentiated by the Therapeutic Effects of Oxidative Phosphorylation Inhibitors in Colon Cancer Cells.

Cancer cells undergo a significant level of "metabolic reprogramming" or "remodeling" to ensure an adequate supply of ATP and "building blocks" for cell survival and to facilitate accelerated proliferation. Cancer cells preferentially use glycolysis for ATP production (the Warburg effect); however, cancer cells, including colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, also depend on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) for ATP production, a finding that suggests that both glycolysis and OXPHOS play significant roles in facilitating cancer progression and proliferation. Our prior studies identified a semisynthetic isoflavonoid, DBI-1, that served as an AMPK activator targeting mitochondrial complex I.

Professional Employment in Patients on Ventricular Assist Device Support-A National Multicenter Survey Study.

This study aimed to assess patients of working age returning to professional employment as a surrogate marker for functional recovery and psychosocial reintegration after ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation. A national, multicenter study considered professional employment and its relationship to sociodemographic, psychosocial, and clinical adverse outcomes in outpatients on VAD support. Patient-reported outcome measures were administered.

Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Ventricular Assist Device: Psychometric Evaluation of the German Version of the Quality of Life With a Ventricular Assist Device Questionnaire.

Background: Ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation has become an alternative treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. In Germany, valid and reliable instruments to assess health-related quality of life in patients with VAD are lacking.

Objective: The aim of this study was to present the psychometric validation of the German version of the Quality of Life with a Ventricular Assist Device questionnaire.

Disturbance in bodily experience following ventricular assist device implantation.

Background: Disturbance in bodily experience (BE) is a potential adverse consequence of ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation. The concept BE encompasses all cognitive and affective processes related to the subjective experience of one's own body.

Methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter study was performed, involving 365 VAD patients (85% male; time postimplant: 3-36 months).

Crizotinib induces Par-4 secretion from normal cells and GRP78 expression on the cancer cell surface for selective tumor growth inhibition.

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Lung cancer cells develop resistance to apoptosis by suppressing the secretion of the tumor suppressor Par-4 protein (also known as PAWR) and/or down-modulating the Par-4 receptor GRP78 on the cell surface (csGRP78). We sought to identify FDA-approved drugs that elevate csGRP78 on the surface of lung cancer cells and induce Par-4 secretion from the cancer cells and/or normal cells in order to inhibit cancer growth in an autocrine or paracrine manner.

In vitro tests to evaluate embryotoxicity and irritation of Chinese herbal medicine (Pentaherbs formulation) for atopic dermatitis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder and its prevalence is increasing in the last few decades. No treatment can cure the condition. Pregnancy often worsens the clinical manifestation.

Pluripotent stem cell assays: Modalities and applications for predictive developmental toxicity.

This manuscript provides a review focused on embryonic stem cell-based models and their place within the landscape of alternative developmental toxicity assays. Against the background of the principles of developmental toxicology, the wide diversity of alternative methods using pluripotent stem cells developed in this area over the past half century is reviewed. In order to provide an overview of available models, a systematic scoping review was conducted following a published protocol with inclusion criteria, which were applied to select the assays.

Diaminobutoxy-substituted Isoflavonoid (DBI-1) Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of GLUT1 Inhibitor BAY-876 by Modulating Metabolic Pathways in Colon Cancer Cells.

Cancer cells undergo significant "metabolic remodeling" to provide sufficient ATP to maintain cell survival and to promote rapid growth. In colorectal cancer cells, ATP is produced by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and by substantially elevated cytoplasmic glucose fermentation (i.e.

Motor skills, cognitive impairment, and quality of life in normal pressure hydrocephalus: early effects of shunt placement.

Background: Traditionally, clinical findings of normal pressure hydrocephalus are mainly characterized by the Hakim triad. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of patients suffering from idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) in a more holistic manner regarding motor skills, cognitive impairment, and quality of life.

Methods: In total, 30 individuals diagnosed with iNPH as well as a reference group with another 30 individuals were included.

Self-management for patients on ventricular assist device support: a national, multicentre study: protocol for a 3-phase study.

Introduction: Self-management (SM) may facilitate patient participation and involvement to become active and knowledgeable partners in the care of complex chronic conditions such as ventricular assist device (VAD) therapy. The 'SM model for patients on VAD support' will serve to distinguish between SM components, and will guide the development, implementation and evaluation of an evidence-based curriculum.

Methods And Analysis: This is a 3-phase, multicentre study.

Self-management with the therapeutic regimen in patients with ventricular assist device (VAD) support - a scoping review.

Background: Ventricular assist device (VAD) implantation has become an established treatment strategy for the increasing number of patients with advanced heart failure. Adequate patient self-management becomes essential to prevent adverse events, which could diminish expected outcomes and survival for patients on VAD support.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the current state of evidence concerning self-management in VAD patients through a systematized search and mapping of the literature.

Evaluation of in vitro embryotoxicity tests for Chinese herbal medicines.

Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) have been widely used during pregnancy, but feto-embryo safety tests are lacking. Here we evaluated in vitro embryotoxicity tests (IVTs) as alternative methods in assessing developmental toxicity of CHMs. Ten CHMs were selected and classified as strongly, weakly and non-embryotoxic.

Down syndrome: age-dependence of PiB binding in postmortem frontal cortex across the lifespan.

Beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposition in brain accumulates as a function of age in people with Down syndrome (DS) with subsequent development into Alzheimer disease neuropathology, typically by 40 years of age. In vivo imaging using the Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) ligand has facilitated studies linking Aβ, cognition, and dementia in DS. However, there are no studies of PiB binding across the lifespan in DS.