Comparing functional outcomes between 3D printed acetabular cups and traditional prosthetic implants in hip arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta analysis.

Objective: The primary research aim was to determine if the use of traditional or 3D printed prosthesis resulted in better functional outcome scores in hip arthroplasty.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted utilizing the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Six databases (PubMed, Embase, Scopus, WebOfScience, and Cochrane Library, Google Scholar) were searched yielding 1117 article titles and abstracts.

The impact of persistent organic pollutants on fertility: exposure to the environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin alters reproductive tract immune responses.

Exposure to environmental contaminants can result in profound effects on the host immune system. One class of environmental toxicants, known as dioxins, are persistent environmental contaminants termed "forever chemicals". The archetype toxicant from this group of chemicals is 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), an immunotoxicant that activates the aryl-hydrocarbon receptor pathway leading to a variety of changes in immune cell responses.

A Comparison of Functional Outcomes in Rotator Cuff Repairs Using Adjunctive Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate vs. Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate With Platelet-Rich Plasma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Regenerative medicine, specifically bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), has become a novel adjunct that orthopedic surgeons have started to use with surgical rotator cuff repairs (RCR). Thus, we are conducting this systematic review to determine if either RCRs with BMAC alone or with BMAC and PRP result in superior functional outcomes. We conducted a comprehensive search using five databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane.

Psychological Health and Wellness and the Impact of a Supportive Text Messaging Program (Wellness4MDs) Among Physicians and Medical Learners in Canada: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study.

Background: Burnout, anxiety, and depression continue to affect physicians, postgraduate medical trainees, and medical students globally and in Canada particularly after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The primary goal of this project is to design, implement, monitor, and evaluate a daily supportive SMS text messaging program (Wellness4MDs, Global Psychological e-Health Foundation). The program aims to reduce the prevalence and severity of burnout, anxiety, and depression symptoms among physicians, postgraduate medical trainees, and medical students in Canada.

Synthesis of a Phosphoethanolamine Cellulose Mimetic and Evaluation of Its Unanticipated Biofilm Modulating Properties.

When coordinating and adhering to a surface, microorganisms produce a biofilm matrix consisting of extracellular DNA, lipids, proteins, and polysaccharides that are intrinsic to the survival of bacterial communities. Indeed, bacteria produce a variety of structurally diverse polysaccharides that play integral roles in the emergence and maintenance of biofilms by providing structural rigidity, adhesion, and protection from environmental stressors. While the roles that polysaccharides play in biofilm dynamics have been described for several bacterial species, the difficulty in isolating homogeneous material has resulted in few structures being elucidated.

Does proactive care in care homes improve survival? A quality improvement project.

Background: NHS England's 'Enhanced Health in Care Homes' specification aims to make the healthcare of care home residents more proactive. Primary care networks (PCNs) are contracted to provide this, but approaches vary widely: challenges include frailty identification, multidisciplinary team (MDT) capability/capacity and how the process is structured and delivered.

Aim: To determine whether a proactive healthcare model could improve healthcare outcomes for care home residents.

Exploring the relationships between psychological variables and loot box engagement, part 2: exploratory analyses of complex relationships.

In a pre-registered survey linked to this paper (Exploring the relationships between psychological variables and loot box engagement, part 1: pre-registered hypotheses), we confirmed bivariate associations between engagement with loot boxes (purchasable randomized rewards in video games) and measures of problem gambling, problem video gaming, impulsivity, gambling cognitions, experiences of game-related 'flow', psychological distress and reduced wellbeing. However, these variables have complex relationships, so to gain further insights, we analysed the dataset (1495 gamers who purchase loot boxes and 1223 purchasers of non-randomized content) in a series of Bayesian mixed-effects multiple regressions with a zero-inflation component. The results challenge some well-established results in the literature, including associations between loot box engagement and problematic gambling measures, instead suggesting that this relationship might be underpinned by shared variance with problem video gaming and gambling-related cognitions.

Exploring the relationships between psychological variables and loot box engagement, part 1: pre-registered hypotheses.

Loot boxes are purchasable randomized rewards in video games that share structural and psychological similarities with gambling. Systematic review evidence has established reproducible associations between loot box purchasing and both problem gambling and problem video gaming, perhaps driven by a range of overlapping psychological processes (e.g.

Environmental Toxicant Exposure Paralyzes Human Placental Macrophage Responses to Microbial Threat.

Exposure to environmental toxicants (such as dioxins) has been epidemiologically linked to adverse reproductive health outcomes, including placental inflammation and preterm birth. However, the molecular underpinnings that govern these outcomes in gravid reproductive tissues remain largely unclear. Placental macrophages (also known as Hofbauer cells) are crucial innate immune cells that defend the gravid reproductive tract and help promote maternal-fetal tolerance.

The Utility of Human Milk Oligosaccharides against Group B Infections of Reproductive Tissues and Cognate Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.

Preterm birth affects nearly 10% of all pregnancies in the United States, with 40% of those due, in part, to infections. (Group B , GBS) is one of the most common perinatal pathogens responsible for these infections. Current therapeutic techniques aimed to ameliorate invasive GBS infections are less than desirable and can result in complications in both the neonate and the mother.

Longitudinal realist evaluation of the Dementia PersonAlised Care Team (D-PACT) intervention: protocol.

Background: Different dementia support roles exist but evidence is lacking on which aspects are best, for whom, and in what circumstances, and on their associated costs and benefits. Phase 1 of the Dementia PersonAlised Care Team programme (D-PACT) developed a post-diagnostic primary care-based intervention for people with dementia and their carers and assessed the feasibility of a trial.

Aim: Phase 2 of the programme aims to 1) refine the programme theory on how, when, and for whom the intervention works; and 2) evaluate its value and impact.

Anti-biofilm Activity of Human Milk Oligosaccharides in Clinical Strains of Streptococcus agalactiae with Diverse Capsular and Sequence Types.

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is an encapsulated Gram-positive bacterial pathogen that causes severe perinatal infections. Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are short-chain sugars that have recently been shown to possess antimicrobial and anti-biofilm activity against a variety of bacterial pathogens, including GBS. We have expanded these studies to demonstrate that HMOs can inhibit and dismantle biofilm in both invasive and colonizing strains of GBS.

CD4CD25 T regulatory cells in renal transplantation.

The immune response to an allograft activates lymphocytes with the capacity to cause rejection. Activation of CD4CD25Foxp3T regulatory cells (Treg) can down-regulate allograft rejection and can induce immune tolerance to the allograft. Treg represent <10% of peripheral CD4T cells and do not markedly increase in tolerant hosts.

Streptococcus agalactiae Is Required for Survival in Human Placental Macrophages and Full Virulence in a Model of Ascending Vaginal Infection during Pregnancy.

Streptococcus agalactiae, also known as group B Streptococcus (GBS), is a Gram-positive encapsulated bacterium that colonizes the gastrointestinal tract of 30 to 50% of humans. GBS causes invasive infection during pregnancy that can lead to chorioamnionitis, funisitis, preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM), preterm birth, neonatal sepsis, and maternal and fetal demise. Upon infecting the host, GBS encounters sentinel innate immune cells, such as macrophages, within reproductive tissues.

Ameliorating adverse perinatal outcomes with Lactoferrin: An intriguing chemotherapeutic intervention.

Adverse pregnancy outcomes affect 54 million people globally per year, with at least 50% of these attributed to infection during gestation. These include inflammation of the membranes surrounding the growing fetus (chorioamnionitis), preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM), preterm birth (PTB), early-onset disease (EOD) and late-onset disease (LOD), neonatal and maternal sepsis, and maternal or fetal demise. Although universal screening and implementation of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) has improved EOD outcomes, these interventions have not reduced the incidences of LOD or complications occurring early on during pregnancy such as PPROM and PTB.

Streptococcus agalactiae cadD alleviates metal stress and promotes intracellular survival in macrophages and ascending infection during pregnancy.

Perinatal infection with Streptococcus agalactiae, or Group B Streptococcus (GBS), is associated with preterm birth, neonatal sepsis, and stillbirth. Here, we study the interactions of GBS with macrophages, essential sentinel immune cells that defend the gravid reproductive tract. Transcriptional analyses of GBS-macrophage co-cultures reveal enhanced expression of a gene encoding a putative metal resistance determinant, cadD.