XENTURION is a population-level multidimensional resource of xenografts and tumoroids from metastatic colorectal cancer patients.

The breadth and depth at which cancer models are interrogated contribute to the successful clinical translation of drug discovery efforts. In colorectal cancer (CRC), model availability is limited by a dearth of large-scale collections of patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) and paired tumoroids from metastatic disease, where experimental therapies are typically tested. Here we introduce XENTURION, an open-science resource offering a platform of 128 PDX models from patients with metastatic CRC, along with matched PDX-derived tumoroids.

Randomized controlled trial of duration of analgesia following intravenous or rectal acetaminophen after adenotonsillectomy in children.

Background: Doses of acetaminophen 40 mg kg(-1) rectally and 15 mg kg(-1) i.v. produce similar effect-site concentrations.

Continuous positive airway pressure with modified helmet for treatment of hypoxemic acute respiratory failure in infants and a preschool population: a feasibility study.

Objective: To analyze the feasibility of using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) delivered via a modified helmet to treat children with hypoxemic acute respiratory failure.

Design: A single-center, prospective, clinical study.

Setting: Pediatric intensive care unit in a university hospital.

Postoperative sedation and analgesia after pediatric liver transplantation.

The goal of sedation in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) is to produce a calm and comfortable child, free from pain and discomfort. Children receiving liver transplantation need analgesics to control pain from surgical incisions, drains, vascular access, or endotracheal suctioning. Sedatives are used to facilitate the delivery of nursing care, to prevent self-extubation, and to facilitate mechanical ventilation.

Electrophysiological analysis of the hippocampal projections to the entorhinal area.

Responses evoked in the entorhinal area by impulse volleys originating in the ipsilateral hippocampus were analysed in the guinea-pig by means of field potential analysis. Perforant path volleys, synaptically elicited by stimulation of the dorsal psalterium of one side, were used to activate the hippocampal lamellar circuit of the same side and, through interhippocampal impulses, the hippocampal pyramidal neurons of the contralateral side. Discharge of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons was followed by a response, a fast negative deflection preceded and followed by slow waves, in the dorsal third of the ipsilateral entorhinal area.

Electrophysiological analysis of the dorsal hippocampal commissure projections to the entorhinal area.

Synaptic effects evoked in the entorhinal area by dorsal hippocampal commissure (dorsal psalterium) projections were analysed in anesthetized adult guinea-pigs by means of a field potential analysis. Stimuli applied to the caudal part of the dorsal psalterium evoked a complex response in the dorsal third of the entorhinal area. The early part of the entorhinal response consisted of a slow wave interrupted by a spike potential.

Interlamellar transfer of impulses in the hippocampal formation.

Functional relations between hippocampal lamellae, the modular units arranged in parallel in the hippocampal formation, were studied in the guinea pig in experiments of evoked field potential analysis. Perforant path volleys, synaptically elicited by stimulation of the dorsal hippocampal commissure, were used to activate the basic three-neuron lamellar circuit: dentate gyrus granule cells-CA3 pyramidal neurons-CA1 pyramidal neurons. After selective activation of the lamellae in the dorsal hippocampal formation, excitatory synaptic effects were observed in fields CA3 and CA1 of the more ventrally situated hippocampal segments.

[Dorso-ventral distribution of evoked responses in the entorhinal area and dentate gyrus by impulses conducted in fibers of the dorsal psalterium].

Impulse volleys elicited in fibers of the dorsal psalterium (PSD) evoke the sequential activation of perforant neurons of the entorhinal area and of dentate gyrus granule cells. In this research the dorso-ventral distribution of the perforant neuron response within the entorhinal area has been analyzed and compared with the distribution of the granule cell response in the dentate gyrus. The experiments were carried out in guinea pigs, anaesthetized, paralyzed, artificially ventilated and with PSD split on the midline.

Selective activation of field CA1-CA2 by perforant neurons discharging in response to hippocampal efferent volleys.

A long lasting evoked response, generated in the hippocampal field CA1-CA2 following postsynaptic sequential discharge of hippocampal pyramids and entorhinal neurons, has been analyzed by multiple simultaneous surface and depth recordings in the guinea pig dorsal hippocampal region. Results obtained suggest that it can be associated with postsynaptic excitatory potentials evoked in the distal portion of the apical dendrites of field CA1-CA2 pyramids by perforant neurons selectively discharged by impulses of hippocampal origin.

Activation of pyramidal neurons by intrinsic longitudinal connections in the hippocampus.

In the guinea pig, EPSPs and population spikes were found to be generated in the apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons of middle and ventral hippocampus, in response to dorsal hippocampal commissure (PSD) stimulation, without any involvement of dentate gyrus granule cells of corresponding segments. These long-latency synaptic effects were evoked only by repetitive (0.2-2.