Cold-driven strategies as pre-fermentative techniques on winemaking: A review.

As a pre-fermentative practice, cold may facilitate the extraction of grape compounds, resulting in differentiated wines. To explore the potential of these practices, extensive research has been conducted on scientific publications since 2004. There are four main ways to apply cold in pre-fermentative practices: ice wine production, berry freezing, cold maceration of grape must, and cryoconcentration of grape must.

An electronic warning system helps reduce the time to diagnosis of sepsis.

Objective: To describe the improvements of an early warning system for the identification of septic patients on the time to diagnosis, antibiotic delivery, and mortality.

Methods: This was an observational cohort study that describes the successive improvements made over a period of 10 years using an early warning system to detect sepsis, including systematic active manual surveillance, electronic alerts via a telephonist, and alerts sent directly to the mobile devices of nurses. For all periods, after an alert was triggered, early treatment was instituted according to the institutional sepsis guidelines.

Comorbidities Might Condition the Recovery of Quality of Life in Survivors of Sepsis.

Purpose:: To assess how preexisting disabling comorbidities (DC) affect the recovery rate of quality of life (QOL) over time in sepsis survivors.

Methods:: A prospective study was conducted on sepsis survivors who answered the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) 7 days after discharge from the intensive care unit. Subsequent interviews were held at 3, 6, and 12 months.

A managed protocol for treatment of deceased potential donors reduces the incidence of cardiac arrest before organ explant.

Objective: To assess the effect of the application of a managed protocol for the maintenance care of deceased potential multiple organ donors at two hospitals.

Methods: A before (Phase 1)/after (Phase 2) study conducted at two general hospitals, which included consecutively potential donors admitted to two intensive care units. In Phase 1 (16 months), the data were collected retrospectively, and the maintenance care measures of the potential donors were instituted by the intensivists.

[Accidents with children in the region of Campinas, Brazil].

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate prospectively the frequency and cause of accidents in children seen at the Pediatric Emergency Service of a University Hospital. The main aim is to subsidize the development of education and preventive programs.METHODS: Data of all children, less than 14 years old, from March 1997 to February 1998 were collected with a standard questionnaire.

Use of undiluted whole cow's milk is effective for the routine treatment of children with acute diarrhea and severe dehydration.

A comparison is made between two groups of children aged 1-24 months and admitted to a teaching University Hospital due to acute diarrhea and severe dehydration. One group (n = 119) received a diluted cow's milk formula and the other (n = 109) a full-strength formula. Duration of diarrhea was similar: In the group that received full-strength milk weight gain was greater during diarrhea (5.

Simultaneous measurements of chylomicron lipolysis and remnant removal using a doubly labeled artificial lipid emulsion: studies in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects.

An artificial chylomicron-like lipid emulsion doubly labeled with tri[(N)3H]oleoylglycerol ([3H]TO) and cholesteryl [1-14C]oleate ([14C]CO) was infused intravenously into human subjects with the purpose of simultaneously measuring the plasma disappearance rates (residence time, RT) of [14C]CO, which represents solely the splanchnic organ uptake of the remnant chylomicron core, and of [3H]TO, which combines the remnant disappearance with the shedding off of chylomicron triglycerides by the action of lipoprotein lipase. Thus, the fraction of the particle triglyceride content that is removed before the remnant is taken up is expressed as a delipidation index (DI = 1 - RT of [3H]TO/RT of [14C]CO. The present procedure has an advantage over the use of chylomicrons labeled with retinyl ester or radioactive triglycerides alone that represent, respectively, the chylomicron remnant or the whole particle metabolism only.

[Rapid intravenous rehydration in acute diarrhea].

With the use of oral rehydration, the need for the use of endovenous rehydration has decreased considerably. Albeit, the use is still necessary in severely dehydrated patients or when oral rehydration fails. Textbooks produced in developed countries recommend slow administration of fluids to correct dehydration in 12 to 24 hours.

Effects of simvastatin, bezafibrate and gemfibrozil on the quantity and composition of plasma lipoproteins.

Simvastatin, 10-40 mg/d (n = 11), bezafibrate, 600 mg/d (n = 6), and gemfibrozil, 1200 mg/d (n = 5) were administered for 12 weeks after a 4-week placebo period to subjects with initial plasma levels (mg/100 ml. mean +/- SD) of cholesterol (346 +/- 77), and of triglycerides (180 +/- 54). Total LDL-C plasma concentration was lowered 32% by simvastatin and 35% by bezafibrate, but only bezafibrate diminished the triglyceride (41%) and increased HDL-C plasma levels (35%).

[Oral rehydration--some current aspects].

Some findings in a recent study (1982), with metabolic balances, in five severely dehydrated infants (with weight above the 10th percentile) are commented. An oral solution, for maintenance was administered, after an initial intravenous infusion of half isotonic saline (100 cc/kg). The composition of the fluid was: Na 45 mEq/l, K 33 mEq/l, CL 78 mEq/l and glucose 2,8%.

[Oral rehydration in pediatrics].

A review of recent developments in the field of oral rehydration in pediatrics, is presented. To verify the viability of commercially available solution for oral rehydration, 4 available preparations were analysed. Small differences in electrolyte composition were observed but the preparations differed in osmolal content.

Treatment of diarrheal dehydration.

A regimen for the treatment of diarrheal dehydration is presented. It was devised for use in conditions found in developing countries. Application to large number of patients has been successful.

[Metabolism and effects of phosphorus in eutrophic infants dehydrated from diarrhea].

To verify whether there is a state of phosphate depletion in dehydrated infants with diarrhea and whether phosphate administration affects recovery from metabolic acidosis, two groups of infants were studied. All were males, from 1 to 7 months old, and in good nutritional state. The control group was treated with a standard regimen of I.