We cannot repeat history again: a call to action to centre indigenous leadership as we prepare for the next pandemic.

Indigenous communities worldwide continue to disproportionately bear the burden during pandemics due to ongoing health inequities and systemic exclusion from pandemic decision-making processes. As the global community prepares for the next pandemic, it is critical to prioritise Indigenous leadership and governance within public health responses. This commentary highlights successful models of Indigenous-led pandemic responses during COVID-19 in Canada and Australia.

Adaptation in adversity: innovative approaches to food security amidst COVID-19 in a remote First Nations community in Canada.

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated food insecurity issues in geographically isolated communities, including Fort Albany First Nation (FAFN). This research examines FAFN's adaptive strategies to improve food security, highlighting community resilience and leadership. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews with 20 community members who were involved in the pandemic response, either as members of the pandemic committee or as managers of community programs.

The acceptability of intimate partner violence screening and response among refugee women accessing Australian resettlement services.

Screening and response for intimate partner violence (IPV) is recommended for women in priority populations and is implemented in health services across diverse jurisdictions. Most women experiencing IPV strongly support screening, however this is untested with refugee women in resettlement contexts. Around one third of refugee women in Australia experience IPV and face multiple post-migration challenges.

Retaining peers in the behavioral health workforce: Factors associated with peer recovery support specialists intent to remain or leave current position.

Objective: Peer recovery support specialists (PRSS) are essential members of the behavioral health workforce. While factors contributing to PRSS job satisfaction and burnout have been examined, less is understood about why PRSS consider leaving or remaining in their roles. This study sought to identify personal, professional, and organizational factors related to PRSS' intentions to leave their current position.

Responsibilities of Medical Professionals Amidst Geopolitical Conflict.

The ethical responsibilities of healthcare professionals amidst geopolitical conflict, particularly regarding their impact on patient care and healthcare delivery, present a significant challenge, especially during current strife. With the rise of national and international discord and debate, and the close relationship between war and healthcare, healthcare organizations are increasingly pressured to comment, which can reflect societal engagement, but also pose demands for maintaining professionalism. This article discusses the need for healthcare practitioners to navigate their roles in advocacy without compromising patient care, emphasizing the importance of self-reflection, adherence to ethical standards, and effective communication.

Evaluation of the impact of artificial intelligence-assisted image interpretation on the diagnostic performance of clinicians in identifying pneumothoraces on plain chest X-ray: a multi-case multi-reader study.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted image interpretation is a fast-developing area of clinical innovation. Most research to date has focused on the performance of AI-assisted algorithms in comparison with that of radiologists rather than evaluating the algorithms' impact on the clinicians who often undertake initial image interpretation in routine clinical practice. This study assessed the impact of AI-assisted image interpretation on the diagnostic performance of frontline acute care clinicians for the detection of pneumothoraces (PTX).

Inflammatory Response and Defects on Myelin Integrity in the Olfactory System of K18hACE2 Mice Infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Viruses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), use respiratory epithelial cells as an entry point for infection. Within the nasal cavity, the olfactory epithelium (OE) is particularly sensitive to infections which may lead to olfactory dysfunction. In patients suffering from coronavirus disease 2019, deficits in olfaction have been characterized as a distinctive symptom.

Specification, validation, and adherence of quality indicators to optimize the safe use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for knee osteoarthritis pain in the primary care setting.

Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used for osteoarthritis (OA) in primary care may cause gastrointestinal or renal injury. This study estimated adherence to two quality indicators (QIs) to optimize NSAID safety: add proton pump inhibitors (PPI) to NSAIDs for patients with gastrointestinal (GI) risk (QI #1 NSAID-PPI) and avoid oral NSAIDs in chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage G4 or G5 (QI #2 NSAID-CKD).

Methods: This retrospective study included index primary care clinic visits for knee OA at our health system in 2019.

Hypnosis in the treatment of retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction: A case report.

Retrograde cricopharyngeus dysfunction (R-CPD) causes an inability to belch. This case report describes the successful treatment of R-CPD with the use of hypnosis. Thereafter, the patient was able to burp small amounts of air, and was encouraged to continue his use of hypnosis as needed.

Predictors of transportation-related barriers to healthcare access in a North American suburb.

Aim: To identify predictors of transportation-related barriers to healthcare access in a North American suburb.

Subject And Methods: Data from the 2022 Scarborough Survey were used, comprising n = 528 adults living in Scarborough, which is a subu View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Reduced rates of pneumonia after implementation of an electronic checklist for the management of patients with multiple rib fractures at a Level One Trauma Center.

Background: Traumatic rib fractures are associated with increased morbidity and mortality, with complications including pneumothorax, difficult to control pain, and pneumonia. Use of a bundled, multi-disciplinary approach to the care of patients with multiple rib fractures has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigate the implementation of a checklist for the multidisciplinary management of patients with multiple rib fractures who present to an urban, level 1 trauma center and safety-net hospital.

Associations of low-carbohydrate diets with breast cancer survival.

Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of low-carbohydrate diets after breast cancer diagnosis in relation to breast cancer-specific and all-cause mortality.

Methods: For 9621 women with stage I-III breast cancer from two ongoing cohort studies, the Nurses' Health Study and Nurses' Health Study II, overall low-carbohydrate, animal-rich low-carbohydrate, and plant-rich low-carbohydrate diet scores were calculated by using food frequency questionnaires collected after breast cancer diagnosis.

Results: Participants were followed up for a median 12.

A comparison of postpartum opioid consumption and opioid discharge prescriptions among opioid-naïve patients and those with opioid use disorder.

Background: Management of patients with opioid use disorder during the acute postpartum period remains clinically challenging as obstetricians aim to mitigate postdelivery pain while optimizing recovery support.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate postpartum opioid consumption and opioids prescribed at discharge among patients with opioid use disorder treated with methadone, buprenorphine, and no medication for opioid use disorder, as compared with opioid-naïve counterparts.

Study Design: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of pregnant patients who underwent delivery at >20 weeks' gestation at a tertiary academic hospital between May 2014 and April 2020.

Getting back to normal? Identity and role disruptions among adults with Long COVID.

Long COVID is a novel chronic illness with a variety of symptoms that people who have labelled themselves 'long-haulers' experience for an extended duration following a COVID-19 infection. We draw on in-depth interviews conducted in March-April 2021 with 20 working-aged adults in the U.S.

Efficacy of mirror therapy on lower limb motor recovery, balance and gait in subacute and chronic stroke: A systematic review.

Objective: Mirror therapy (MT) has been proposed to be an effective therapeutic regimen for lower limb stroke rehabilitation. This review is the first to evaluate the efficacy of MT in subacute and chronic stroke for lower-limb motor functions, balance and gait focusing on particular stage of stroke with specific outcome measures.

Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines, all relevant sources were searched from 2005 to 2020 using "PIOD" framework.

α-Synuclein Pathology and Reduced Neurogenesis in the Olfactory System Affect Olfaction in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by multiple symptoms including olfactory dysfunction, whose underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we explored pathologic changes in the olfactory pathway of transgenic (Tg) mice of both sexes expressing the human A30P mutant α-synuclein (α-syn; α-syn-Tg mice) at 6-7 and 12-14 months of age, representing early and late-stages of motor progression, respectively. α-Syn-Tg mice at late stages exhibited olfactory behavioral deficits, which correlated with severe α-syn pathology in projection neurons (PNs) of the olfactory pathway.

Implementation and Use of Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies Programs in Practice: A Scoping Review of the Literature.

Background: Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) programs intend to improve medication safety but can add significant administrative burdens to providers and health systems. Various stakeholders have made efforts to use technology to improve REMS programs.

Objectives: The objective of this scoping review is to describe studies evaluating workflows, automation, or electronic data exchange related to REMS programs.

The role of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteraemia: A systematic review.

Objectives: Bacteraemia is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. [18F]FDG-PET/CT is increasingly used to detect infectious metastatic foci, however there remains international variation in its use. We performed a systematic review assessing the impact of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in adult inpatients with gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteraemia.

Support amid uncertainty: Long COVID illness experiences and the role of online communities.

Long COVID is characterized by persistent and debilitating long-term symptoms from COVID-19. Many persons with Long COVID began gathering in online communities during the early phases of the pandemic to share their illness experiences. This qualitative interview study explored the subjective experiences of 20 persons with Long COVID recruited from five online communities.