Group differences in biographical inventories: A meta-analysis on the adverse impact potential of biodata.

The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to determine if biodata scale scores differ based on demographic group membership (i.e., gender, race, age) and to evaluate the contextual factors that amplify or mitigate these effects (e.

Total Synthesis and Structural Reassignment of the Antitubercular Natural Product Evybactin.

The escalating threat posed by antibiotic resistance is a global concern and underscores the need for new antibiotics. In this context, the recent discovery of evybactin, a nonribosomal depsipeptide antibiotic that selectively and potently inhibits the growth of M. tuberculosis, is particularly noteworthy.

Are We Enhancing Recovery After Neonatal Surgery? Assessment of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Principles for Ostomy Takedown.

Introduction: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) guidelines in adults have demonstrated reduced complications, length of stay, and cost. However, neonatal ERAS studies are limited and translation of adult ERAS guidelines to neonates is challenging. Furthermore, the knowledge, perception, and practice of neonatal ERAS guidelines is largely unknown.

Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis and Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation Lead to Severe Growth Failure in Infants.

Objective: We aimed to determine the incidence of growth failure in infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) and whether initial laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage (PD) impacted the likelihood of growth failure.

Summary Background Data: Infants with surgical NEC and SIP have high mortality, and most have neurodevelopmental impairment and poor growth. Existing literature on growth outcomes for these infants is limited.

Bioengineering of Intestinal Grafts.

Intestinal failure manifests as an impaired capacity of the intestine to sufficiently absorb vital nutrients and electrolytes essential for growth and well-being in pediatric and adult populations. Although parenteral nutrition remains the mainstay therapeutic approach, the pursuit of a definitive and curative strategy, such as regenerative medicine, is imperative. Substantial advancements in the field of engineered intestinal tissues present a promising avenue for addressing intestinal failure; nevertheless, extensive research is still necessary for effective translation from experimental benchwork to clinical bedside applications.

Infant and adult human intestinal enteroids are morphologically and functionally distinct.

Unlabelled: Human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) are gaining recognition as physiologically relevant models of the intestinal epithelium. While HIEs from adults are used extensively in biomedical research, few studies have used HIEs from infants. Considering the dramatic developmental changes that occur during infancy, it is important to establish models that represent infant intestinal characteristics and physiological responses.

The Role of Sports Club Participation on Stability of Motor Performance and Body Composition: A Longitudinal Study in Primary School Children.

Methods: MP and BC of 295 children (161 girls) with a mean age of 8.42 ± 0.36 years were measured annually with the German Motor Test 6-18.

Insights into Human Norovirus Cultivation in Human Intestinal Enteroids.

Unlabelled: Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are a significant cause of epidemic and sporadic acute gastroenteritis worldwide. The lack of a reproducible culture system hindered the study of HuNoV replication and pathogenesis for almost a half-century. This barrier was overcome with our successful cultivation of multiple HuNoV strains in human intestinal enteroids (HIEs), which has significantly advanced HuNoV research.

Modulating mycobacterial envelope integrity for antibiotic synergy with benzothiazoles.

Developing effective tuberculosis drugs is hindered by mycobacteria's intrinsic antibiotic resistance because of their impermeable cell envelope. Using benzothiazole compounds, we aimed to increase mycobacterial cell envelope permeability and weaken the defenses of , serving as a model for Initial hit, BT-08, significantly boosted ethidium bromide uptake, indicating enhanced membrane permeability. It also demonstrated efficacy in the -zebrafish embryo infection model and -infected macrophages.

Vitamin B uptake across the mycobacterial outer membrane is influenced by membrane permeability in .

Vitamin B (B) serves as a critical cofactor within mycobacterial metabolism. While some pathogenic strains can synthesize B , others rely on host-acquired B. In this investigation, we studied the transport of vitamin B in using B-auxotrophic and B-sensitive strains by deleting or , respectively.

Diving into drug-screening: zebrafish embryos as an in vivo platform for antimicrobial drug discovery and assessment.

The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria underlines the need for innovative treatments, yet the introduction of new drugs has stagnated despite numerous antimicrobial discoveries. A major hurdle is a poor correlation between promising in vitro data and in vivo efficacy in animal models, which is essential for clinical development. Early in vivo testing is hindered by the expense and complexity of existing animal models.

Comparison of two formulations of intravenous lipid emulsions in pediatric intestinal failure.

Purpose: The effect of different types of lipid emulsion may guide therapy of patients with intestinal failure (IF) to limit morbidity such as intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of pediatric patients with IF who received soybean oil lipid emulsion (SL) or mixed oil lipid emulsion (ML) was performed. Data over 1 year were collected.

Meta-analytical estimates of interrater reliability for direct supervisor performance ratings: Optimism under optimal measurement designs.

Performance appraisal (PA) is used for various organizational purposes and is vital to human resources practices. Despite this, current estimates of PA reliability are low, leading to decades of criticism regarding the use of PA in organizational contexts. In this article, we argue that current meta-analytical interrater reliability (IRR) coefficients are underestimates and do not reflect the reliability of interest to most practitioners and researchers-the reliability of an employee's direct supervisor.

PET imaging of microglia using PBR28suv determines therapeutic efficacy of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells therapy in traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results in activated microglia. Activated microglia can be measured in vivo by using positron emission topography (PET) ligand peripheral benzodiazepine receptor standardized uptake values (PBR28suv). Cell based therapies have utilized autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) to attenuate activated microglia after TBI.

Comparing forced-choice and single-stimulus personality scores on a level playing field: A meta-analysis of psychometric properties and susceptibility to faking.

Forced-choice (FC) personality assessments have shown potential in mitigating the effects of faking. Yet despite increased attention and usage, there exist gaps in understanding the psychometric properties of FC assessments, and particularly when compared to traditional single-stimulus (SS) measures. The present study conducted a series of meta-analyses comparing the psychometric properties of FC and SS assessments after placing them on an equal playing field-by restricting to only studies that examined matched assessments of each format, and thus, avoiding the extraneous confound of using comparisons from different contexts (Sackett, 2021).

Infant and Adult Human Intestinal Enteroids are Morphologically and Functionally Distinct.

Background & Aims: Human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) are gaining recognition as physiologically relevant models of the intestinal epithelium. While HIEs from adults are used extensively in biomedical research, few studies have used HIEs from infants. Considering the dramatic developmental changes that occur during infancy, it is important to establish models that represent infant intestinal characteristics and physiological responses.

Dysregulation of ESX-5 Secretion by Novel 1,2,4-oxadiazoles.

The ESX-5 secretion system is essential for the viability and virulence of slow-growing pathogenic mycobacterial species. In this study, we identified a 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivative as a putative effector of the ESX-5 secretion system. We confirmed that this 1,2,4-oxadiazole and several newly synthesized derivatives inhibited the ESX-5-dependent secretion of active lipase LipY by ().

Trust and compliance: Milieu-specific differences in social cohesion during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.

As a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, an increase in social cohesion was observed during the first wave and its aftermath. A closer look reveals heterogeneous responses regarding aspects of cohesion-such as trust in others and compliance with containment measures-that differ by individual socioeconomic and cultural characteristics. How these characteristics affect social cohesion in combination is rarely investigated.

Turning words into numbers: Assessing work attitudes using natural language processing.

Researchers and practitioners are often interested in assessing employee attitudes and work perceptions. Although such perceptions are typically measured using Likert surveys or some other closed-end numerical rating format, many organizations also have access to large amounts of qualitative employee data. For example, open-ended comments from employee surveys allow workers to provide rich and contextualized perspectives about work.

Regenerative medicine technologies applied to transplant medicine. An update.

Regenerative medicine (RM) is changing how we think and practice transplant medicine. In regenerative medicine, the aim is to develop and employ methods to regenerate, restore or replace damaged/diseased tissues or organs. Regenerative medicine investigates using tools such as novel technologies or techniques, extracellular vesicles, cell-based therapies, and tissue-engineered constructs to design effective patient-specific treatments.

Investigation of murine host sex as a biological variable in epithelial barrier function and muscle contractility in human intestinal organoids.

Intestinal failure (IF) occurs when intestinal surface area or function is not sufficient to support digestion and nutrient absorption. Human intestinal organoid (HIO)-derived tissue-engineered intestine is a potential cure for IF. Research to date has demonstrated successful HIO transplantation (tHIO) into mice with significant in vivo maturation.

Using game-like animations of geometric shapes to simulate social interactions: An evaluation of group score differences.

This study introduces a novel, game-like method for measuring social intelligence: the Social Shapes Test. Unlike other existing video or game-based tests, the Shapes Test uses animations of abstract shapes to represent social interactions. We explore demographic differences in Shapes Test scores compared to a written situational judgment test.