Differential Fuel Requirements of Human NK Cells and Human CD8 T Cells: Glutamine Regulates Glucose Uptake in Strongly Activated CD8 T Cells.

CD8 T cells and NK cells are the two major cytotoxic lymphocytes that carry out cell-mediated immunity and regulate other immune responses. However, we do not completely understand human CD8 T cell and NK cell metabolic requirements and they have not been compared in the same experiments. We activated human CD8 T cells by two anti-CD3/CD28 mAb methods, and we stimulated both CD8 T cells and NK cells with IL-12/IL-18.

Health-related quality of life of mothers of very low birth weight children at the age of five: results from the Newborn Lung Project Statewide Cohort Study.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in mothers of 5-year-old very low birth weight (VLBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) children, with a focus on the role of stress.

Methods: This cohort study is ancillary to the Newborn Lung Project. A telephone interview collected information on symptoms of stress and HRQoL from 297 mothers of VLBW children and 290 mothers of NBW children who were enrolled in the Newborn Lung Project Statewide Cohort Study.

Poor prepregnancy and antepartum mental health predicts postpartum mental health problems among US women: a nationally representative population-based study.

Purpose: Mental health problems disproportionately affect women, particularly during the childbearing years. However, there is a paucity of research on the determinants of postpartum mental health problems using representative US populations. Taking a life course perspective, we determined the potential risk factors for postpartum mental health problems, with a particular focus on the role of mental health before and during pregnancy.

TV nurses: promoting a positive image of nursing?

It's understood that medical dramas are meant to entertain, not serve as documentaries. Nevertheless, media-driven messages are powerful, influencing the culture and collective mindset. This article evaluates current images of nurses in the media and challenges nurses to engage in professional and public service designed to promote a positive media and public image of nursing.

The prevalence and determinants of antepartum mental health problems among women in the USA: a nationally representative population-based study.

Mental health problems disproportionately affect women, particularly during childbearing years. We sought to estimate the prevalence of antepartum mental health problems and determine potential risk factors in a representative USA population. We examined data on 3,051 pregnant women from 11 panels of the 1996-2006 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey.

Stress-mediated quality of life outcomes in parents of childhood cancer and brain tumor survivors: a case-control study.

Purpose: To determine if caring for a child with cancer or a brain tumor affects parental health and mental health and if and to what extent stress mediates the relationship between case status and parental quality of life.

Methods: In person interviewer-assisted surveys were administered to 74 case dyads (children diagnosed with cancer or a brain tumor and their parents) and 129 control dyads (children without health problems and their parents from a community sample) to assess health-related quality of life and perceived levels of stress.

Results: Parents of children with cancer or a brain tumor had significantly worse health-related quality of life, including worse overall mental health.

Child visitation policy and practice for maternity units.

Purpose: : To examine policies and practices related to sibling and child visitation within southeastern U.S. hospital-based maternity units.

School nurses and teachers: attitudes regarding inclusion of breastfeeding education in school curricula.

School nurses and middle and high school teachers (N = 107) participated in a survey that explored their attitudes and behaviors related to the inclusion of breastfeeding content to highlight the scientific and exceptional health advantages of breastfeeding and to promote a breastfeeding culture. Although some participants believed that breastfeeding content should not be part of school curriculum, the vast majority (86.9%) agreed that the benefits of breastfeeding should be taught to high school students; and over half (57.

College students' experiences and attitudes regarding middle and high school-based breastfeeding education.

This study examined the attitudes and experiences of male and female college students relative to breastfeeding education within middle and high school programs of study. Findings revealed that 36.7% of the participants were taught about breastfeeding while enrolled in a specific course in high school; 11.

Nursing theory and knowledge development: a descriptive review of doctoral dissertations, 2000-2004.

Within the profession of nursing, nursing theory, conceptual models, and knowledge development continue to be points of discussion and debate. Some suggest that nursing research must either test or develop nursing theory, whereas others believe that research germane to practice can legitimately incorporate what is commonly referred to as borrowed theory. This descriptive analysis of nursing doctoral dissertations (N = 207) conducted from 2000 to 2004 focused primarily on the inclusion or exclusion of nursing theories.

Childbirth and Breastfeeding Over Three Decades: One Mother's Story.

This article describes one mother's selected childbirth and breastfeeding experiences that transpired over the span of three decades. Her story is a source of inspiration and encouragement for breastfeeding mothers and health-care professionals who provide maternity care for today's childbearing women. Furthermore, this personal account reveals that, although breastfeeding support and childbirth services have improved over the past 30 years, more needs to be done to promote positive birth experiences and breastfeeding outcomes.

Policies and practices for maternal support options during childbirth and breastfeeding initiation after cesarean in southeastern hospitals.

Objective: To describe policies, practices, and associated rationales of hospital obstetric units regarding mothers' support person options during childbirth and to explore practices concerning support of breastfeeding initiation after cesarean delivery.

Design: Descriptive telephone survey.

Setting: Hospitals in the southeastern region of the United States.

Breastfeeding behaviors and experiences of adolescent mothers.

Purpose: : To examine the breastfeeding experiences and related behaviors of adolescent mothers after discharge from the hospital.

Study Design And Methods: : Descriptive telephone survey with both open-and closed-ended questions. Outcome variables included breastfeeding experiences and infant feeding practices.

Baccalaureate nursing students' breastfeeding knowledge: a descriptive survey.

This descriptive survey study assessed the breastfeeding knowledge of junior and senior baccalaureate nursing students (N=80) who had successfully completed their obstetric nursing course. With a possible perfect knowledge score of 100, participants' scores ranged from 35 to 85 with a sample mean score of 60. Surprisingly, most (85%) did not know that breastfeeding is recommended for the first year of an infant's life, and only five participants knew the proper management of mastitis.