The effect of autoimmune skin disorders on post-operative outcomes following arthroplasty.

Introduction: The impact of autoimmune skin disorders on post-operative outcomes after TJA is conflicting and studies are limited by small sample sizes. The purpose of this study is to analyze a range of common autoimmune skin disorders and identify whether an increased risk of post-operative complication exists after total joint arthroplasty.

Methods: Data was collected from NIS database for patients diagnosed with autoimmune skin disorder (psoriasis, lupus, scleroderma, atopic dermatitis) and who underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA), total knee arthroplasty (TKA), or other TJA (shoulder elbow, wrist, ankle) between 2016 and 2019.

The Nutritional Status of HIV-Infected US Adults.

Nutrition is critical to HIV mortality and morbidity. Improved treatment modalities have increased life expectancy of HIV-infected individuals. More than 1 million US adults are living with HIV, but little is known about their nutritional status.

Validation of a Dietary Screening Tool in a Middle-Aged Appalachian Population.

Proactive nutrition screening is an effective public health strategy for identifying and targeting individuals who could benefit from making dietary improvements for primary and secondary prevention of disease. The Dietary Screening Tool (DST) was developed and validated to assess nutritional risk among rural older adults. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility and validity of the DST to identify nutritional risk in middle-aged adults.

Poor Dietary Guidelines Compliance among Low-Income Women Eligible for Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed).

The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program-Education (SNAP-Ed) program aims to improve nutritional intakes of low-income individuals (<185% poverty threshold). The objective of this study was to describe the compliance with Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) recommendations for fruits, vegetables, and whole grains among SNAP-Ed eligible ( = 3142) and ineligible ( = 3168) adult women (19-70 years) nationwide and SNAP-Ed participating women in Indiana ( = 2623), using the NHANES 2007-2012 and Indiana SNAP-Ed survey data, respectively. Sensitivity analysis further stratified women by race/ethnicity and by current SNAP participation (<130% poverty threshold).

Discrepancy between Knowledge and Perceptions of Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake Compared with the Omega-3 Index.

Little is known about the relationship between perceptions of nutrient adequacy and biomarkers of nutrition status. This cross-sectional study of U.S.

Total Usual Intake of Shortfall Nutrients Varies With Poverty Among US Adults.

Objective: To examine shortfall nutrient intakes (ie, calcium, folate, potassium, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E) by poverty-to-income ratio (PIR).

Design: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2012, a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey.

Participants: US adults with complete data on poverty status and diet were included (n = 4,524).

Correspondence of folate dietary intake and biomarker data.

Public health concerns with regard to both low and high folate status exist in the United States. Recent publications have questioned the utility of self-reported dietary intake data in research and monitoring. The purpose of this analysis was to examine the relation between self-reported folate intakes and folate status biomarkers and to evaluate their usefulness for several types of applications.

Racecadotril in the Management of Rotavirus and Non-rotavirus Diarrhea in Under-five Children: Two Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trials.

Objective: To study the effect of racecadotril on reduction in the duration of acute rotavirus and non-rotavirus diarrhea.

Design: Two randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trials.

Setting: Community-based trial in an urban area in Vellore, hospital-based trial at a secondary hospital in Vellore.

Nutrition in Cardioskeletal Health.

Bone and heart health are linked through a variety of cellular, endocrine, and metabolic mechanisms, including the bidirectional effects of mineral-regulating hormones parathyroid hormone and fibroblast growth factor 23. Nutrition plays an important role in the development of both cardiovascular and bone disease. This review describes current knowledge on the relations between the cardiovascular system and bone and the influence of key nutrients involved in mineral metabolism-calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorus-on heart and bone health, as well as the racial/ethnic differences in cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis and the influence that nutrition has on these disparities.

Estimating Sodium and Potassium Intakes and Their Ratio in the American Diet: Data from the 2011-2012 NHANES.

Background: The dietary sodium-to-potassium ratio (Na:K) is shown to be more strongly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD-related mortality than either sodium or potassium intake alone.

Objective: The aim was to estimate the Na:K in the diet of US adults.

Methods: Among US adults from the 2011-2012 NHANES (≥20 y; 2393 men and 2337 women), the National Cancer Institute method was used to estimate sodium and potassium intakes, Na:K, and the percentage of individuals with Na:K <1.

Toxicity and clinical outcomes in patients with HIV on zidovudine and tenofovir based regimens: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Adverse drug reactions are a major concern with zidovudine/stavudine treatment regimens. The less toxic tenofovir regimen is an alternative, but is seldom considered due to the higher costs. This study compared adverse drug reactions and other clinical outcomes resulting from the use of these two treatment regimens in India.

Cost estimation of first-line antiretroviral therapy with zidovudine/stavudine as the nucleoside backbone in India: a pilot study.

Background: In India, a zidovudine-based regimen is preferred as the first-line drug treatment for HIV, despite high rates of drug toxicity. This study estimates the treatment costs for HIV.

Methods: Eligible patients were enrolled from Antiretroviral Therapy Center, Christian Medical College, India.