Dengue virus and Zika virus alter endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites to regulate respiration and apoptosis.

During infection, dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV), two (ortho)flaviviruses of public health concern worldwide, induce alterations of mitochondria morphology to favor viral replication, suggesting a viral co-opting of mitochondria functions. Here, we performed an extensive transmission electron microscopy-based quantitative analysis to demonstrate that both DENV and ZIKV alter endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria contact sites (ERMC). This correlated at the molecular level with an impairment of ERMC tethering protein complexes located at the surface of both organelles.

Trend and Factors Associated with Medical-Surgical Complications in Patients Discharged from Leprosy Multidrug Therapy at the Specialized Regional Hospital in Macenta, Guinea, from 2012 to 2021.

This study analyzed the trend and factors associated with medical-surgical complications in patients discharged from leprosy multidrug therapy at the Centre Hospitalier Régional Spécialisé (CHRS), in Macenta, Republic of Guinea. This was a retro 2012 ( = 54) and 2013 ( = 35) and then a slight decrease between 2014 ( = 34) and 2017 ( = 26). From 2019 ( = 18) to 2021 ( = 1), a significant d spective study using routine secondary data from 2012 to 2021.

Bacteriology testing and antimicrobial resistance detection capacity of national tiered laboratory networks in sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis from 14 countries.

Background: Accurate detection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) depends on adequate laboratory capacity. We aimed to document key weaknesses hindering AMR detection at various tiers of laboratory networks in 14 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, and analyse their significance in AMR surveillance and policies.

Methods: In this analysis, we obtained retrospective data on AMR and antimicrobial consumption from 14 countries participating in the Mapping Antimicrobial Resistance and Antimicrobial Use Partnership between May 1, 2019, and June 30, 2020.

A zebrafish-based in vivo model of Zika virus infection unveils alterations of the glutamatergic neuronal development and NS4A as a key viral determinant of neuropathogenesis.

Infection of pregnant women by Zika virus (ZIKV) is associated with severe neurodevelopmental defects in newborns through poorly defined mechanisms. Here, we established a zebrafish in vivo model of ZIKV infection to circumvent limitations of existing mammalian models. Leveraging the unique tractability of this system, we gained unprecedented access to the ZIKV-infected brain at early developmental stages.

Factors influencing the decision of Nigerian optometry students to work in rural areas upon graduation: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: Access to eye care in rural Nigeria remains limited, as most optometrists work in urban areas. This study explores the factors influencing Nigerian optometry students' decision to work in rural settings after graduation.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 400 optometry students from ten accredited Nigerian universities.

Zika virus remodels and hijacks IGF2BP2 ribonucleoprotein complex to promote viral replication organelle biogenesis.

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection causes significant human disease that, with no approved treatment or vaccine, constitutes a major public health concern. Its life cycle entirely relies on the cytoplasmic fate of the viral RNA genome (vRNA) through a fine-tuned equilibrium between vRNA translation, replication, and packaging into new virions, all within virus-induced replication organelles (vROs). In this study, with an RNA interference (RNAi) mini-screening and subsequent functional characterization, we have identified insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IGF2BP2) as a new host dependency factor that regulates vRNA synthesis.

Evaluation of waning of IgG antibody responses after rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP and Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola virus disease vaccines: a modelling study from the PREVAC randomized trial.

rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP and Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo are WHO-prequalified vaccination regimens against Ebola virus disease (EVD). Challenges associated with measuring long-term clinical protection warrant the evaluation of immune response kinetics after vaccination.

Insights into perceptions, responses, and challenges experienced by women and girls' survivors of sexual violence and their communities in rural Guinea, 2020.

Introduction: Gender-based violence (GBV), particularly sexual violence, is a significant global public health issue with severe physical, psychological, and social consequences for survivors and their communities, especially among women and girls. In Guinea, limited data exist on the frequency and management of sexual violence in rural areas. This study aimed to analyze the perceptions, responses, and challenges faced by women and girls' survivors of sexual violence and their communities in two rural districts of Guinea in 2020.

Outbreak of severe acute respiratory infections caused by recombinant human adenovirus type B 7/3 in hospitalized infants from a nursery in Dakar, April 2024.

Objectives: Acute respiratory infections are among the leading cause of mortality in children under 5 years of age worldwide, with most of these deaths due to bronchiolitis and pneumonia. We investigated and analyzed a pediatric outbreak of acute respiratory infections that resulted in the hospitalization of four infants in a nursery in Dakar in late April 2024.

Methods: Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from infants and tested for a panel of respiratory pathogens by multiplex real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.

, two new edible species from eastern North America discovered by truffle-hunting dogs.

Ectomycorrhizal fungi in the genus form hypogeous fruiting bodies called truffles. Many species are highly prized due to their edible and aromatic ascomata. Historically, there has been attention on cultivating and selling European truffle species, but there is growing interest in cultivating, wild-harvesting, and selling species of truffles endemic to North America.

Preoperative mortality risk evaluation in abdominal surgical emergencies: development and internal validation of the NDAR score from a national multicenter audit in Senegal.

Introduction: Abdominal surgical emergencies have a high mortality rate. Effective management primarily relies on the early identification of patients at high risk of postoperative complications. The objective of our study was to determine the prognostic factors associated with poor outcomes from abdominal surgical emergencies in Senegal and to establish a predictive score for mortality for preoperative risk evaluation (NDAR (New Death Assessment Risk) score).

Diversity of Chemsex Experiences among Men Who Have Sex with Men: Results from the French ANRS PaacX Study Using Q-Methodology.

Chemsex is mostly approached through the prism of risk-taking, neglecting the pleasure and social linking dimensions. However, feedback from the field and few studies highlights a diversity of chemsex practices and relationships to chemsex (RtC). Using Q-methodology, we identified the main RtC and their divergences and convergences, to help develop tailored prevention and care programs.

State of the maternal healthcare continuum in Guinea, awaiting the next Demographic and Health Survey: the case of the five communes of Conakry in 2022.

Background: The continuum of maternal health care ensures consistency in the delivery of care from pregnancy to the postnatal period. It recommends a minimum of 4 antenatal visits, skilled birth attendance, and 42 days of postnatal care. This approach helps reduce maternal deaths.

Determinants of timely administration of the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine in Senegal in 2019: Secondary analysis of the demographic and health survey.

In developing countries, hepatitis B is spread primarily by the perinatal or horizontal route. Thus, the Senegalese government recommends administering the birth dose of the hepatitis B vaccine (HepB0) within 24 hours of birth. The objective was to identify the determinants of timely administration of HepB0 in Senegal in 2019.

Optimization of the vertical transmission prevention program in Guinea: impact of the improvement plan on performance indicators at large-cohort sites.

Introduction: Vertical transmission of HIV remains a major challenge in Guinea, especially, in low-resource rural areas. This paper presents the results of a pilot project designed to enhance the prevention of vertical transmission through a comprehensive improvement plan implemented across 66 large-cohort sites.

Methods: Data from 66 large-cohort of mother to child transmission prevention (PMTCT) sites from 2019 to 2022 were analysed to compare PMTCT metrics before (2019-2020) and after (2021-2022) the improvement initiative.

Impact of eccentric cycling in coronary rehabilitation program: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial versus conventional rehabilitation.

Background: This randomized controlled trial examined the feasibility of adding eccentric exercise to a conventional cardiac rehabilitation program (CCRP) for coronary heart disease patients.

Methods: Ninety-three patients were randomly assigned to either the MIX group (eccentric ergometer + CCRP) or the CON group (concentric ergometer + CCRP) for 7 weeks. Training effectiveness was assessed based on "good responders" showing improved functional capacities, such as 6-minute walk test (6MWT) distance and maximal voluntary contraction of the plantar flexors (ankle MVC).

Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in the ECOWAS Region: Setting the Scene for Critical Interventions Needed.

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant challenge to public health globally, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. AMR surveillance involves the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data on the occurrence and distribution of AMR in humans, animals, and the environment for action. The West African Health Organization, part of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), is committed to addressing AMR in the region.

Management of patients with high C-reactive protein levels after elective colorectal surgery: Pilot study on a proactive diagnostic and therapeutic approach (GESPACE).

Study Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and benefit of a diagnostic and therapeutic algorithm for management of patients presenting with a high C-reactive protein (CRP) level after colorectal surgery.

Patients And Methods: Prospective study including patients with CRP>125mg/L at the 4th postoperative day following elective colorectal surgery. The protocol involved CT-scan of which the results were to orient subsequent management: antibiotics, radiological drainage, endoscopy or surgical redo.

Prevalence, risks factors, and control of hypertension in Guinean older adults in 2021: a cross-sectional survey.

Background: The incidence of arterial hypertension increases with the aging of the population, but its magnitude remains insufficiently assessed. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hypertension and associated factors in elderly people in Guinea.

Methods: Data were obtained from a cross-sectional general population survey, conducted among people aged ≥ 60 years.