Corrigendum to "Retrospective review of seven patients with obesity simultaneously treated with a combination of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and a meal replacement product" [Obesity Pillars 12C (2024) 100138].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.

Taxonomy of the Rhampholeon boulengeri Complex (Sauria: Chamaeleonidae): Five New Species from Central Africa's Albertine Rift.

In a recent molecular study, the pygmy chameleon Rhampholeon boulengeri Steindachner, 1911 was shown to contain six genetically distinct, but phenotypically cryptic lineages. Phylogenetic analyses of genetic data demonstrated that several well-supported clades occurred in non-overlapping elevational ranges across the Albertine Rift in Central Africa. In order to resolve the taxonomy of the R.

Retrospective review of seven patients with obesity simultaneously treated with a combination of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist and a meal replacement product.

Background: The use of meal replacement products (MRPs) to obtain a caloric deficit while maintaining micro- and macronutrient requirements, has a long tradition in obesity medicine. Limitations include low compliance, variability in efficacy, adverse events (related to acute changes in nutrient intake), and risk of weight regain when discontinued, and their popularity has declined after the emergence of potent GLP-1 receptor analogues (GLP1-RAs). However, GLP-1RAs have limitations, including dose-dependent risk for adverse events (AEs), high cost, as well as weight regain when discontinued.

The future is bright: artificial intelligence for trainee medical officers in Australia and New Zealand.

Given their frontline role in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ) healthcare, trainee medical officers (TMOs) will play a crucial role in the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) for clinical care, ongoing medical education and research. As 'digital natives', particularly those with technical expertise in AI, TMOs should also be leaders in informing the safe uptake and governance of AI within ANZ healthcare as they have a practical understanding of its associated risks and benefits. However, this is only possible if a culture of broad collaboration is instilled while the use of AI in ANZ is still in its initial phase.

Construction of the Views oN Infant Sleep (VNIS) Questionnaire.

Parents' beliefs about infant sleep behaviour vary over time and across cultures. No validated instrument exists to understand parents' pre- and postnatal views on infant sleep behaviours, which may influence their caregiving decisions. The Views oN Infant Sleep Questionnaire (VNIS) will be a tool to assess parents' beliefs in order to facilitate tailored perinatal care, increase the reliability of postnatal self-report measures, allow for cross-cultural comparisons, and provide a baseline for researchers to use in longitudinal studies.

Biological effects of diesel exhaust inhalation. III cardiovascular function.

Objective: Inhalation of diesel exhaust (DE) has been shown to be an occupational hazard in the transportation, mining, and gas and oil industries. DE also contributes to air pollution, and therefore, is a health hazard to the general public. Because of its effects on human health, changes have been made to diesel engines to reduce both the amounts of particulate matter and volatile fumes they generate.

Structure-Based Discovery of Potent, Orally Bioavailable Benzoxazepinone-Based WD Repeat Domain 5 Inhibitors.

The chromatin-associated protein WDR5 (WD repeat domain 5) is an essential cofactor for MYC and a conserved regulator of ribosome protein gene transcription. It is also a high-profile target for anti-cancer drug discovery, with proposed utility against both solid and hematological malignancies. We have previously discovered potent dihydroisoquinolinone-based WDR5 WIN-site inhibitors with demonstrated efficacy and safety in animal models.

Structure-based discovery of potent WD repeat domain 5 inhibitors that demonstrate efficacy and safety in preclinical animal models.

WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) is a core scaffolding component of many multiprotein complexes that perform a variety of critical chromatin-centric processes in the nucleus. WDR5 is a component of the mixed lineage leukemia MLL/SET complex and localizes MYC to chromatin at tumor-critical target genes. As a part of these complexes, WDR5 plays a role in sustaining oncogenesis in a variety of human cancers that are often associated with poor prognoses.

Discovery of Potent Orally Bioavailable WD Repeat Domain 5 (WDR5) Inhibitors Using a Pharmacophore-Based Optimization.

WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) is a nuclear scaffolding protein that forms many biologically important multiprotein complexes. The WIN site of WDR5 represents a promising pharmacological target in a variety of human cancers. Here, we describe the optimization of our initial WDR5 WIN-site inhibitor using a structure-guided pharmacophore-based convergent strategy to improve its druglike properties and pharmacokinetic profile.

Complex Contagion Features without Social Reinforcement in a Model of Social Information Flow.

Contagion models are a primary lens through which we understand the spread of information over social networks. However, simple contagion models cannot reproduce the complex features observed in real-world data, leading to research on more complicated complex contagion models. A noted feature of complex contagion is social reinforcement that individuals require multiple exposures to information before they begin to spread it themselves.

Using NMR Spectroscopy To Measure Protein Binding Capacity on Gold Nanoparticles.

A simple one-dimensional H NMR experiment that quantifies protein bound to gold nanoparticles has been developed for upper-division biochemistry and physical chemistry students. This laboratory experiment teaches the basics of NMR techniques, which is a highly effective tool in protein studies and supports students to understand the concepts of NMR spectroscopy and nanoparticle-protein interactions. Understanding the interactions of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with biological macromolecules is becoming increasingly important as interest in the clinical use of nanoparticles has been on the rise.

How the Avengers assemble: Ecological modelling of effective cast sizes for movies.

The number of characters in a movie is an important feature. However, it is non-trivial to measure directly, for example naive metrics such as the number of credited characters vary wildly. Here, we show that a metric based on the notion of ecological diversity as expressed through a Shannon-entropy based metric can characterise the number of characters in a movie, and is useful in taxonomic classification.

Open access in the critical care environment.

Open access has become an important topic in critical care over the last 3 years. In the past, critical care had restricted access and set visitation guidelines to protect patients. This article provides a review of the literature related to open access in the critical care environment, including the impact on patients, families, and health care providers.

Rats eat a cafeteria-style diet to excess but eat smaller amounts and less frequently when tested with chow.

Background: Obesity is associated with excessive consumption of palatable, energy dense foods. The present study used an animal model to examine feeding patterns during exposure to and withdrawal from these foods.

Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to standard lab chow only (Chow rats) or a range of cafeteria-style foods eaten by people (Caf rats).

Extended exposure to a palatable cafeteria diet alters gene expression in brain regions implicated in reward, and withdrawal from this diet alters gene expression in brain regions associated with stress.

Like people, rodents exposed to energy-rich foods over-eat and become overweight. Removal of this diet activates stress systems, which may explain why people have difficulty dieting. We exposed rats to energy-rich foods in order to identify changes in the brain induced by that diet and by its removal.

Experimental hyperleptinemia in neonatal rats leads to selective leptin responsiveness, hypertension, and altered myocardial function.

The prevalence of obesity among pregnant women is increasing. Evidence from human cohort studies and experimental animals suggests that offspring cardiovascular and metabolic function is compromised through early life exposure to maternal obesity. Previously, we reported that juvenile offspring of obese rats develop sympathetically mediated hypertension associated with neonatal hyperleptinemia.

Metabolic parameters and emotionality are little affected in G-protein coupled receptor 12 (Gpr12) mutant mice.

Background: G-protein coupled receptors (GPR) bear the potential to serve as yet unidentified drug targets for psychiatric and metabolic disorders. GPR12 is of major interest given its putative role in metabolic function and its unique brain distribution, which suggests a role in emotionality and affect. We tested Gpr12 deficient mice in a series of metabolic and behavioural tests and subjected them to a well-established high-fat diet feeding protocol.

Neurological and stress related effects of shifting obese rats from a palatable diet to chow and lean rats from chow to a palatable diet.

Rats exposed to an energy rich, cafeteria diet overeat and become obese. The present experiment examined the neural and behavioural effects of shifting obese rats from this diet to chow and lean rats from chow to the cafeteria diet. Two groups of male Sprague Dawley rats (n=24) were fed either highly palatable cafeteria diet or regular chow (30% vs.

Coronary artery bypass surgery.

Coronary artery bypass surgery has taken many strides to become the effective intervention it is today. Although it has been the gold standard for cardiac revascularization for a number of years, the future of health care and technology will cause this standard to be morphed into a kinder, gentler approach that leads to even better quality outcomes and quality of life than is now expected. Research has been and will continue to be a focus in cardiovascular medicine and will only help further validate or dispute what is best for patients while challenging surgeons to become even more knowledgeable and skilled in the various treatment modalities.

Diet high in oat β-glucan activates the gut-hypothalamic (PYY₃₋₃₆-NPY) axis and increases satiety in diet-induced obesity in mice.

This study tested the effects of (1→3),(1→4) β-D-glucan from oats, on activation of the gut-hypothalamic (PYY₃₋₃₆-NPY) axis, satiety, and weight loss in diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice. DIO mice were fed standard lab chow diets or varied doses of β-glucan for 6 weeks. Energy intake, satiety, body weight changes and peptide Y-Y₃₋₃₆ (PYY₃₋₃₆) were measured together with a satiety test and measurement of neuropeptide Y (NPY) mRNA expression in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc).

The effect of variable waveform low-intensity pulsed ultrasound in a fourth metacarpal osteotomy gap model in horses.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of variable waveform low-intensity ultrasound on the healing of a fracture gap of the fourth metacarpal bone in horses. A randomized, blinded, controlled trial was conducted in eight healthy adult horses. In each horse, a 1-cm osteotomy of the fourth metacarpal bone was created.

High-fat diet decreases tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression irrespective of obesity susceptibility in mice.

Tyrosine hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of dopamine, a key neurotransmitter in the regulation of food intake. This study examined tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in obese mice fed a high-fat diet. After 8 week feeding of high-fat diet mice were classified as diet-induced obese and obese-resistant according to body weight gain.