Associations Between Movement Behaviors, Cognition, and Academic Achievement in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This systematic review summarizes the literature on the associations between movement behaviors (eg, sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity [PA]) and cognition, and academic achievement (AA) in children and adolescents.

Methods: Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus) were searched from inception until October 2023.

Results: This systematic review included 24 reports, representing 48,558 youth aged 6-17.

Determinants of physical activities in settings (DE-PASS): Approach for selecting the core measures for determinants of physical activity behaviours in 9-12 old children.

In large transdisciplinary research teams finding the balance between using the most appropriate and needed measures for data collection and minimising participant burden is often a significant challenge. This paper aims to describe the development process for selecting a set of determinants of physical activity behaviours in 9-12 years old children. An internal small group ( = 8) worked iteratively with an external large group of experts and stakeholders ( = 30-50) in three steps: 1) External input - Identification through expert opinion; 2) Internal input - Identification and selection via a systematized approach; 3) External validation of the selected measures.

Sleep duration and cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents: Longitudinal analysis from the LabMed study.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate longitudinal associations between sleep duration and cardiorespiratory fitness, in adolescents.

Methods: Sleep duration was self-reported and cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed by the 20 m shuttle run test, both at baseline and follow-up (2-year follow-up). Participants were 734 Northern Portuguese adolescents (349 girls), aged 14.

COVID-19 Social Restrictions' Impact on the Health-Related Physical Fitness of the Police Cadets.

We aim to examine the changes in health-related physical fitness components, before and after COVID-19 social restrictions, in Police Academy cadets by age, sex, and physical activity (PA) level. A longitudinal analysis of 156 cadets (29.5% women) aged 25.

Discrepancies Between Self-reported and Objectively Measured Smartphone Screen Time: Before and During Lockdown.

Screen time shows higher health risks compared to other types of sedentary behaviors. A lockdown may simultaneously increase screen time, reduce physical activity (PA), and change time perception. Our goal was to compare self-reported against objectively measured smartphone screen time (SST) in a sample of active and inactive Portuguese adults before and during a social lockdown.

Questionnaires Measuring 24-Hour Movement Behaviors in Childhood and Adolescence: Content Description and Measurement Properties-A Systematic Review.

Background: We aim to systematically review the literature on measurement properties of self- and proxy-reported questionnaires measuring 24-hour movement behaviors in children and adolescents.

Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and EMBASE were searched until June 2021. Studies were included if the sample size for validity studies had 50 participants (minimum) and included, at least, both validity and test-retest reliability results of questionnaires.

Associations of sleep characteristics with cognitive and gross motor development in toddlers.

Objective: To examine cross-sectional associations of sleep characteristics (duration, consolidation, timing, variability) with cognitive and gross motor development in toddlers.

Methods: Participants were 205 toddlers (19.6 ± 4.

Questionnaires measuring movement behaviours in adults and older adults: Content description and measurement properties. A systematic review.

Background: Sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity are constituent parts of a 24h period and there are several questionnaires to measure these movement behaviours, the objective was to systematically review the literature on content and measurement properties of self- and proxy-reported questionnaires measuring movement behaviours in adults and older adults.

Methods: The databases PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched until April 2021. Articles were included if: the questionnaires were design for adults and older adults; the sample size for validity studies had at least 50 participants; at least, both validity and test-retest reliability results of questionnaire that were developed specifically to measure the amount of sleep, sedentary behaviour or physical activity, or their combination were reported; and articles had to be written in English, Spanish, French, Portuguese, German, Italian or Chinese.

Systematic Review of the Relationships between 24-Hour Movement Behaviours and Health Indicators in School-Aged Children from Arab-Speaking Countries.

The Australian and Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children and youth synthesized studies in English and French or other languages (if able to be translated with Google translate) and found very few studies published in English from Arabic countries that examined the relationship between objectively measured sedentary behaviour (SB), sleep and physical activity (PA) and health indicators in children aged 5-12 years. The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the relationships between 24-hour movement behaviours and health indicators in school-aged children from Arab-speaking countries. Online databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, SPORTdiscus, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Scopus were searched for English, French and Arabic studies (written in English), while Saudi Digital Library, ArabBase, HumanIndex, KSUP, Pan-Arab Academic Journal, e-Marefa, Al Manhal eLibrary and Google Scholar were searched for Arabic studies.

Longitudinal differences in levels and bouts of sedentary time by different day types among Australian toddlers and pre-schoolers.

The aim of the present study was to characterize sedentary time (ST) and sedentary bouts among young children, across a typical week and by day type (childcare days, non-childcare days and weekends), over a 12-month period.ST % (ST/accelerometer wear time*100) and number of sedentary bouts/hours were assessed using accelerometers at two time-points 12-months apart in 153 toddlers and 74 pre-schoolers. Differences between baseline and follow-up according to the whole week and the different day types were calculated using linear mixed models with adjustment for age, sex, socio-economic status and zBMI.

Prevalence, patterns and socio-demographic correlates of sleep duration in adolescents: results from the LabMed study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to report the prevalence of adequate sleep and the correlates of sleep duration in Portuguese adolescents aged 12-18 years.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis with 1017 adolescents (471 girls) aged 14.6 ± 1.

Objectively Measured Sedentary Levels and Bouts by Day Type in Australian Young Children.

Background: This study aimed to understand whether a higher number of sedentary bouts (SED bouts) and higher levels of sedentary time (SED time) occur according to different day types (childcare days, nonchildcare weekdays, and weekends) in Australian toddlers (1-2.99 y) and preschoolers (3-5.99 y).

A Narrative Review of Motor Competence in Children and Adolescents: What We Know and What We Need to Find Out.

Lack of physical activity is a global public health problem causing not only morbidity and premature mortality, but it is also a major economic burden worldwide. One of the cornerstones of a physically active lifestyle is Motor Competence (MC). MC is a complex biocultural attribute and therefore, its study requires a multi-sectoral, multi-, inter- and transdisciplinary approach.

Sedentary time and blood pressure in Australian toddlers: The get-up study longitudinal results.

Epidemiological data suggests that the genesis of cardiovascular disease occurs during childhood. Sedentary time (ST) is a main driver of high blood pressure (BP) in adolescents and adults. However, associations between ST and cardiovascular health in young children are uncertain.

The Get-Up! study: adiposity and blood pressure in Australian toddlers.

Background: Because the elevated blood pressure (BP) in childhood is strongly associated with overweight and is a risk factor for later cardiovascular disease, a need to comprehend the early development of BP and its association with overweight is needed. We assessed differences of BP by weight status in Australian toddlers.

Methods: From the Get-Up! Study in Australia, this sample included 265 toddlers (136 boys), aged 19.

Correlates of Sleep Duration in Early Childhood: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to summarize correlates of sleep duration in children under 5 years of age.

Methods: Six electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, and Scopus) were searched from inception to May 2019. Observational studies and intervention studies reporting cross-sectional results from baseline data were considered.

Correlates of sedentary time in young children: A systematic review.

Young children appear to spend large portions of their waking time being sedentary. Understanding the correlates of sedentary time would assist in developing effective interventions among young children. The purpose of this systematic review was to summarize the current literature on the correlates of objectively measured sedentary time in young children aged 1-5.

Systematic review on retinal microvasculature, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and adiposity in children and adolescents.

Aim: As retinal microvasculature (RMV) can be assessed non-invasively, it presents an opportunity to examine the health and disease of the human microcirculation, as RMV alterations have been recognised as one of the earliest signs of cardiovascular risk. This review summarises current literature on the associations between physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and/or adiposity and RMV in children and adolescents aged 0-18 years.

Methods: Six databases were searched (MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO and CINAHL), through to December 11, 2019.

Childcare Physical Activity Interventions: A Discussion of Similarities and Differences and Trends, Issues, and Recommendations.

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings have a pivotal role in the promotion of physical activity for young children, and thus, the number of ECEC-based physical activity interventions has exponentially increased in the last two decades. The aim of this study was three-fold: (1) to discuss some of the similarities and differences in ECEC-based physical activity interventions, (2) to highlight current trends and issues in the ECEC sector relating to such interventions, and (3) to provide recommendations for future interventions. Twenty-four individual studies are discussed.

Association of Dairy Product Consumption with Metabolic and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the LabMed Study.

This study aimed to investigate the association between dairy product consumption and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in Portuguese adolescents, and whether the association differed by weight status. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the school year 2011/2012 with 412 Portuguese adolescents (52.4% girls) in 7th and 10th grade (aged 12 to 18 years old).

The Associations Between Environmental Characteristics of Early Childhood Education and Care Centers and 1-Year Change in Toddlers' Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior.

Background: This study examined the associations between environmental characteristics of early childhood education and care (ECEC) centers and 1-year change in toddlers' physical activity and sedentary behavior while at the centers.

Methods: Data from 292 toddlers from the GET-UP! study were analyzed. Environmental characteristics of ECEC centers were rated using the Infant/Toddler Environment Rating Scale-revised edition at baseline.

Concurrent validity of the ActiGraph GT3X+ and activPAL for assessing sedentary behaviour in 2-3-year-old children under free-living conditions.

Objectives: ActiGraph accelerometer cut-points are commonly used to classify sedentary behaviour (SB) in young children. However, they vary from 5counts/5s to 301counts/15s, resulting in different estimates and inconsistent findings. The aim was to examine the concurrent validity of ActiGraph GT3X+cut-points against the activPAL for measuring SB in 2-3-year-olds during free-living conditions.

The cross-sectional and prospective associations between sleep characteristics and adiposity in toddlers: Results from the GET UP! Study.

Background: The associations between sleep characteristics and adiposity in children under three years are not fully understood yet.

Objective: The objective of the study is to examine the cross-sectional and prospective associations between sleep characteristics and adiposity in toddlers over a 12-month period.

Methods: Participants were 202 toddlers from the GET-UP!

Study: Sleep duration, sleep timing, and sleep variability were assessed using 24-hour accelerometry for seven consecutive days.