Modulation of the hepatic malonyl-CoA-carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A partnership creates a metabolic switch allowing oxidation of de novo fatty acids.

Liver mitochondrial beta-oxidation of LCFAs (long-chain fatty acids) is tightly regulated through inhibition of CPT1A (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A) by malonyl-CoA, an intermediate of lipogenesis stimulated by glucose and insulin. Moreover, CPT1A sensitivity to malonyl-CoA inhibition varies markedly depending on the physiopathological state of the animal. In the present study, we asked whether an increase in CPT1A activity solely or in association with a decreased malonyl-CoA sensitivity could, even in the presence of high glucose and insulin concentrations, maintain a sustained LCFA beta-oxidation and/or protect from triacylglycerol (triglyceride) accumulation in hepatocytes.

Efficacy and safety of a new testosterone-in-adhesive matrix patch applied every 2 days for 1 year to hypogonadal men.

Objectives: To study long-term efficacy and safety of a testosterone-in-adhesive matrix patch, delivering 4.8 mg of testosterone daily.

Methods: Randomized, open label, multicenter 1-year study.

Blood concentration of milnacipran in a case of a fatal automobile accident.

A fatal automobile accident involving milnacipran and ethyl alcohol is reported. The drug was identified and quantitated in blood by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection. The concentration of milnacipran in peripheral blood was 3.

In vitro study of low-frequency ultrasound-enhanced transdermal transport of fentanyl and caffeine across human and hairless rat skin.

The effect of low-frequency sonophoresis on fentanyl and caffeine permeation through human and hairless rat skin was studied in vitro. Experiments were performed using 20 kHz ultrasound applied at either continuous or discontinuous mode and with an average intensity of 2.5 W/cm(2).

Toxicological analysis of sulpiride in a lethal poisoning case.

A fatality following ingestion of sulpiride is presented. The drug was identified and quantitated in postmortem blood by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection. The concentration was 38 microg/mL, which was in excess of 34 times the therapeutic concentration of sulpiride.

Gastrointestinal scintigraphy with 99mTc-DTPA labeled tablets in fed and fasting subjects.

The in vitro and in vivo dissolution of a sustained release theophylline formulation labeled with 99mTc-diethyltriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) has been monitored in six subjects with a scintillation camera. The study was performed in fasting conditions and was repeated after ingestion of a standardized meal. Results showed that the presence of food in the stomach dramatically increased the oesoduodenal transit time of the tablet (74 +/- 27 min vs 352 +/- 77 min, P less than 0.

Dissolution rate and transit times of technetium-99m DTPA-labeled tablets.

In this study we demonstrate that the dissolution rate and gastroduodeno-cecal transit time of radiolabeled tablets of theophylline can be determined in vivo using technetium-99m (99mTc). Six healthy male volunteers ingested a tablet containing 300 mg of theophylline mixed with 3.7 MBq of [99mTc]DTPA.