Use of adhesive cranial bone flap fixation without hardware to improve mechanical strength, resist cerebrospinal fluid leakage, and maintain anatomical alignment: a laboratory study.

Objective: Titanium plates and screws (TPS) are the current standard of care for fixation of cranial bone flaps. These materials have been used for decades but have known potential complications, including flap migration, bone resorption/incomplete osseous union, hardware protrusion, cosmetic deformity, wound infection/dehiscence, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. This study evaluated the efficacy of a novel mineral-organic bone adhesive (Tetranite) for cranial bone flap fixation.

Does bone penetration of cement differ by cement type and application time-point?

Intrusion of cement into bone is often considered an indirect indicator for implant stability in cemented joint replacement procedures. However, the influence of cement type (different viscosities/manufacturers) and application time-point on penetration of cements continues to be debated. This study aimed to quantify the effect of cement type and application time-point on the depth of penetration using porcine tibial specimens.

Evaluation of pull-off strength and seating displacement of sleeved ceramic revision heads in modular hip arthroplasty.

Corrosion in revision total hip arthroplasty can be mitigated using a ceramic head on a well-fixed in situ stem, but concerns of their early failure because of any surface defects on in situ stem necessitates the use of a titanium sleeve, which furnishes a factory-finish surface. These sleeves are manufactured in different sizes allowing neck-length adjustment. The strength of the taper junction of non-sleeved primary heads is well-investigated, but the influence of an interposed titanium sleeve on achieving a secure taper lock is unclear.

Lever-Out Resistance of Constrained Hip Liners is Sensitive to Changes in Opening Radius and Liner Design.

The constrained liner is an important tool for the treatment of recurrent dislocation, which continues to represent an important challenge in total hip arthroplasty. In constrained liner design, there is a tradeoff between dislocation resistance and range of motion. However, studies investigating their sensitivity to design parameters are scant.

Influence of bone microstructure on the mechanical properties of skull cortical bone - A combined experimental and computational approach.

The strength and compliance of the dense cortical layers of the human skull have been examined since the beginning of the 20th century with the wide range in the observed mechanical properties attributed to natural biological variance. Since this variance may be explained by the difference in structural arrangement of bone tissue, micro-computed tomography (µCT) was used in conjunction with mechanical testing to study the relationship between the microstructure of human skull cortical coupons and their mechanical response. Ninety-seven bone samples were machined from the cortical tables of the calvaria of ten fresh post mortem human surrogates and tested in dynamic tension until failure.

Variation of bone layer thicknesses and trabecular volume fraction in the adult male human calvarium.

The human calvarium is a sandwich structure with two dense layers of cortical bone separated by porous cancellous bone. The variation of the three dimensional geometry, including the layer thicknesses and the volume fraction of the cancellous layer across the population, is unavailable in the current literature. This information is of particular importance to mathematical models of the human head used to simulate mechanical response.