Janus Kinase Inhibitor Therapy and Risk of Age-Related Macular Degeneration in Autoimmune Disease.

Importance: The involvement of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) opens therapeutic possibilities to AMD management.

Objective: To determine whether Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) are associated with a reduced risk of AMD development in patients with autoimmune diseases.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This retrospective observational cohort study used administrative claims data from Merative MarketScan research databases (Commercial and Medicare Supplemental) and Optum Clinformatics Data Mart databases between January 1, 2010, and January 31, 2022.

Case Series: Mixed Infectious Keratitis by Pythium insidiosum and Fungal Species.

Significance: This case series is the first to illustrate mixed infection from Pythium sp. and fungal species in corneal ulcer.

Purpose: This case series aimed to alert all toward the possibility of both Pythium sp.

Probabilistic Forecasting of Anti-VEGF Treatment Frequency in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To probabilistically forecast needed anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment frequency using volumetric spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) biomarkers in neovascular age-related macular degeneration from real-world settings.

Methods: SD-OCT volume scans were segmented with a custom deep-learning-based analysis pipeline. Retinal thickness and reflectivity values were extracted for the central and the four inner Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) subfields for six retinal layers (inner retina, outer nuclear layer, inner segments [IS], outer segments [OS], retinal pigment epithelium-drusen complex [RPEDC] and the choroid).