Connecting the dots: Exploring the relationship between menstrual hygiene and bacterial vaginosis in eastern India.

Introduction: Menstruation is a normal physiological event that takes place in a rhythmic fashion during the reproductive period of a woman. Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) practices differ and depend on the individual's socioeconomic status, local traditions and beliefs, and access to water and sanitation resources. Insufficient and incorrect information regarding menstruation and lack of knowledge and awareness leads to poor personal hygienic practices, which further leads to many infections.

Production of biodiesel from waste fish fat through ultrasound-assisted transesterification using petro-diesel as cosolvent and optimization of process parameters using response surface methodology.

Biodiesel is a highly promising and viable alternative to fossil-based diesel that also addresses the urgent need for effective waste management. It can be synthesized by the chemical modification of triglycerides sourced from vegetable origin, animal fat, or algal oil. The transesterification reaction is the preferred method of producing biodiesel.

Increasing NO level regulates apoptosis and inflammation in macrophages after 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulphide challenge.

Generation of nitric oxide (NO) in cellular compartments acts in a redox-dependent manner to counteract oxidative stress either by directly acting as an antioxidant through scavenging superoxide anions (O), to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-) or acting as a signaling molecule, altering gene expression that triggers various physiological processes. However, the molecular mechanisms of macrophage activation and NO production leads to apoptosis and inflammation after 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulphide (CEES) exposure remains unclear. We showed that CEES exposure in macrophages increased the O production.