Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease of Undetermined Aetiology (CKDu) in a Tertiary Care Public Hospital in North India.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease of undetermined aetiology (CKDu) is an important public health problem. Indian data are mostly based on studies from rural regions in south and east India. We examined the burden and profile of CKDu in patients attending a tertiary care hospital in north India.

Gender and kidney transplantation.

Kidney transplantation provides the best form of kidney replacement therapy with improvement in quality of life and longevity. However, disparity exists in its availability, utilisation and outcomes, not only due to donor availability or financial constraints but also arising from the influence of biological sex and its sociocultural attribute i.e.

Significance of genetic analysis in adult patients with inherited chronic kidney disease.

Genetic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is an important but underestimated cause of inherited proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adults. We discuss a case of familial CKD due to inverted formin 2 () gene mutation, where three siblings had disparate phenotypic presentations ranging from CKD with subnephrotic proteinuria to nephrotic-range proteinuria with collapsing FSGS on kidney biopsy over a period of 8 years. The youngest sibling was the index case.

A single nucleotide substitution in intron 3 generated the novel HLA-A*11:01:01:68 allele.

HLA-A*11:01:01:68 differs from HLA-A*11:01:01:01 by one nucleotide change in intron 3 at position 1474 (G > A).

One nucleotide substitution in the 3'UTR generated the novel allele HLA-B*40:01:02:47 in a North Indian individual.

HLA-B*40:01:02:47 differs from HLA-B*40:01:02:01 by one nucleotide change in the 3'UTR at position 2739 (A>T).

Characterization of the novel HLA-B*15:05:01:02 allele by sequence-based typing.

HLA-B*15:05:01:02 differs from HLA-B*15:05:01:01 by one nucleotide change in intron 2 at position 517 (C > A).

Clinical Practice Patterns in IgA Nephropathy: A Global Questionnaire-Based Survey.

Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) displays ethnic differences in disease phenotype. We aimed to examine how this common disease is managed worldwide.

Methods: An online 2-step questionnaire-based survey was conducted among nephrologists globally focusing on various management strategies used in IgAN.

Clinical Profile of Nonproteinuric Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetic Patients in India.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the commonest cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) across the world. Development of microalbuminuria is the earliest marker of DKD and predicts progressive decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). However, recent evidence has suggested that a significant proportion of type 2 diabetic patients have chronic kidney disease (CKD) without proteinuria.

Falsely elevated anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies in patients with immunoproliferative small intestinal diseases: A case series.

Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) is an uncommon disease of the small intestine. There is a similarity in the clinical presentations of enteropathic diseases, including celiac disease, tropical sprue, IPSID, and Whipple's disease. A differentiation between them is based on the use of a highly specific serological test for celiac disease and specific histological characteristics.

Association of vitamin D status with disease severity and outcome in Indian patients with IgA nephropathy.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency has been examined as a risk factor for severity and progression of kidney disease due to its immunomodulatory effects. There is paucity of data about its impact in IgA nephropathy (IgAN).

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, 25 (OH) vitamin D assay was performed in bio-banked baseline serum samples collected during kidney biopsy of 105 adult patients with primary IgAN diagnosed between 2015 and 2019.

Utility and patient acceptance of telemedicine in nephrology.

Purpose: There is an increasing burden of kidney diseases worldwide and access to specialist care is limited. Telemedicine, has been relatively less used in developing countries like India. The current study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptance of telenephrology services at our institute, a public hospital.

The International IgA Nephropathy Network Prediction Tool Underestimates Disease Progression in Indian Patients.

Introduction: International IgA nephropathy (IgAN) network (IIgANN) prediction tool was developed to predict risk of progression in IgAN. We attempted to externally validate this tool in an Indian cohort because the original study did not include Indian patients.

Methods: Adult patients with primary IgAN were stratified to low, intermediate, higher, and highest risk groups, as per the original model.

Assessment of Risk Factors and Outcome of Early Versus Late Cytomegalovirus Infection Infection in Living-related D+/R + Renal Allograft Recipients.

Introduction: Cytomegalovirus infection (CMV) in a kidney transplant recipient (KTR) is a serious complication resulting in increased morbidity, mortality and reduced graft survival. There is limited data on early (within 3 months posttransplant) CMV infection (ECMVI) vs. late CMV infection (LCMVI) in patients not receiving CMV prophylaxis.

KM55 in the Evaluation of IgA-Containing Glomerular Diseases.

Introduction: Mucosal-derived galactose-deficient IgA is central to the pathogenesis of primary IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Recent reports suggest similar pathogenesis in Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) and secondary IgAN. Its role in other IgA-containing glomerular diseases is still under investigation.

Characterizing predictors of non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) in diabetic patients.

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the chief cause of renal involvement in diabetic patients. It is primarily a clinical diagnosis. Non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD) may be missed if they are not biopsied.

Metabolic acidosis in the initial 6 months after renal transplantation: A prospective study.

Background: There is limited information about the incidence of metabolic acidosis (MA) after renal transplantation. This single centre prospective study aimed to delineate the incidence and risk factors of MA in the first 6 months after renal transplantation (RTX).

Design, Setting, Participants And Measurements: Patients who underwent RTX between November 2018 and July 2020 were monitored with weekly measurement of serum bicarbonate level for 6 months and those who were diagnosed with MA were evaluated further to characterize the type of MA.

Supportive Management of IgA Nephropathy With Renin-Angiotensin Blockade, the AIIMS Primary IgA Nephropathy Cohort (APPROACH) Study.

Introduction: Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi)/angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) is first-line therapy for IgA nephropathy (IgAN). There is a paucity of information on the predictors and magnitude of response to this treatment.

Methods: In a prospective study, treatment-naive patients with IgAN with urinary protein ≥ 1 g/d and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥ 30 ml/min per 1.

Pulmonary infections after renal transplantation: a prospective study from a tropical country.

Pulmonary infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in renal transplant recipients. In a prospective study, we characterized their epidemiology in a tropical country with high infectious disease burden. Adult renal transplant recipients presenting with pulmonary infections from 2015 to 2017 were evaluated using a specific diagnostic algorithm.

Imaging spectrum of pulmonary infections in renal transplant patients.

In the post renal transplant setting, pulmonary infections comprise an important set of complications. Microbiological diagnosis although specific is often delayed and insensitive. Radiography is the most common and first imaging test for which patient is referred, however it is relatively insensitive.

Profile of Indian Patients With Membranous Nephropathy.

Introduction: The majority of primary membranous nephropathy (MN) cases are no longer considered idiopathic with the discovery of the podocytic autoantigens: phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R) and thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 7A (THSD7A). Limited data on PLA2R-related MN in Indians exist in literature, and THSD7A-related MN remains undocumented in this population. We aimed to characterize the baseline PLA2R and THSD7A profile of adult and pediatric membranous nephropathy (MN) in a large Indian single-institution cohort.

Novel Heterozygous Mutations of Congenital Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: A Rare Case Report.

Hereditary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a genetic condition caused by mutations in gene, leading to very low levels of ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I domain 13) activity. It is a rare condition associated with multiple reported mutations. Here, we describe a case of hereditary TTP with a compound novel heterozygous mutation along with secondary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.