Haematological parameters as predictors of severe dengue: a study from northern districts of West Bengal.

Background Objectives: A hike in dengue cases was recorded in last two years, resulting from both single and multiple-serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) and secondary infections, culminating in significant hospitalizations and deaths in India. This study focuses on evaluating symptomatic and haematological parameters in acute dengue patients of the northern part of West Bengal to predict disease severity early on and also to analyze the correlation between circulating DENV serotypes with severity.

Methods: Dengue patients (N=540) diagnosed as NS1 positives were categorized into 13.

In silico, in vitro, and in vivo acute and sub-acute toxicity profiling of whole plant methanol extract of Equisetum diffusum D. Don from the sub-Himalayan West Bengal, India, having ethnobotanical uses.

Background: Equisetum diffusum D. Don commonly known as 'Himalayan horsetail', has been traditionally used in the treatment of back pain, bone fracture and dislocation, and arthritis by various tribal communities of India. Our previous study confirmed the anti-inflammatory efficacy of the plant through in silico, in vitro, and in vivo model studies.

Herbal and chemical seed potentiations improve the redox health of aged seeds of indigenous aromatic rice cultivars through regulation of oxidative window, gene expression, and restoration of hormonal homeostasis.

Unlabelled: Previous studies associated with seed potentiation support the critical role of metabolic readjustment in restricting the loss of seed vigor and viability of aged seeds. However, their exact role in the regulation of 'oxidative windows' of potentiated seeds is rarely studied and hence is the subject of the present investigation. Seed potentiation of two contrasting indigenous aromatic rice cultivars, differing in sensitivity towards redox attributes ( L.

Comparative transcriptomic data confirm the findings of dehydration stress-induced redox biology of indigenous aromatic rice cultivars.

Unlabelled: The present work compares the transcriptome data sets of post-imbibitional dehydration stress-raised seedlings of two contrasting indigenous aromatic rice cultivars ( L., Cultivars Jamainadu and Badshabhog) for unfolding genetic regulation of dehydration stress. The result of RNA-seq analysis in Illumina platform in general revealed significant cultivar-specific expression of genes under dehydration stress that substantiate the data of redox metabolic fingerprints (assessed in terms of differential efficacy of ascorbate-glutathione pathway, ROS-antioxidant interaction dynamics and sensitive biomarkers of oxidative stress).

Fruit waste: a current perspective for the sustainable production of pharmacological, nutraceutical, and bioactive resources.

Fruits are crucial components of a balanced diet and a good source of natural antioxidants, that have proven efficacy in various chronic illnesses. Various kinds of waste generated from fruit industries are considered a global concern. By utilizing this fruit waste, the international goal of "zero waste" can be achieved by sustainable utilization of these waste materials as a rich source of secondary metabolites.

Imbibitional redox and hormonal priming revealed regulation of oxidative window as a key factor for progression of germination of indica rice cultivars.

Unlabelled: In the present investigation we have manipulated seeds of two indica rice cultivars, differing in sensitivity towards salinity stress ( L. cv. IR29 and Pokkali), with different combination of germination influencing hormones and redox modulating agents [500 µM Gibberellic acid (GA) + 20 mM HO, 500 µM GA + 100 µM Diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), 500 µM GA + 500 µM N,N-dimethylthiourea (DMTU), 30 µM Triadimefon (TDM) + 100 µM DPI, 30 µM TDM + 500 µM DMTU] during early imbibition for exploring significance of regulation of oxidative window during germination.

Genetic characterization of dengue virus from patients presenting multi-serotypic infections in the Northern West Bengal, India.

Northern West Bengal, popularly known as North Bengal, is a dengue-endemic area, which has been severely affected by Dengue in the past few years resulting in massive hospitalizations and deaths. Genetic characterization of the circulating endemic dengue virus (DENV) serotypes is of paramount importance for the epidemiological understanding of the infection and subsequent vaccine development. The present study was conceived to characterize circulating dengue serotypes and to undertake phylogenetic study.

Exploring the parameters of central redox hub for screening salinity tolerant rice landraces of coastal Bangladesh.

Regulation of oxidative stress towards origin of favorable internal redox cue plays a decisive role in salinity stress acclimation and least studied in rice and hence is the subject of present investigation. Redox landscaping of seedlings of ten experimental land races of rice of coastal Bangladesh grown under post imbibitional salinity stress (PISS) has been done through characterization of ROS-antioxidant interaction dynamics at metabolic interface, transcriptional reprogramming of redox-regulatory genes along with the assessment of biomarkers of oxidative threat for standardizing redox strategies and quality parameters for screening. The results exhibited a strong correlation between salinity induced redox status (pro-oxidant/antioxidant ratio, efficacy of HO turnover through integrated RboH-Ascorbate-Glutathione/Catalase pathway and estimation of sensitive redox biomarkers of oxidative deterioration) and germination phenotypes of all landraces of rice.

Revealing Probiotic Potential of Strains Isolated From Traditionally Fermented and Healthy Human Gut.

In this study, the two lactic acid bacterial strains and previously isolated from soft , a traditionally fermented milk product prepared by the indigenous community of Sikkim Himalayas and healthy human gut were used. In this study, we attempted to investigate the probiotic attributes, safety, and health beneficial role, and hypercholesterolemia of and . Both probiotic potential strains showed good hypocholesterolemic activity along with tolerance to acid pH (2 and 2.

Dengue virus: epidemiology, biology, and disease aetiology.

Dengue is a vector-borne viral disease caused by the flavivirus dengue virus (DENV). Approximately 400 million cases and 22 000 deaths occur due to dengue worldwide each year. It has been reported in more than 100 countries in tropical and subtropical regions.

Validating potent anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid properties of Drynaria quercifolia rhizome methanolic extract through in vitro, in vivo, in silico and GC-MS-based profiling.

Background: The fronds of Drynaria quercifolia have traditionally been used in rheumatic pain management. The goal of the present study was to validate the potent anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatoid properties of the methanolic-extract of its rhizome using in vitro, in vivo and in silico strategies.

Methods: The plant was collected and the methanolic extract was prepared from its rhizome.

Complementation of ROS scavenging secondary metabolites with enzymatic antioxidant defense system augments redox-regulation property under salinity stress in rice.

The RP-HPLC based comparative quantification of some important redox sensitive phenolic acids and flavonoids revealed overall greater elicitation of chalcone synthase related flavonoid biosynthetic pathway, concomitant with the greater utilization of cinnamic acid for the seedlings of the salinity resistant rice cultivar Patnai as compared to susceptible cultivar IR29 grown under post imbibitional salinity stress (PISS). When compared, the cultivar Patnai further exhibited significantly better antioxidant-coupled redox-regulation by up regulating ascorbate-glutathione pathway and reducing the expression of oxidative deterioration under PISS as compared to its counterpart, the cultivar IR29. A model for redox homeostasis in which complementation of action of ROS scavenging secondary metabolites with enzymatic antioxidant defense at metabolic interface necessary for maintenance of the redox homeostasis to combat salinity stress has been proposed.

The interaction of reactive oxygen species and antioxidants at the metabolic interface in salicylic acid-induced adventitious root formation in mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek].

Implications of the role of antioxidant buffering in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-antioxidant interactions and associated redox regulation during adventitious root formation (ARF) were assessed in redox-manipulated salicylic acid (SA)-treated hypocotyl explants of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek].

Redox-regulation of germination during imbibitional oxidative and chilling stress in an indica rice cultivar ( L., Cultivar Ratna).

Imbibitional oxidative stress of different magnitude, imposed by treatment with different titer of HO (both elevated, 20 mM and low, 500 µM) to an indica rice cultivar ( L., Cultivar Ratna) caused formation of differential redox cues at the metabolic interface, as evident from significant alteration of ROS/antioxidant ratio, efficacy of ascorbate-glutathione cycle, radical scavenging property, modulation of total thiol content and expression of oxidative membrane protein and lipid damages as biomarkers of oxidative stress. All the redox parameters examined, substantiate the experimental outcome that treatment with elevated concentration of HO caused serious loss of redox homeostasis and germination impairment, whereas low titre HO treatment not only restored redox homeostasis but also improve germination and post-germinative growth.

Nutritional composition, mineral content, antioxidant activity and quantitative estimation of water soluble vitamins and phenolics by RP-HPLC in some lesser used wild edible plants.

The present study aimed to investigate the nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of six underutilized wild edible plants . , and that are commonly consumed as food in the India The antioxidant properties of the plants were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power capacity, metal chelating activity, lipid peroxidation assay, estimation of total phenolic content and flavonoids content in different solvent extraction system like benzene, chloroform, methanol and 70% aqueous (aq.) ethanol.

Bacteriological, Clinical and Virulence Aspects of Aeromonas-associated Diseases in Humans.

Aeromonads have been isolated from varied environmental sources such as polluted and drinking water, as well as from tissues and body fluids of cold and warm-blooded animals. A phenotypically and genotypically heterogenous bacteria, aeromonads can be successfully identified by ribotyping and/or by analysing gyrB gene sequence, apart from classical biochemical characterization. Aeromonads are known to cause scepticemia in aquatic organisms, gastroenteritis and extraintestinal diseases such as scepticemia, skin, eye, wound and respiratory tract infections in humans.

Redox metabolic and molecular parameters for screening drought tolerant indigenous aromatic rice cultivars.

The present work makes an effort to assess and standardize some redox metabolic and molecular parameters for screening drought tolerant indigenous aromatic rice cultivars of West Bengal, India. PEG-induced dehydration stress during early germination caused disruption of redox-homeostasis and oxidative damage in four IARVs (Jamainadu, Tulaipanji, Sitabhog and Badshabhog) by enhancing the accumulation of pro-oxidants [assessed in terms of oxidation of 2',7'-dichlorofluorescindiacetate (DCFDA), accumulation of [Formula: see text] and HO and in situ staining of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in germinating tissue], significant reduction of antioxidative defence (total antioxidant and radical scavenging capacity, total thiol content and activities of antioxidative defence enzymes) and aggravating protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation (assessed in terms of free carbonyl content and accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances). When compared between the indigenous aromatic rice cultivars, a clear trend in differential redox regulatory properties in which ROS-antioxidant interaction acts at metabolic interface for redox homeostasis was observed in the order Badshabhog > Tulaipanji > Sitabhog > Jamainadu.

Entry, infection, replication, and egress of human polyomaviruses: an update.

Polyomaviruses (PyVs), belonging to the family Polyomaviridae, are a group of small, nonenveloped, double-stranded, circular DNA viruses widely distributed in the vertebrates. PyVs cause no apparent disease in adult laboratory mice but cause a wide variety of tumors when artificially inoculated into neonates or semipermissive animals. A few human PyVs, such as BK, JC, and Merkel cell PyVs, have been unequivocally linked to pathogenesis under conditions of immunosuppression.

Assessment of anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic properties of Acmella uliginosa (Sw.) Cass. based on experiments in arthritic rat models and qualitative gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses.

Aim: The principle objective of the study was to explore the anti-arthritic properties of Acmella uliginosa (AU) (Sw.) Cass. flower in a rat model and to identify potential anti-inflammatory compounds derived from flower extracts.

Study of genetic diversity of KIR and TLR in the Rabhas, an endogamous primitive tribe of India.

The Rabha tribe is a little known small endogamous population belonging to Indo-mongoloid group of north-eastern India. We have analyzed 16 KIR and 5 TLR gene polymorphisms in the Rabha population of northern West Bengal, India for the first time. The observed frequencies of the KIR genes (except framework and pseudogene loci) ranged between 0.

Hydrogen peroxide priming modulates abiotic oxidative stress tolerance: insights from ROS detoxification and scavenging.

Plants are constantly challenged by various abiotic stresses that negatively affect growth and productivity worldwide. During the course of their evolution, plants have developed sophisticated mechanisms to recognize external signals allowing them to respond appropriately to environmental conditions, although the degree of adjustability or tolerance to specific stresses differs from species to species. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS; hydrogen peroxide, H2O2; superoxide, [Formula: see text]; hydroxyl radical, OH(⋅) and singlet oxygen, (1)O2) is enhanced under abiotic and/or biotic stresses, which can cause oxidative damage to plant macromolecules and cell structures, leading to inhibition of plant growth and development, or to death.

Differential competence of redox-regulatory mechanism under extremes of temperature determines growth performances and cross tolerance in two indica rice cultivars.

The present study investigated the relationship between reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation (total and individual), antioxidant and radical scavenging capacity (total and individual), transcript abundance of some antioxidative genes and oxidative damages to membrane protein and lipid in germinating tissues of a salt resistant (SR26B) and salt sensitive (Ratna) rice cultivars under extremes of temperature to elucidate redox-regulatory mechanism governing differential oxidative stress tolerance associated with better growth and yield potential and identification of cross tolerance, if any. Imbibitional heat and chilling stress caused disruption of redox-homeostasis and oxidative damage to a newly assembled membrane system by increasing pro-oxidant/antioxidant ratio and by aggravating membrane lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation [measured in terms of accumulation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free carbonyl content (CO groups), and membrane protein thiol level (MPTL)]. A concomitant increase in accumulation of individual ROS (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) and significant reduction of radical scavenging activity (assessed in terms of ABTS, FRAP and DPPH methods), non-enzymatic and enzymatic anti-oxidative defense [assessed in terms of total thiol content and activities of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.

Molecular analysis of JC polyomavirus genotypes circulating among tribal populations of North-Eastern West Bengal, India.

There is a resurgence of interest in the study of occurrence, genotype and pathogenic associations of human Polyomaviruses in recent years. In the present study, we have ascertained the presence of human Polyomavirus JC (JCV) in the urine and peripheral blood leukocytes of tribal populations, for the first time in the North-Eastern part of West Bengal State of India. We have also characterized the prevalent genotypes of the non-coding controlregions (NCCRs) of these natural isolates.

Heat and chilling induced disruption of redox homeostasis and its regulation by hydrogen peroxide in germinating rice seeds (Oryza sativa L., Cultivar Ratna).

Extremes of temperature (both heat and chilling) during early inbibitional phase of germination caused disruption of redox-homeostasis by increasing accumulation of reactive oxygen species (superoxide and hydrogen peroxide) and significant reduction of antioxidative defense (assessed in terms of total thiol content and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase) in germinating tissues of rice (Oryza sativa L., cultivar Ratna). Imbibitional heat and chilling stress also induced oxidative damage to newly assembled membrane system by aggravating membrane lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation [measured in terms of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), free carbonyl content (C = O groups) and membrane protein thiol level (MPTL)].