Best practices for engaging with affected communities: chronic hepatitis B as a case study.

Hepatitis B is the single most common cause of liver cancer, affecting > 250 million people worldwide (mostly in resource limited communities) and killing > 1 million people annually. The condition is marked by poor rates of diagnosis (14%) and treatment (8% of eligible individuals). As with many health conditions, engagement with the affected community is crucial for designing, promoting, and advocating for effective solutions in the health system.

Unleashing the power of sunlight: BiO/SbS photocatalysis for sustainable wastewater remediation of Tetracycline and Rhodamine-B.

The use of heterojunction photocatalysts for pollutant decomposition has garnered significant interest in mitigating water contamination and environmental pollution. Our present study focuses on synthesizing BiO/SbS heterojunction photocatalyst having variable mole ratios by employing a hydrothermal technique. Loading SbS onto BiO enables broad-spectrum solar light absorption, efficient segregation of charges, and enhanced surface area, which are excellent traits for photocatalysis.

The electrical transport and antibacterial properties of Fe doped MgO nanoparticles synthesized by a soft chemical technique.

Fe doped MgO nanoparticles were synthesized using a straightforward soft chemical method. We conducted a comprehensive examination of the electrical properties of Fe-doped MgO nanoparticles with a crystalline size range of 7-10 nm. Simultaneously, we explored their antibacterial capabilities.

Unlocking solar energy's potential: Dual photocatalytic activities of g-CN/SbS for hydrogen evolution and tetracycline degradation in sunlight.

This study focuses on developing a g-CN/SbS heterojunction photocatalyst with different g-CN to SbS weight ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1) for degrading tetracycline (TC) pollutants. The 1:3 ratio (13 GS) exhibited optimal photocatalytic performance, achieving 99% TC degradation under sunlight within 120 min, compared to 78.4% under visible light and 38% under UV light.

N-doped nano-casted carbon monolith for Pb (II) removal and photocatalytic degradation of thiamethoxam from aqueous solution.

Single rock-like N-doped carbon monolith (ND-PFCM) was successfully constructed via nanocasting method. Phenol formaldehyde resin was taken as carbon source and nitrogen was incorporated in monoliths through NaNH activation. The synthesized monoliths were used for the removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solution.

Experimental kinetics and thermodynamics investigation: Chemically activated carbon-enriched monolithic reduced graphene oxide for efficient CO capture.

In this research, we have developed solid MGOs by self-assembled reduction process of GO at 90 °C with different weight ratios of oxalic acid (1:1, 1:0.500, and 1:0.250).

Applications of artificial intelligence in biliary tract cancers.

Biliary tract cancers are malignant neoplasms arising from bile duct epithelial cells. They include cholangiocarcinomas and gallbladder cancer. Gallbladder cancer has a marked geographical preference and is one of the most common cancers in women in northern India.

Biowaste to bioenergy nexus: Fostering sustainability and circular economy.

Existing fossil-based commercial products present a significant threat to the depletion of global natural resources and the conservation of the natural environment. Also, the ongoing generation of waste is giving rise to challenges in waste management. Conventional practices for the management of waste, for instance, incineration and landfilling, emit gases that contribute to global warming.

Enhancing CO capture through innovating monolithic graphene oxide frameworks.

The advancement and engineering of novel crystalline materials is facilitated through the utilization of innovative porous crystalline structures, established via KOH-treated monolithic graphene oxide frameworks. These materials exhibit remarkable and versatile characteristics for both functional exploration and applications within the realm of CO capture. In this comprehensive study, we have synthesized monolithic reduced graphene oxide-based adsorbents through a meticulous self-assembly process involving different mass ratios of GO/malic acid (MaA) (1:0.

Deep-learning models for differentiation of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and gallbladder cancer on ultrasound.

Background: The radiological differentiation of xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) and gallbladder cancer (GBC) is challenging yet critical. We aimed at utilizing the deep learning (DL)-based approach for differentiating XGC and GBC on ultrasound (US).

Methods: This single-center study comprised consecutive patients with XGC and GBC from a prospectively acquired database who underwent pre-operative US evaluation of the gallbladder lesions.

Photophysical Study of Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Dots-MnO-Based Nanosensor: Selective Detection of Glutathione in the Nanomolar Level.

Heteroatom doping on carbon dots (Cdots) has been developed as an efficient approach to modify its optical and electronic properties. The four different types of heteroatom-doped Cdots (undoped Cdots (u-Cdots, nitrogen-doped Cdots (N-Cdots), sulfur-doped Cdots (Cdots), nitrogen, sulfur codoped Cdots (N, S-Cdots)) have been synthesized through a simple heat treatment of 5 min. Among four different heteroatoms doped nanosensors, N, S-Cdots with MnO nanospheres (Mn NS) showed one of the best fluorescents "on-off-on" nanosensors for selective sensing of glutathione (GSH) and cell imaging.

Unleashing the power of solar light: WO nanorods decorated onto BiVO dendrites for tetracycline detoxification and water splitting.

The coupling of different oxide materials in a nanohybrid enables the customization of their optical and charge transport properties, leading to improved interfacial charge segregation and migration. In this study, BiVO/WO (BVW), a sunlight-driven photocatalyst with distinct mole ratios was synthesized via a facile hydrothermal approach. The resultant catalyst exhibits a nanorods shape morphology decorated onto dendrite-like matrix and is studied for photocatalytic elimination of tetracycline (TC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) H production.

Upcycling Waste: Peel-Derived Carbon Quantum Dots for Sensitive Detection of Tetracycline in the Nanomolar Range.

In this work, a sustainable method was developed for the production of water-soluble carbon quantum dots employing a green approach. The synthetic protocol was employed using the microwave pyrolysis technique, while lemon peel served as a carbon precursor. Fabrication of highly fluorescent lemon-peel-derived CQDs (LP-CQDs) having inherent nitrogen functionality was validated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, FTIR, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopic analysis, and TEM techniques.

Sunlight active cellulose/g-CN/TiOnano-photocatalyst for simultaneous degradation of methylene blue dye and atenolol drug in real wastewater.

The paper critically addresses two contemporary environmental challenges, the water crisis and the unrestricted discharge of organic pollutants in waterways together. An eco-friendly method was used to fabricate a cellulose/g-CN/TiOphotocatalytic composite that displayed a remarkable degradation of methylene blue dye and atenolol drug under natural sunlight. Introducing graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN) onto pristine TiOimproved hybrid material's photonic efficacy and enhanced interfacial charge separation.

Orange Pomace-Derived Fluorescent Carbon Quantum Dots: Detection of Dual Analytes in the Nanomolar Range.

Green-emissive carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with exclusive chemosensing aspects were synthesized from orange pomace as a biomass-based precursor a facile microwave method without using any chemicals. The synthesis of highly fluorescent CQDs with inherent nitrogen was confirmed through X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron, Fourier transform infrared, Raman, and transmission electron microscopic techniques. The average size of the synthesized CQDs was found to be 7.

Novel MoS/CN composites with extended spectral response towards highly efficient photocatalytic abatement of hazardous pollutants.

Carbon nitride materials are one of the potential candidates for photocatalytic application. The present work demonstrates the fabrication of CN catalyst from a simple, low-cost, and easily available nitrogen-containing precursor, melamine. The facile and microwave mediated method was used to prepare novel MoS/CN composites (referred to as MC) with varying weight ratios (1:1, 1:3, and 3:1).

Novel g-CN/BiVO heterostructured nanohybrids for high efficiency photocatalytic degradation of toxic chemical pollutants.

Novel heterostructured hybrid catalysts are essential for the efficient photocatalytic removal of organic pollutants from wastewater generated by the pharmaceutical and textile industries. In this study, novel g-CN/BiVO nanohybrid catalysts were prepared using a solvothermal technique, and examined their structural and optical properties using different characterizations. The X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the monoclinic crystal phase of BiVO.

RadFormer: Transformers with global-local attention for interpretable and accurate Gallbladder Cancer detection.

We propose a novel deep neural network architecture to learn interpretable representation for medical image analysis. Our architecture generates a global attention for region of interest, and then learns bag of words style deep feature embeddings with local attention. The global, and local feature maps are combined using a contemporary transformer architecture for highly accurate Gallbladder Cancer (GBC) detection from Ultrasound (USG) images.

Versatile Carbon Nanofiber-Based Sensors.

Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) display colossal potential in different fields like energy, catalysis, biomedicine, sensing, and environmental science. CNFs have revealed extensive uses in various sensing platforms due to their distinctive structure, properties, function, and accessible surface functionalization capabilities. This review presents insight into various fabrication methods for CNFs like electrospinning, chemical vapor deposition, and template methods with merits and demerits of each technique.

Visible-light-induced photocatalytic response of easily recoverable MnO/SiO monolith in centimeter-scale towards degradation of ofloxacin: Performance evaluation and product analysis.

Monolithic-photocatalysts being easily recoverable are a suitable alternative to powdered materials for pollutant treatment. This study was conducted to prepare MnO/SiO monoliths by wet-impregnating Mn(NO)4HO in SiO monoliths. The crystallinity of oxide was affirmed via XRD analyses, whereas EDS and elemental-mapping, and XPS studies revealed the constituent elements and their oxidation states.

Morphology Effect of One-Dimensional MnO Nanostructures on Heteroatom-Doped Carbon Dot-Based Biosensors for Selective Detection of Glutathione.

Structural versatility of MnO nanostructures plays a significant role in biosensing applications. So, we have prepared simple and selective "turn-off-on" sensing probes for the detection of glutathione (GSH), based on nitrogen, sulfur codoped carbon dots (N, S-Cdots) and different morphologies of one-dimensional (1-D) MnO nanostructures. N, S-Cdots with a high fluorescence quantum yield (73.