Usefulness of Stereotactic Radiotherapy Using CyberKnife for Recurrent Lymph Node Metastasis of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

A woman in her 60s presented with a recurrent lymph node metastasis from a papillary thyroid carcinoma in the right parapharyngeal space. She had already undergone total thyroidectomy, five resections for cervical lymph node metastases, and right carotid rebuilding. Surgical resection of the current metastasis was impossible.

Results of radiation monotherapy for primary central nervous system lymphoma in the 1990s.

Purpose: Results of radiation therapy for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) were poor in the 1970-1980s, with most reported 5-year survival rates being less than 10%. To investigate whether the prognosis of PCNSL patients treated by radiation alone remains still poor, we investigated the results of radiation monotherapy in the 1990s.

Methods And Materials: We collected data on 132 patients with histologically proven PCNSL treated by radiation alone in the 1990s from three nationwide or regional multiinstitutional studies conducted by the Japanese Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (JASTRO) Lymphoma Study Group or the Chubu Radiation Oncology Group.

Stenting of the superior mesenteric artery as a preoperative treatment for total pancreatectomy.

The patient was 58-year-old male with mucinous cyst adenocarcinoma of the pancreas. Prior to total pancreatectomy, preoperative CT and angiography showed a high-grade arteriosclerotic stenosis of about 1.0 cm in length in the ostium of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), as well as the development of collateral vessels in the area around the head of the pancreas.

Prediction of outcome of advanced cervical cancer to thermoradiotherapy according to expression profiles of 35 genes selected by cDNA microarray analysis.

Purpose: To identify a set of genes related to thermoradiosensitivity of cervical carcinoma and to establish a predictive method.

Methods And Materials: A total of 19 patients with cervical cancer (1 with Stage IIIA, 11 with Stage IIIB, 5 with Stage IVA, and 2 with Stage IVB) who underwent definitive thermoradiotherapy between May 1995 and August 2001 were included in this study. We compared the expression profiles of 8 thermoradiosensitive and 11 thermoradioresistant tumors obtained by punch biopsy before treatment using a cDNA microarray consisting of 23,040 human genes.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma in Japan 1995-1999: changes from the preceding 10 years.

Purpose: Previously, we conducted a nationwide survey of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) treated between 1985 and 1994 in Japan. In the present study, we conducted further investigations of PCNSL patients treated between 1995 and 1999 to clarify possible changes with time in the clinical features, treatment, and outcome of this disease.

Methods: Thirteen Japanese institutions were surveyed, and data on 101 patients with histologically-confirmed PCNSL were collected.

Expression of Ku80 in cervical cancer correlates with response to radiotherapy and survival.

To reveal the genes relevant for prediction of cervical cancer after radiotherapy, we previously carried out cDNA microarray experiments on primary cervical cancer comparing patients with a complete response (CR) and those with no change (NC). Some of these genes had already been associated with the radiation response, such as x-ray repair cross-complementing 5 (XRCC5), which was found more in radioresistant tumors than in radiosensitive ones. The aim of this study was to confirm the possible roles of XRCC5 mRNA levels by a real-time polymerase chain reaction method in 20 cervical cancers, and Ku80 protein, which is the gene product of XRCC5, using a histopathologic method of formalin-fixed sections of tumor biopsies in determining tumor response to radiotherapy and survival in 89 patients with cervical cancer.

Multidetector-row CT analysis of time-dependent changes in lung fields after chest irradiation: usefulness of precision scans.

Time-dependent changes in lung fields after chest irradiation were analyzed using multidetector-row CT. Routine scans at 3-mm raw thickness and 8-mm recon thickness and precision scans at 0.5-mm raw thickness and 0.

Is whole-brain irradiation necessary for primary central nervous system lymphoma? Patterns of recurrence after partial-brain irradiation.

Background: Neurotoxicity after whole-brain irradiation remains a major problem in the treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). To clarify whether whole-brain radiation is necessary for PCNSL, the authors retrospectively analyzed the outcome of patients treated with partial-brain irradiation.

Methods: A nationwide survey was performed regarding the treatment of PCNSL.

A case of metastatic bone tumor of missed lung cancer showing unusual manifestations on chest radiogram.

We encountered a patient who had a primary unknown carcinoma with lumbago caused by lumbar vertebral metastasis as the initial chief complaint. Autopsy revealed primary pulmonary adenocarcinoma. Abnormal findings noted on plain chest radiogram and chest CT led to misdiagnosis as inflammatory changes.

A new liquid embolic material for liver tumors.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of a new liquid embolic material, Onyx, for treating liver tumors.

Material And Methods: Onyx is a mixture of 6% (w/v) ethylene-vinyl-alcohol copolymer dissolved in anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with 28% (w/v) tantalum powder. In addition to 6% Onyx, we also tried 4%, 2% and 1% solutions, prepared by adjusting the amount of DMSO.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA associated with prognosis of cervical cancer after radiotherapy.

Purpose: The importance of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in the outcome of cervical cancer after radiotherapy remains unknown. Our study explored whether the HPV status of tumors is associated with the outcome of radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer.

Methods And Materials: A total of 84 patients with cervical cancer (6 Stage I, 10 Stage II, 49 Stage III, and 19 Stage IV) who underwent definitive radiotherapy between January 1995 and June 2000 were included in this study.

Chromosome 6p21.2, 18q21.2 and human papilloma virus (HPV) DNA can predict prognosis of cervical cancer after radiotherapy.

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is one of the most important mechanisms for inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes. Studies of LOH in patients with cervical carcinoma have reported a high frequency of LOH on 3p21.3, 6p21.

Polymorphism of the WAF1 gene is related to susceptibility to cervical cancer in Japanese women.

The WAF1 gene, located on chromosome 6p21.2, has been cloned and identified as a p53 mediator and an inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). The present study was performed to investigate the possible role of the WAF1 gene in the pathogenesis of human cervical carcinoma.

Mutation of the PTEN gene in advanced cervical cancer correlated with tumor progression and poor outcome after radiotherapy.

Improvement in management of advanced cervical cancer after radiotherapy requires a better understanding of its biological behavior. PTEN/MMAC/TEP(PTEN), a candidate tumor suppressor gene located at chromosome 10q23.3, was recently identified and found to be frequently mutated in several different types of human tumors.

Implantation treatment method of slow release anticancer doxorubicin containing hydroxyapatite (DOX-HAP) complex. A basic study of a new treatment for hepatic cancer.

We performed an experimental study on slow releasing anticancer drug implantation treatment as a new therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hydroxyapatite (HAP) was chosen for the carrier material and doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) for anticancer agent. DOX-HAP was produced by adsorbing DOX to porous HAP particles of 1375 +/- 125 microns diameter using the freeze drying method.

[Fundamental study on hyperthermic chemotherapy using adriamycin-loaded hydroxyapatite].

We developed a porous hydroxyapatite ceramic (HAP) incorporating adriamycin (ADM), that is, ADM-HAP as a new delivery system (DDS) to release ADM gradually. We also researched the possibility of hyperthermic chemotherapy using ADM-HAP by in vitro and in vivo experiments. As for in vitro experiments, we implanted HAPs into uniform Agar-Phantom, and observed thermal distribution generated by Thermotron-RF 8 using thermography.

Radiation and thermal sensitivities of murine tumor (FSa-II) cells recurrent after a heavy irradiation.

Radiation and thermal sensitivities, and cell doubling times (Tds) of C3Hf/Sed mouse FSa-II cells recurring after a heavy irradiation were examined in vitro. Tumors in the leg were irradiated with gamma-rays and observed for late recurrence (in vivo clones), or removed immediately after irradiation and single cell suspensions were plated for colony formation (in vitro clones). Five subclones were selected from original cells in vitro.

Significance of additive heat effect in the therapeutic gain factor in combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy: murine tumor response and foot reaction.

The thermal enhancement ratio (TER) and therapeutic gain factor (TGF) were evaluated for combined hyperthermia and radiation treatments of a murine fibrosarcoma, FSa-II. The TER is the ratio of the radiation dose that induces a given reaction without hyperthermia to that with hyperthermia. The TGF is defined as the ratio of TER for tumor response to TER for normal tissue response.

[The modification of radiation effect by nucleoside related compounds on a murine tumor given with local radiotherapy and on survival following whole body irradiation].

We have evaluated the effect of nucleoside related compounds on a murine tumor given with local radiotherapy and on the survival rate following whole body irradiation. C3H/He mouse transplanted FM3A tumor and ddY mice were used. The enhancement ratio (ER) for the tumor treated by radiation and nucleoside related compounds was 1.