Publications by authors named "Soufiane Boufous"
Background: Australia has made significant efforts in recent years to promote cycling.
Methods: Trends in cyclist fatalities in Australia between 1991 and 2022, particularly in those aged 60 years and over, were examined using Poisson regression modelling.
Results: Overall, cyclist fatalities decreased by 1.
Objectives: To investigate publicly funded healthcare costs according to faller status and the periods pre- and post-cataract surgeries, and identify factors associated with higher monthly costs in older people with bilateral cataract.
Methods: This prospective cohort study included community-dwelling older people aged 65 and over (between 2012 and 2019); at baseline participants had bilateral cataract and were waiting for cataract surgery in New South Wales (NSW) public hospitals. Participants were followed for 24 months.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the crash records of young drivers based on whether their supervising driver had traffic offenses, looking at data from over 20,000 newly licensed drivers in Australia between 2003-2004.
- Results showed that those supervised by drivers with 2 or more perceived traffic offenses had significantly higher crash rates compared to those supervised by drivers with no offenses, particularly for injuries over a 5.5-year period.
- The authors suggest the need for improved supervised driving experiences, highlighting mentoring programs and professional instructors as potential solutions to enhance driver safety.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed crash risk differences between young drivers born in Asia and those born in Australia using data from a large cohort of 20,806 drivers over a 13-year period.
- - Initially, Asian-born drivers had crash risks that were less than half of their Australian-born peers, but this risk increased steadily over time, eventually becoming similar to that of Australian-born drivers.
- - The findings suggest that as young Asian-born drivers acculturate and adopt local driving behaviors, their crash risk changes, which should be taken into account for future road safety initiatives.
Objective: To compare fall incidence, and visual acuity and refractive status, before surgery and after first and second eye cataract surgery.
Design, Setting: Prospective observational study in eight tertiary referral ophthalmology clinics in public hospitals in Sydney, Melbourne, and Perth.
Participants: People aged 65 years or more referred for bilateral age-related cataract surgery during 2013-16, followed for maximum of 24 months after study entry or until six months after second eye surgery, whichever was shorter.
Article Synopsis
- Penalties for driving offences may not effectively reduce crashes among offending drivers, as previous studies lacked consideration of important crash risk factors.
- A study conducted with young drivers in New South Wales analyzed data from 2003-2016, revealing that 37.8% had driving offences and 12% were involved in crashes.
- Results indicated that drivers with three or more offences had significantly higher crash rates, suggesting that addressing the root causes of both offences and crashes could enhance road safety.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to determine if young drivers (ages 17-24) who engage in risky driving behaviors are more likely to experience car crashes up to 13 years later, using data from the DRIVE study in New South Wales, Australia.
- Analysis revealed that drivers in higher quintiles of risky driving behaviors had significantly increased crash rates and were more likely to experience severe outcomes, such as hospital admissions or fatalities.
- The findings suggest that targeting risky driving behaviors in novice drivers could lead to lower road crashes and injuries throughout their lives.
Article Synopsis
- * The study analyzed data from over 20,000 young drivers in New South Wales, Australia, linking surveys with official reports to investigate the sex differences in crash incidence and injuries.
- * Despite men having more crashes overall, women face a greater risk of sustaining injuries that require hospitalization, highlighting the need for further research into how gender influences crash-related risks across different age groups.
Article Synopsis
- Young drivers from low socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds have a significantly higher risk of car crashes compared to those from wealthier backgrounds, a risk that may continue into adulthood.
- Data from a large Australian survey was used to analyze the relationship between SES and crash rates, revealing that those in the lowest SES categories had much higher rates of crashes and related hospitalizations.
- Notably, while women in low SES experienced a drastically increased rate of single-vehicle crashes, men did not show significant differences in crash rates based on SES, indicating a need for targeted prevention strategies that also address social factors.
Article Synopsis
- * A study in Queensland, Australia, revealed that the introduction of a new GLS in 2007 led to significant declines in young driver crashes, particularly during the first month of provisional licensing.
- * Key factors contributing to these crash reductions included a longer learner period, increased supervised driving hours, and a restriction on night passengers, while certain phone use restrictions also seemed to help during the learner phase.
Background: While there is a long history of measuring death and disability from injuries, modern research methods must account for the wide spectrum of disability that can occur in an injury, and must provide estimates with sufficient demographic, geographical and temporal detail to be useful for policy makers. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 study used methods to provide highly detailed estimates of global injury burden that meet these criteria.
Methods: In this study, we report and discuss the methods used in GBD 2017 for injury morbidity and mortality burden estimation.
Article Synopsis
- Motorcycle riders exhibit the highest injury and fatality rates on the road, prompting research aimed at identifying crash risk factors to create effective safety measures.* -
- Data from 2,399 novice riders in Victoria, Australia, revealed that near-crash experiences, previous crashes, and lack of comprehensive training significantly increase the odds of crashing.* -
- The study suggests a need for a review of mandatory training requirements, as current pre-learner courses may not adequately reduce crash risks among novice riders.*
Article Synopsis
- Injuries significantly impact global health, with the number of injury deaths rising from approximately 4.26 million in 1990 to about 4.48 million in 2017, despite a decline in age-standardized mortality rates.
- The Global Burden of Disease study measured both fatal and non-fatal injuries through years of life lost (YLLs) and years lived with disability (YLDs), which were combined into disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
- While overall injury incidence increased, age-standardized DALYs decreased, indicating a need for ongoing research focused on injury prevention, better data collection, and improving access to medical care in high-burden areas.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigates how sociodemographic factors relate to injury-related health outcomes worldwide, specifically analyzing disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from injuries across 195 countries from 1990 to 2017.
- - Findings show that while most injury causes display a trend of decreasing DALY rates with higher Socio-demographic Index (SDI), certain injuries like road injuries, interpersonal violence, and self-harm deviate from this trend, indicating complex underlying factors.
- - The research highlights the importance of understanding these injury patterns to improve health strategies and intervention efforts at both national and global levels, especially since not all injuries follow the same developmental trajectory.
Compared with crashes with motor vehicles, single-bicycle crashes are an under-recognised contributor to cycling injury and the aetiology is poorly understood. Using an in-depth crash investigation technique, this study describes the crash characteristics and patient outcomes of a sample of cyclists admitted to hospital following on-road bicycle crashes. Enrolled cyclists completed a structured interview, and injury details and patient outcomes were extracted from trauma registries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis process evaluation explores relationships between program outcomes and intervention implementation in a trial evaluating "Behind the Wheel," an education-based safe-transport program for older drivers. Participants (intervention group) were 190 Sydney drivers aged ⩾75 years ( = 80 ± 4years). Process measures included fidelity, dose delivered, and received.
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- - The study evaluated the impact of strengthened driver graduated licensing systems (GLS) in Queensland, Australia, particularly for drivers under 25, and aimed to see if new regulations led to fewer crashes among novice drivers.
- - After implementing changes like increased supervised driving hours and restrictions on late-night driving and phone use, researchers found significant decreases in crashes involving novice drivers, including a 13.1% reduction in overall crashes and a 5.4% decrease in serious accidents per year.
- - While novice drivers showed noticeable improvements in crash rates, comparisons with older drivers indicated that the reductions were less significant for severe crashes, suggesting GLS is beneficial but has limitations.
Unlabelled: Objective and importance of study: To describe characteristics and temporal trends of fall-related ambulance service use and hospital admission in older adults in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Such information will facilitate a more targeted approach to planning and delivery of health services to prevent falls and their adverse sequelae in different groups of older adults.
Study Type: Retrospective population-based descriptive study.
Background: Despite the importance of cycling speed on shared paths to the amenity and safety of users, few studies have systematically measured it, nor examined circumstances surrounding it.
Methods: Speed was measured for 5421 riders who were observed cycling on shared paths across 12 metropolitan and regional locations in Sydney, Australia. Multivariate regression analysis was carried out to examine rider and environmental factors that contribute to riders cycling above the median speed.
Objectives: To ascertain whether a safe-transportation program can change driving exposure while maintaining community participation of older drivers.
Design: Randomized controlled trial.
Setting: Northwest Sydney.
The data presented in this article are related to the research manuscript "Predictors of older drivers' involvement in rapid deceleration events", which investigates potential predictors of older drivers' involvement in rapid deceleration events including measures of vision, cognitive function and driving confidence (A. Chevalier et al., 2016) [1].
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The eastern Mediterranean region is comprised of 22 countries: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Since our Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010), the region has faced unrest as a result of revolutions, wars, and the so-called Arab uprisings. The objective of this study was to present the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in the eastern Mediterranean region as of 2013.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Governments wish to compare their performance in preventing serious injury. International comparisons based on hospital inpatient records are typically contaminated by variations in health services utilisation. To reduce these effects, a serious injury case definition has been proposed based on diagnoses with a high probability of inpatient admission (PrA).
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