Astaxanthin Protects Against HO- and Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in H9c2 Rat Myocardial Cells.

Astaxanthin (AST) is a carotenoid that has positive effects on various organs and tissues. It also exhibits a cardioprotective action. In this study, the influence of AST on the survival of H9c2 cardiomyocytes under hydrogen peroxide (HO)- and doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity was investigated.

Astaxanthin Reduces HO- and Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in H9c2 Cardiomyocyte Cells.

Cardiovascular diseases are among the most challenging problems in clinical practice. Astaxanthin (AST) is a keto-carotenoid (xanthophyll) mainly of marine origin, which is able to penetrate the cell membrane, localize in mitochondria, and prevent mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study effect of astaxanthin on the death of H9c2 cardiomyocytes caused by the cytotoxic effect of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and doxorubicin (DOX) was examined.

Potential Targets for the Protective Effect of Astaxanthin on Ethanolinduced Damage in Rat Liver Mitochondria.

Background: Alcohol intoxication leads to multiple degenerative disorders in the structure and function of mitochondria. The mechanisms underlying these disorders, as well as ways to prevent them, are an urgent task in biomedicine. We investigate the mechanism of the positive effect of AX on rat liver mitochondria after chronic alcohol administration and suggest the targets of its effects.

[Melatonin Enhances the Effect of ABT-737 in Acute Monocytic Leukemia THP-1 Cells].

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MEL) is a hormone synthesized by the pineal gland. Due to its oncostatic effect, it can be considered as an antitumor agent and used for combination therapy. ABT-737, a Bcl-2 inhibitor, promotes cell death after treatment with agents that induce pro-apoptotic signals.

[Experience of laser myringoplasty in children with juvenile ideopathic arthritis].

Surgeons' dissatisfaction with the surgical treatment for tympanic membrane perforations results leads to the constant improvement of the surgical technique and the emergence of new techniques. Difficulties arise in the surgical treatment of rheumatological patients treated with immunosuppressive drugs due to the high potential risk of postoperative complications. The most promising direction in this cohort of patients can be considered the use of laser exposure techniques under endoscopic control.

The Effect of Astaxanthin on Mitochondrial Dynamics in Rat Heart Mitochondria under ISO-Induced Injury.

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that produce ATP in the cell and are sensitive to oxidative damage that impairs mitochondrial function in pathological conditions. Mitochondria are involved not only in a healthy heart but also in the development of heart disease. Therefore, attempts should be made to enhance the body's defense response against oxidative stress with the help of various antioxidants in order to decrease mitochondrial damage and reduce mitochondrial dysfunction.

Melatonin Can Enhance the Effect of Drugs Used in the Treatment of Leukemia.

Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine, MEL), secreted by the pineal gland, plays an important role in regulation of various functions in the human body. There is evidence that MEL exhibits antitumor effect in various types of cancer. We studied the combined effect of MEL and drugs from different pharmacological groups, such as cytarabine (CYT) and navitoclax (ABT-737), on the state of the pool of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) tumor cell using the MV4-11 cell line as model.

Relationships between the Content of Micro- and Macroelements in Animal Samples and Diseases of Different Etiologies.

Many of the micro- and macro-elements (MMEs) required by the body are found in environmental objects in concentrations different from their original concentration that can lead to dangerous animal diseases ("microelementoses"). The aim was to study the features of MME (accumulating in wild and exotic animals) in connection with particular diseases. The work using 67 mammal species from four Russian zoological institutions was completed in 2022.

The Improvement of Functional State of Brain Mitochondria with Astaxanthin in Rats after Heart Failure.

The relationship between neurological damage and cardiovascular disease is often observed. This type of damage is both a cause and an effect of cardiovascular disease. Mitochondria are the key organelles of the cell and are primarily subject to oxidative stress.

Astaxanthin Is Able to Prevent Alcohol-Induced Dysfunction of Liver Mitochondria.

The search for new targets for the pathological action of ethanol remains an urgent task of biomedicine. Since degenerative changes in the liver are associated with the development of oxidative stress, antioxidants are promising agents for the treatment of alcohol-related diseases. In this work, we studied the ability of the carotenoid antioxidant, astaxanthin (AX), to prevent ethanol-induced changes in the liver of rats.

[Current views on the treatment and prevention of recurrent acute otitis media in children (review of clinical recommendations)].

Recurrent acute otitis media (RAOM) represents at least 3 or more separate episodes of acute otitis media within 6 months or four or more episodes over a 12-month period. The incidence of recurrent otitis media varies from 5 to 30% and does not tend to decrease. Until now, the questions of conservative and surgical treatment of patients remain unsolved.

The Identification of Prohibitin in the Rat Heart Mitochondria in Heart Failure.

Mitochondria are considered the main organelles in the cell. They play an important role in both normal and abnormal heart function. There is a supramolecular organization between the complexes of the respiratory chain (supercomplexes (SCs)), which are involved in mitochondrial respiration.

Identification of Phosphorylated Calpain 3 in Rat Brain Mitochondria under mPTP Opening.

The protein phosphorylation of the membrane-bound mitochondrial proteins has become of interest from the point of view of its regulatory role of the function of the respiratory chain, opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), and initiation of apoptosis. Earlier, we noticed that upon phosphorylation of proteins in some proteins, the degree of their phosphorylation increases with the opening of mPTP. Two isoforms of myelin basic protein and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase were identified in rat brain non-synaptic mitochondria and it was concluded that they are involved in mPTP regulation.

[Obliteration of the middle ear cavity in children: the current state of the problem and our first experience].

Unlabelled: Chronic otitis media is one of the most common ear pathologies among children. This article provides a short overview of publications on surgical techniques. Currently, the most effective treatment is the surgical sanitation of the middle ear cavities.

[Basis of endoscopic dissection of the ear with analysis of endoscopic anatomy. Part 2.].

Nowadays, endoscopic transcanal otosurgery with confident steps is becoming a practice. Obviously, any new method of intervention needs to be repeatedly tested by the surgeon before it is used on the patient. This is why dissection work is so important and popular.

[Surgical treatment of chronic otitis media in children using three-dimensional imaging].

The introduction of three-dimensional exoscopy has opened a new stage in microsurgery in recent years. Researchers from various specialties give mostly positive reviews. There are very few works on the use of three-dimensional imaging in otorhinolaryngology, and there are practically no such works on otosurgery.

Melatonin Can Modulate the Effect of Navitoclax (ABT-737) in HL-60 Cells.

Melatonin (-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine MEL) is an indolamine that has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. Moreover, MEL is capable of exhibiting both anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic effects. In the normal cells, MEL possesses antioxidant property and has an anti-apoptotic effect, while in the cancer cells it has pro-apoptotic action.

[Basis of endoscopic dissection of the ear with analysis of endoscopic anatomy. Part 1].

Today, endoscopic transcanal ear surgery with confident steps is becoming a practice. It will be used by the patient in repeated practice by the surgeon before being used in the patient. It is so important and popular in connection with this dissection work.

Isoproterenol-Induced Permeability Transition Pore-Related Dysfunction of Heart Mitochondria Is Attenuated by Astaxanthin.

Mitochondria are key organelles of the cell because their main function is the capture of energy-rich substrates from the cytoplasm and oxidative cleavage with the generation of carbon dioxide and water, processes that are coupled with the synthesis of ATP. Mitochondria are subject to oxidative stress through the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). Various antioxidants are used to reduce damage caused by oxidative stress and to improve the protection of the antioxidant system.

Astaxanthin Prevents Mitochondrial Impairment Induced by Isoproterenol in Isolated Rat Heart Mitochondria.

Mitochondria are considered to be a power station of the cell. It is known that they play a major role in both normal and pathological heart function. Alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics are one of the main causes of the origin and progression of heart failure since they have an inhibitory effect on the activity of respiratory complexes in the inner mitochondrial membrane.

Astaxanthin Inhibits Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opening in Rat Heart Mitochondria.

The mitochondrion is the main organelle of oxidative stress in cells. Increased permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane is a key phenomenon in cell death. Changes in membrane permeability result from the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), a large-conductance channel that forms after the overload of mitochondria with Ca or in response to oxidative stress.

[Prospects of endoscopic otosurgery in children].

Active progress in otosurgery opens up new opportunities for minimally invasive surgeries and significantly improves the results of treatment, but a number of problems remain unsolved, including in children. Despite the general positive trend of using the endoscope in otosurgery, in pediatric practice the data are insufficient and extremely contradictory. Literary sources show that, with certain advantages, the existing techniques of endoscopic tympanoplasty are far from perfect and inferior in effectiveness to classical microscopic techniques, which also necessitates further research in this field.

Possible Involvement of 2',3'-Cyclic Nucleotide-3'-Phosphodiesterase in the Protein Phosphorylation-Mediated Regulation of the Permeability Transition Pore.

Calcium as a secondary messenger regulates the phosphorylation of several membrane-bound proteins in brain and liver mitochondria. Regulation of the activity of different protein kinases and phosphatases by Ca occurs through its binding with calmodulin. The protein phosphorylation is strongly dependent on the Ca-induced mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening.

Effect of Melatonin on Rat Heart Mitochondria in Acute Heart Failure in Aged Rats.

Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria and the opening of the nonselective mitochondrial permeability transition pore are important factors that promote cardiac pathologies and dysfunction. The hormone melatonin (MEL) is known to improve the functional state of mitochondria via an antioxidant effect. Here, the effect of MEL administration on heart mitochondria from aged rats with acute cardiac failure caused by isoprenaline hydrochloride (ISO) was studied.

Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 Prevents Anesthesia-Induced Dry Eye Syndrome.

Dry eye syndrome (DES) is an age-related condition increasingly detected in younger people of risk groups, including patients who underwent ocular surgery or long-term general anesthesia. Being a multifactorial disease, it is characterized by oxidative stress in the cornea and commonly complicated by ocular surface inflammation. Polyetiologic DES is responsive to SkQ1, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant suppressing age-related changes in the ocular tissues.