Publications by authors named "Sotaro Kayano"
Background: The JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial demonstrated improved overall survival (OS) with maintenance avelumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma UC (la/mUC) who achieved disease control following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (1 L-PBC). However, real-world data on eligibility, utilization, and outcomes of maintenance avelumab therapy remain limited.
Methods: This retrospective study included patients with la/mUC who received 1 L-PBC.
Background: Two randomized trials demonstrated that the survival benefits afforded by triplet therapy were greater than those of doublet therapy, thus changing the treatment paradigm for metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC). This is the first study to assess the real-world use, performance, and safety of triplet therapy in Japanese patients.
Methods: This retrospective multicenter study included 45 consecutive mCSPC patients who received triplet therapy composed of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), docetaxel, and darolutamide between January 2023 and June 2024.
Article Synopsis
- - A study investigated the treatment outcomes for patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC) after the approval of upfront androgen receptor signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) from 2018 to 2023.
- - Researchers analyzed data from 829 patients, finding that those treated with ARSIs alongside hormone therapy had better survival times and lower rates of resistance compared to those on combined hormone blockade (CAB).
- - Despite fewer serious side effects with CAB, the study suggests that ARSIs with hormone therapy should be the preferred first-line treatment due to their improved oncological outcomes.
Objectives: This study explored the impacts of peri-operative changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on the survival rate after radical nephroureterectomy.
Methods: This retrospective analysis included a multicentric cohort of patients diagnosed with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) who had undergone radical nephroureterectomy from 2012 to 2021. We assessed the preoperative NLR, postoperative NLR, delta-NLR (difference between postoperative and preoperative NLRs), and NLR change (ratio of postoperative to preoperative NLR).
Article Synopsis
- This study investigates the impact of age on outcomes for very elderly patients (85+) undergoing nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), utilizing data from 847 patients across various age groups.
- The results revealed that, while older patients experienced worse overall survival (OS), age was not a significant predictor of postoperative complications or cancer recurrence, suggesting surgical outcomes are largely consistent across ages.
- The findings support considering surgery for UTUC in fit patients aged 85 and older, highlighting that age alone should not deter treatment options.
Article Synopsis
- A systematic review showed that a specific histological variant of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) leads to worse outcomes compared to pure UTUC.
- This study examined 824 Japanese patients with UTUC to assess how variant histology impacts disease severity and patient survival after surgery.
- Results indicated that while variant histology was linked to worse recurrence and survival rates, its significance diminished when other factors were considered, suggesting it may not provide additional prognostic value in Japanese patients.
Objective: We aimed to assess the impact of the timing of urinary drainage on clinical outcomes in patients with obstructive pyelonephritis (OPN) associated with upper urinary tract (UUT) stones.
Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the multicenter dataset of 240 patients with OPN associated with UUT stones who underwent urinary drainage. We divided the patients into two groups depending on the timing of urinary drainage; emergency drainage, defined as within 12 h from admission, and delayed drainage, defined as between 12 and 48 h from admission.
Background: With the development of kidney-sparing surgery and neoadjuvant chemotherapy, ureteroscopic biopsy (URSBx) has become important for the management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 744 patients with UTUC who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), stratified into no ureteroscopy (URS), URS alone, and URSBx groups. Intravesical recurrence-free survival (IVRFS) was examined using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Article Synopsis
- * A study analyzed 895 patients who underwent nephroureterectomy for UTUC, categorizing them into two groups: those eligible for adjuvant immunotherapy and those not eligible, and evaluated their oncological outcomes through statistical models.
- * Findings indicated that the group eligible for adjuvant immunotherapy had poorer recurrence-free, cancer-specific, and overall survival rates, with pathological grades and lymphovascular invasion serving as significant risk factors for survival outcomes.
Objective: The population with pathological T3 (pT3) upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is heterogeneous, thereby making prognostication challenging. We assessed the clinical ramifications of subclassifying pT3 UTUC after nephroureterectomy.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis including 308 patients who underwent nephroureterectomy for pT3N0-1M0 UTUC.
Article Synopsis
- * Results showed that 37% of patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy experienced pathological downstaging, while those receiving adjuvant chemotherapy had significantly lower recurrence-free and cancer-specific survival rates.
- * The findings suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy may be a more effective treatment option for high-risk patients compared to adjuvant chemotherapy.
Metanephric adenoma is a rare benign renal epithelial tumor. We have experienced two cases of metanephric adenoma. The first case was a left renal tumor found by ultrasonography in a 26-year-old woman.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Although sentinel lymph node in prostate has been generating renewed interest, its significance remains controversial due to inadequate evidence.
Methods: We reviewed a prospective cohort of 50 consecutive patients with intermediate- to high-risk localized prostate cancer who had undergone laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Sentinel lymph node biopsy by fluorescence detection using intraoperative imaging with indocyanine green and backup extended pelvic lymph node dissection were conducted prior to prostatectomy.