[Autologous transfusion of drained blood in hip and knee alloplasty. A prospective controlled study of 56 patients].

Fifty-six patients undergoing hip or knee replacements were randomized to receive autologous drain-blood transfusion or homologous blood transfusion at postoperative need. A reinfusion of 65% of the postoperative drainage blood loss was achieved. The number of homologous blood transfusions fell concomitantly from 2.

Methionine for valine substitution in exon 17 of the insulin receptor gene in a pedigree with familial NIDDM.

INSR gene mutations have been described in multiple individuals with extreme insulin resistance, but the INSR gene has not been implicated in familial NIDDM. We previously have screened members of 18 familial NIDDM pedigrees for mutations in exons encoding the tyrosine kinase domain of the INSR gene (exons 13-21) by SSCP. That analysis initially detected only patterns consistent with silent polymorphisms, but on direct sequence analysis of exon 17 we detected a Met-for-Val substitution at position 985 in 1/18 pedigrees.

Autotransfusion of drainage blood in arthroplasty. A prospective, controlled study of 31 operations.

56 consecutive patients who had primary arthroplasties of the hip or the knee were randomly selected for either autologous or homologous blood transfusion. For autologous transfusion, the Solcotrans Orthopaedic device was used. Patients who received autologous transfusion had 65 percent of the post-operatively drained blood reinfused; compared to the control group the number of bank blood transfusions decreased in the hip group from 2.

[Bilateral symmetrical stress fracture of the ulna].

Good documentation is available concerning the prevalence, localisation and treatment of stress fractures. Stress fractures are much less common in the upper extremities than in the lower limbs. An unusual case of bilateral stress fractures in the ulnae in a patient aged 95 years is reported.

Distress in the relatives of psychiatric patients admitted for the first time.

Seventy-three relatives of psychiatric patients aged 18-49 years admitted for the first time from a well-defined catchment area were interviewed using the Social Behaviour Assessment Schedule to determine the distress elicited by the patients' illness. The patients were interviewed with the Present State Examination, 10th edition, development version. Regardless of sex and age, frequency of contact and relation to the patient, the relatives experienced distress from symptoms, lowered social performance and the adverse effects of the illness.

Linkage analysis of insulin-receptor gene in familial NIDDM.

Although non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is clearly inherited, the mode of inheritance and genetic etiology remain unknown. Impaired insulin action is an important component of NIDDM, which may precede NIDDM onset, and appears to be inherited. Numerous defects of the insulin-receptor gene have been described in syndromes of extreme insulin resistance, and this gene is a strong candidate for genetic predisposition to NIDDM.

Preoperative psychological testing with the MMPI at first operation for prolapsed lumbar disc. Five-year follow up.

Preoperative psychological evaluation was examined in relation to the five-year outcome after first ever lumbar discectomy. The investigation was started in 1985 with a preoperative test employing questionnaires on a group of 57 patients. The patients were re-examined four times: right after operation, at six months, at two years, and at five years.

Evaluation of community psychiatry: a cross-sectional study.

This study demonstrates a simple epidemiological method to evaluate the changes in service pattern for a defined catchment area after the establishment of a hospital-based community psychiatry service in Denmark. It measures the number of patients in contact with the service on 2 census days, before the new service was introduced and 3 years later, and deals with quantitative measures of sex, age, diagnosis and type of service contact. The services for 2 other areas are used as controls.

[Use of psychopharmaceuticals and commitment in psychiatric admissions of elderly patients with dementia].

Case records of 404 elderly patients (aged 65 years or more) who were admitted for the first time to the Psychiatric Hospital in Aarhus were investigated retrospectively. In 315 patients the diagnoses were senile dementia (290.09) and arteriosclerotic dementia (293.

[The admission and discharge patterns of patients with dementia in psychiatric hospitals].

This paper describes the admission and discharge pattern in a psychiatric hospital for 315 senile and arteriosclerotic demented patients (290.09, 293.09 ICD-8) aged 65 years and over and admitted for the first time.

Transplacental exposure to tobacco smoke in human-adduct formation in placenta and umbilical cord blood vessels.

Smokers are exposed to a large number of genotoxic compounds that react with DNA to form covalently bound carcinogen-DNA adducts after metabolic conversion to their biological active form. Using the P32-postlabeling techniques, tobacco smoke related carcinogen--DNA adducts have been demonstrated in DNA isolated from human placenta and umbilical cord vein and artery obtained from 11 nonsmoking and 8 smoking normal healthy women and foetuses. The adduct level was significantly higher in tissues from smokers than from nonsmokers (P = 0.

Genetic variation in insulin receptor beta-chain exons among members of familial type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic pedigrees.

Insulin resistance appears to be an essential component of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Both hyperinsulinaemia and insulin resistance are inherited and may precede the onset of Type 2 diabetes. To determine whether insulin receptor gene mutations, and specifically whether mutations of the beta-chain could account for the observed insulin resistance, we studied members of 16 pedigrees ascertained for two or more Type 2 diabetic siblings and members of four additional pedigrees ascertained for a mixture of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes.

[The needs of psychiatric patients for contact with social counselors and the needs of relatives for contact with the patient's psychiatrists].

Psychiatric patients admitted for the first time and aged 18-45 years were investigated concerning their need for contact with a social worker and their relatives' need for contact with the psychiatrist concerned. 54% had already had contact with a social worker but 21% had an unfulfilled need for contact with a social worker. Patients from social class V, in particular, required contact with social workers.

Cocaine and pregnancy: a challenge for health care providers.

There is an alarming increase in the number of individuals using cocaine in this country. As many as 10 percent of all pregnant women have used cocaine one or more times during their pregnancy. The rising number of pregnant cocaine abusers who present themselves for medical services is creating a challenge for health care practitioners.

[Living conditions and social needs of long-term psychiatric patients].

The purposes of this case-referent study were to investigate psychiatric long-term patients' social living conditions compared with these of the background population, their need of social support and to find a possible connection between these conditions and the patients' utilization of care. Our cases were 85 psychiatric long-term patients in Psychiatric Department, Horsens Sygehus, Denmark, interviewed in autumn 1987. Our control group was the population in the catchment area of the department.

[Long-term psychiatric patients at a district psychiatric department].

The purpose of the study was to describe the long-term patients in a psychiatric department conducted according to community psychiatric principles. A hundred and forty-one psychiatric long-term patients were found in the psychiatric department in Horsens Sygehus, Denmark, at a census on August 1, 1987. This corresponds to a prevalence proportion of 1.

In vivo microdialysis sampling coupled to liquid chromatography for the study of acetaminophen metabolism.

In vivo microdialysis sampling coupled to liquid chromatography is a powerful tool for the study of drug metabolism. This technique is illustrated by investigating the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen in the blood and liver of an anesthetized rat. The pharmacokinetics of the sulfate and glucuronide metabolites as well as the parent acetaminophen can be determined with high precision using microdialysis sampling.