Custo Direto do Tratamento do Acidente Vascular Cerebral Isquêmico na Perspectiva de um Hospital Público Terciário (Direct Cost of Treating Ischemic Stroke From the Perspective of a Tertiary Public Hospital).

Objectives: To measure the direct cost of treating acute ischemic stroke (IS) from the perspective of a public hospital in Brazil (HCFMB) and compare it with the reimbursement by the Unified Health System (SUS), through the Procedure Table Management System, Medicines, Orthoses/Prostheses and Special Materials of the Unified Health System (SIGTAP).

Methods: We performed a micro-costing study; four scenarios were evaluated: standard (1); alteplase (2); alteplase and mechanical thrombectomy (3); mechanical thrombectomy (4). Based on the number of patients hospitalized for ischemic stroke in 2019, hospital cost, and SUS billing were calculated for each scenario.

Posterior mitral leaflet cleft in nonobstructive hypertrophic cardiomiopathy.

A 43-year-old nigerian woman presented to cardiac intensive care unit for acute pulmonary edema with severe mitral regurgitation in a hypertrophic non obstructive cardiomyopathy for prevalent hypertrophy of posterior and lateral walls. A transesophageal echocardiography showed the isolated cleft of posterior mitral leaflet. In literature deep and multiple mitral valve clefts are described in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy undergoing septal myectomy, including possible true posterior clefts, but they are not associated with the premyectomy severity of mitral regurgitation or jet direction, and do not result in surgical MV intervention.

Factors associated with the evolution of COVID-19 in pregnant women: a Brazilian population-based study.

Objective: To assess the evolution of COVID-19 among Brazilian pregnant women, identifying sociodemographic and clinical predictors related to admission to ICU - Intensive Care Unit and death.

Method: Cross-sectional, population-based study, carried out with a secondary database, based on data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System. Descriptive analysis was performed, followed by multiple linear regression with Poisson response, adopting critical p < 0.

Oral squamous carcinoma cell lysates provoke exacerbated inflammatory response in gingival fibroblasts.

Objectives: To study whether damaged epithelial cells and gingival fibroblast could affect the expression of inflammatory cytokines in healthy cells.

Materials And Methods: Cell suspensions were submitted to different treatments to obtain the lysates: no treatment (supernatant control), sonication, and freeze/thawing. All treatments were centrifuged, and the supernatants of the lysates were used for experimentation.

Repeated Glutathione Sodium Salt Infusion May Counteract Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Occurrence in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary PCI: A Randomized Subgroup Analysis of the GSH 2014 Trial.

Background: Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is still a major concern for referring physicians, especially in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary-PCI (pPCI). To evaluate whether glutathione sodium salt (GSS) infusion impacts favorably on CA-AKI, an unplanned exploratory data analysis of the GSH 2014 trial was performed.

Methods: One hundred patients with STEMI were assigned at random to an experimental group (No.

The Combined Treatment of Glutathione Sodium Salt and Ascorbic Acid for Preventing Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary PCI: A Hypothesis to Be Validated.

The occurrence of Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury (CA-AKI) in patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) has a negative impact on the length of hospital stay and mortality. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) release, along with vasoconstriction and hypoperfusion, play a key role in its development. To date, there is still no validated prophylactic therapy for this disease.

Protective Biomolecular Mechanisms of Glutathione Sodium Salt in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.

Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury (IRI) is responsible for adverse outcomes in patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). Oxidative stress, resulting from the production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and low availability of Glutathione (GSH), are the two main mediators of IRI. The effectiveness of exogenous antioxidant therapy in this scenario is still debated, since the encouraging results obtained in animal models have not been fully reproduced in clinical studies.

Early and prolonged glutathione infusion favorably impacts length of hospital stay in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients: a subanalysis of the GSH2014 Trial.

Background: Developing strategies aimed to shorten the length of stay (LOS) in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a healthcare goal to be pursued. We carried out a subanalysis of the GSH 2014 Trial to assess the potentiality of glutathione sodium salt infusion to impact on LOS.

Methods: 100 consecutive patients with STEMI, aged more than 18 years and referred to the three enrolling centers for primary angioplasty (p-PCI), were asked to participate to the GSH 2014 Trial.

TGF-β Signalling Mediates the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Enamel Matrix Derivative In Vitro.

Enamel matrix derivative (EMD) prepared from extracted porcine fetal tooth material can support the regrow of periodontal tissues. Previous findings suggest that EMD has anti-inflammatory properties and TGF-β activity in vitro. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of EMD is mediated via TGF-β has not been considered.

Enhanced bone tissue regeneration with hydrogel-based scaffolds by embedding parathyroid hormone in mesoporous bioactive glass.

Objectives: To evaluate hydrogel-based scaffolds embedded with parathyroid hormone (PTH)-loaded mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) on the enhancement of bone tissue regeneration in vitro.

Materials And Methods: MBG was produced via sol-gel technique followed by PTH solution imbibition. PTH-loaded MBG was blended into the hydrogels and submitted to a lyophilisation process associated with a chemical crosslinking reaction to the production of the scaffolds.

Platelet-Rich Fibrin Reduces IL-1β Release from Macrophages Undergoing Pyroptosis.

Background: Pyroptosis is a catabolic process relevant to periodontal disorders for which interleukin-1β (IL-1β) inflammation is central to the pathophysiology of the disease. Despite platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) anti-inflammatory properties and its application to support periodontal regeneration, the capacity of PRF to modulate pyroptosis, specifically the production and release of IL-1β, remains unknown. The question arises whether PRF could regulate IL-1β release from macrophages in vitro.

Blocking of Caspases Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects on Periodontal Cells.

Periodontitis is an inflammatory process that is associated with caspase activity. Caspases could thus become molecular targets for the modulation of the inflammatory response to harmful factors, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and TNFα. Here, the impact of the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK (carbobenzoxy-valyl-alanyl-aspartyl-[O-methyl]-fluoro-methyl ketone) on the modulation of the LPS-induced inflammatory response of murine RAW 264.

Damaged Mesenchymal Cells Dampen the Inflammatory Response of Macrophages and the Formation of Osteoclasts.

Damage to mesenchymal cells occurs by dental implant drills as a consequence of shear forces and heat generation. However, how the damaged mesenchymal cells can affect the polarization of macrophages and their differentiation into osteoclastogenesis is not fully understood. To simulate cell damage, we exposed suspended ST2 murine bone marrow stromal cells to freeze/thawing or sonication cycles, followed by centrifugation.

Enamel Matrix Derivative Decreases Pyroptosis-Related Genes in Macrophages.

: Pyroptosis is a caspase-dependent catabolic process relevant to periodontal disorders for which inflammation is central to the pathophysiology of the disease. Although enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been applied to support periodontal regeneration, its capacity to modulate the expression of pyroptosis-related genes remains unknown. Considering EMD has anti-inflammatory properties and pyroptosis is linked to the activation of the inflammasome in chronic periodontitis, the question arises whether EMD could reduce pyroptosis signalling.

Progression of COVID-19 Among Black Pregnant Women: Population-Based Study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the evolution of COVID-19 related to race/skin color among Brazilian pregnant women registered on the Sistema de Informação de Vigilância da Gripe (SIVEP Gripe). This is a population-based study, based on the data from SIVEP Gripe, with data collected at two time points, August 2020 and February 2021. From the complete database (575,935 cases on August 8, 2020 and 1,048,576 cases on January 2, 2021), the weeks 13 to 32 (563,851 cases) and 33 to 53 (469,241 cases) were selected.

Heartwood of : 4,7,2'-Trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanol and 6,4'-Dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavane Reduce Cytokine and Chemokine Expression In Vitro.

has been widely used in traditional medicine because of its flavonoids; however, the impact of the flavonoids to modulate the inflammatory response to oral cells remains to be described. For this aim, we isolated 4,7,2'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavanol (472T4MIF) and 6,4'-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavane (64D7MF) from the heartwood of and confirmed the chemical structure by nuclear magnetic resonance. We show here that both flavonoids are inhibitors of an inflammatory response of murine RAW 264.

Pyroptosis-Mediated Periodontal Disease.

Pyroptosis is a caspase-dependent process relevant to the understanding of beneficial host responses and medical conditions for which inflammation is central to the pathophysiology of the disease. Pyroptosis has been recently suggested as one of the pathways of exacerbated inflammation of periodontal tissues. Hence, this focused review aims to discuss pyroptosis as a pathological mechanism in the cause of periodontitis.

Enhanced osteoinductive capacity of poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and biphasic ceramic scaffolds by embedding simvastatin.

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of embedding simvastatin (SIM) on the osteoinductive capacity of PLGA + HA/βTCP scaffolds in stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED).

Materials And Methods: Scaffolds were produced by PLGA solvent dissolution, addition of HA/βTCP, solvent evaporation, and leaching of sucrose particles to impart porosity. Biphasic ceramic particles (70% HA/30% βTCP) were added to the PLGA in a 1:1 (w:w) ratio.

Increasing the Thickness of the Collagen Xenogeneic Matrix Prevents Early Matrix Degradation and Improves the Proliferation, Adhesion, and Viability of Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Using autogenous grafts in mucogingival surgeries is related to postoperative morbidity and limited tissue availability, and thus xenogeneic matrices are increasingly used. This in vitro study evaluated the influence of xenogeneic collagen matrix thickness on cell adhesion, morphology, viability, proliferation, and matrix degradation. Matrices were divided into three groups: SLC: single layer of Lumina Coat, as commercially available (2-mm thickness); DLC: double layer of SLC (Lumina Coat); and MG: single layer of Mucograft, as commercially available (4-mm thickness).

Critical thinking in nursing training: evaluation in the area of competence Education in Health.

Objective: To analyze the constitution of critical thinking in nursing training in the approach by competence and the integrated curriculum, considering the evaluation process by capturing its challenges, and proposing overcoming strategies.

Methods: Qualitative. In the first phase of data collection, interviews were conducted with twenty-four professors, nine preceptors, and fifteen students to reconstruct the profile of competence, and in the second phase, a workshop to validate the profile identified challenges and proposals.

Three-dimensional bioactive hydrogel-based scaffolds for bone regeneration in implant dentistry.

Bone tissue requires a range of complex mechanisms to allow the restoration of its structure and function. Bone healing is a signaling cascade process, involving cells secreting cytokines, growth factors, and pro-inflammatory factors in the defect site that will, subsequently, recruit surrounding stem cells to migrate, proliferate, and differentiate into bone-forming cells. Bioactive functional scaffolds could be applied to improve the bone healing processes where the organism is not able to fully regenerate the lost tissue.