The use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for severe asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.

Introduction: To evaluate the effectiveness of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) versus standard therapy in severe asthma exacerbations through meta-analysis.

Methods: Nine randomized controlled trials (344 patients) were analyzed from inception to August 2024. Primary outcomes included respiratory rate, forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), and oxygen saturation (SpO2).

Perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion for postsurgical pain management in bariatric surgery patients.

Introduction: Obesity is one of the biggest modern health issues worldwide. Owing to the failure of both behavioral and pharmacological measures, the surgical approach has been established as the main conduct to follow, with bariatric surgery being one of the most effective and safe procedures. One of the bases for the optimal analgesic strategy is the use of adjuvants during the perioperative period.

Perioperative Rhabdomyolysis in Obese Individuals Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: Current Status.

One potential complication in bariatric surgery is rhabdomyolysis, which is a condition involving muscle tissue damage that can significantly impact a patient's health. The causes of rhabdomyolysis can be broadly classified into two major categories: traumatic and non-traumatic. Early investigations into the development of intraoperative rhabdomyolysis in bariatric surgery identified the main risk factors as tissue compression-primarily affecting the lower extremities, gluteal muscles, and lumbar region-as well as prolonged periods of immobilization.

Fenoldopam for Renal Protection in Cardiac Surgery: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Evolving Perspectives.

This comprehensive review examines the role of Fenoldopam, a selective dopamine-1 receptor agonist, in preventing and treating acute kidney injury (AKI) during cardiac surgery. AKI remains a significant complication in cardiac surgery, associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. The review explores Fenoldopam's pharmacological properties, mechanism of action, and clinical applications, synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and observational studies.

IS THERE A ROLE FOR BILIODIGESTIVE BYPASS SURGERY IN TREATING CHOLESTASIS IN ADVANCED PANCREATIC CANCER?

Background: The unresectable pancreatic head tumors develop obstructive jaundice and cholestasis during follow-up. Cholestasis is associated with complications and treatment options are endoscopic stenting (ES) and biliary bypass surgery (BBS).

Aims: The aim of the current study was to compare the safety and efficacy of biliary bypass surgery (BBS) and endoscopic stenting (ES) for cholestasis in advanced pancreas cancer.

Structural characterization of macro domain-containing Thoeris antiphage defense systems.

Thoeris defense systems protect bacteria from infection by phages via abortive infection. In these systems, ThsB proteins serve as sensors of infection and generate signaling nucleotides that activate ThsA effectors. Silent information regulator and SMF/DprA-LOG (SIR2-SLOG) containing ThsA effectors are activated by cyclic ADP-ribose (ADPR) isomers 2'cADPR and 3'cADPR, triggering abortive infection via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) depletion.

Re-Expansion Pulmonary Edema as a Life-Threatening Complication in Massive, Long-Standing Pneumothorax: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Re-expansion pulmonary edema is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication that can occur after the rapid re-expansion of a collapsed lung due to pneumothorax or pleural effusion. It has a multifactorial pathogenesis, and risk factors for re-expansion pulmonary edema, such as chronic lung collapse, rapid re-expansion, and changes in pulmonary vascular permeability, have been identified. Clinical manifestations vary, ranging from almost asymptomatic to a rapidly fatal condition, and its incidence may be more common and less fatal than previously believed.

Prevention of Delayed Graft Function in Kidney Transplant Recipients through a Continuous Infusion of the Prostaglandin Analogue Iloprost: A Single-Center Prospective Study.

Background: Delayed graft function (DGF) is common after kidney transplantation from deceased donors and may significantly affect post-transplant outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate whether an innovative approach, based on the administration of the intravenous prostaglandin analogue iloprost, could be beneficial in reducing the incidence of DGF occurring after kidney transplantation from deceased donors.

Methods: This prospective, randomized (1:1), placebo-controlled study enrolled all consecutive patients who received a kidney transplant from a deceased donor from January 2000 to December 2012 and who were treated in the peri-transplant period with the prostaglandin analogue iloprost at 0.

Feasibility and Colonoscopy Yield Using the Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening in a Latin America Country.

Background & Aims: Organized colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is not widely practiced in Latin America and the results of regional studies may help overcome barriers for implementation of national screening programs. We aimed to describe the implementation and findings of a fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based program in Brazil.

Methods: In a prospective population-based study, asymptomatic individuals (50-75 years old) from Sao Paulo city were invited to undergo FIT for CRC screening.

Follow-up short and long-term mortalities of tracheostomized critically ill patients in an Italian multi-center observational study.

The effects of tracheostomy on outcome as well as on intra or post-operative complications is yet to be defined. Admission of patients with tracheostomy to rehabilitation facility is at higher risk of suboptimal care and increased mortality. The aim of the study was to investigate ICU mortality, clinical outcome and quality of life up to 12 months after ICU discharge in tracheostomized critically ill patients.

Implementation of an organized colorectal cancer screening program through quantitative fecal immunochemical test followed by colonoscopy in an urban low-income community: Guidance and strategies.

Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT) followed by a colonoscopy is an efficacious strategy to improve the adenoma detection rate and Colorectal Cancer (CRC). There is no organized national screening program for CRC in Brazil. The aim of this research was to describe the implementation of an organized screening program for CRC through FIT followed by colonoscopy, in an urban low-income community of São Paulo city.

The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on videolaryngoscopy: a cross-sectional before-and-after survey.

Background: Guidelines and consensus statements recommend the use of videola-ryngoscopes (VLs) in airway management of patients with COVID-19. However, there is a lack of knowledge about which types of videolaryngoscopes are used, differences of use between countries, and how the COVID-19 pandemic influenced their use. The primary aim of this before-and-after cross-sectional survey study was to assess the frequency of the use of videolaryngoscopy in the operation theatres in different countries.

Aerosol boxes for airway management in coronavirus disease patients: a clinical retrospective study in Mexico.

Introduction: Significant concerns raise for the healthcare workers involved in airway management of patients diagnosed with coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19). Due to shortages of personal protective equipment (PPE), barrier enclosure systems such as aerosol box (AB) have been proposed worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience using AB as protective equipment in patients with COVID-19 in a third-level center in Mexico.

Efficacy and adverse events profile of videolaryngoscopy in critically ill patients: subanalysis of the INTUBE study.

Background: Tracheal intubation is a high-risk procedure in the critically ill, with increased intubation failure rates and a high risk of other adverse events. Videolaryngoscopy might improve intubation outcomes in this population, but evidence remains conflicting, and its impact on adverse event rates is debated.

Methods: This is a subanalysis of a large international prospective cohort of critically ill patients (INTUBE Study) performed from 1 October 2018 to 31 July 2019 and involving 197 sites from 29 countries across five continents.

TIR domain-associated nucleotides with functions in plant immunity and beyond.

TIR (Toll/interlukin-1 receptor) domains are found in archaea, bacteria and eukaryotes, featured in proteins generally associated with immune functions. In plants, they are found in a large group of NLRs (nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors), NLR-like proteins and TIR-only proteins. They are also present in effector proteins from phytopathogenic bacteria that are associated with suppression of host immunity.

Endobronchial Intubation With the King Vision and McGrath Laryngoscopes in Simulated Easy and Difficult Airways by Novices (eKingMath).

. The competency of using video laryngoscopes (VL) for double-lumen tube (DLT) endobronchial intubations can be improved with constant training as assessed by measuring the learning curves. We hypothesized that the time to DLT intubation would be reduced over the intubation attempts.

Radiologic Imaging of the In Vivo Position of the New Supraglottic Airway Device Spritztube in an Adult Patient-A Case Report.

Spritztube is a new supraglottic airway device that allows either extraglottic ventilation or orotracheal intubation with the same device. The aim of the present report is to provide the first radiologic images of the Spritztube in situ in a living human and to assess the depth of insertion and its anatomical relationships in vivo. We present the case of a 55-year-old man who was admitted to our centre to perform an interventional neuroradiological procedure.

Peri-operative management of neuromuscular blockade: A guideline from the European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care.

Recent data indicated a high incidence of inappropriate management of neuromuscular block, with a high rate of residual paralysis and relaxant-associated postoperative complications. These data are alarming in that the available neuromuscular monitoring, as well as myorelaxants and their antagonists basically allow well tolerated management of neuromuscular blockade. In this first European Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care (ESAIC) guideline on peri-operative management of neuromuscular block, we aim to present aggregated and evidence-based recommendations to assist clinicians provide best medical care and ensure patient safety.