On the Acceptance of "Fake" Histopathology: A Study on Frozen Sections Optimized with Deep Learning.

Background: The fast acquisition process of frozen sections allows surgeons to wait for histological findings during the interventions to base intrasurgical decisions on the outcome of the histology. Compared with paraffin sections, however, the quality of frozen sections is often strongly reduced, leading to a lower diagnostic accuracy. Deep neural networks are capable of modifying specific characteristics of digital histological images.

Galanin receptor 3 attenuates inflammation and influences the gut microbiota in an experimental murine colitis model.

The regulatory (neuro)peptide galanin and its three receptors (GALR) are involved in immunity and inflammation. Galanin alleviated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats. However, studies on the galanin receptors involved are lacking.

The clinical impact of DNA methylation frequencies of JAK2 negative regulators in patients with essential thrombocythemia.

Suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) and protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN) proteins are negative regulators of Janus Kinase 2 (JAK2). They are thought to be involved in the molecular pathogenesis of essential thrombocythaemia (ET) particularly in patients with unmutated JAK2. In this study we compared DNA methylation of SOCS1, SOCS3 and PTPN6 in peripheral blood cells between 39 ET patients (24 JAK2 V617F mutated) and 22 healthy controls by methylation specific PCR (MSP) and analysed the clinical outcome of patients with respect to DNA methylation.

Sentinel node mapping performed before preoperative chemotherapy may avoid axillary dissection in breast cancer patients with negative or micrometastatic sentinel nodes.

Background: Sentinel node (SN) biopsy after preoperative chemotherapy (PC) in breast cancer patients is associated with a lower identification rate (IR) and an increased false-negative rate (FNR) compared with SN biopsy in untreated patients. Our aims were to examine the feasibility of SN mapping before PC and the possibility to assess the lymph node status after chemotherapy through a follow-up lymphatic mapping.

Methods: SN biopsy was performed in 45 clinically node-negative breast cancer patients before PC.

Symmetrization reduction mammaplasty combined with sentinel node biopsy in patients operated for contralateral breast cancer.

Background And Objectives: Occult invasive cancer found in reduction mammaplasty specimen in the contralateral breast in breast cancer patients requires axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) to assess the lymph node status. Routine Sentinel node (SN) biopsy in these patients may avoid secondary ALND when an occult cancer is found and the SN is negative in the permanent histological examination.

Methods: One hundred sixty-nine breast cancer patients underwent contralateral reduction mammaplasty for symmetrization and with SN biopsy of the non-cancer breast.

[Subacute thyroiditis with cell destruction and temporary hyperthyroidism in Graves'disease--case report].

We present the case of a 60-year old woman with painful swelling of the thyroid gland and temporary thyrotoxicosis. 30 years ago she had experienced a period of hyperthyroidism because of Graves' disease. This time thyrotropin-receptor-antibodies were negative, Tc-99 m scan revealed decreased uptake in both lobes (this pattern normalised later on) and fine needle aspiration presented leucocyte infiltration of the thyroid.