Hyperkalemia and Dialysis in the Deployed Setting.

Acute kidney injury is a recognized complication of combat trauma. The complications associated with acute kidney injury, such as life-threatening hyperkalemia, are usually delayed in onset. In the recent conflicts, rapid evacuation of U.

In-theater peritoneal dialysis for combat-related renal failure.

Background: Complications of renal failure may prevent timely evacuation of injured soldiers. Conventional renal replacement therapy is not available in forward surgical units.

Methods: Records of in-theater improvised peritoneal dialysis (IPD) in level III hospitals or forward surgical units in Iraq or Afghanistan were reviewed to determine the following: cause of renal failure and associated injuries; type of dialysate, peritoneal access, and exchange technique; and patient outcome.