Underserved populations and health equity in dermatology: Digital medicine and the role of artificial intelligence.

We have reviewed the current literature focused on the role of artificial intelligence (AI) for underserved populations and health equity in dermatology. Studies evaluating the utility and safety of AI model builds, and how they meet predefined benchmarks, as well as the clinical applications of AI, including decision-support systems and operational management, were the focus of this study. The seven studies included in our review provide an approach that assures underserved populations are the focus when developing and testing AI technology.

Pathologic Upstaging of Cutaneous Melanoma After Mohs Micrographic Surgery.

Background: Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is used for melanoma in situ (MIS) and thin invasive melanomas, particularly on the head and neck, during which a debulk section is typically prepared. Tumor upstaging occurs if the debulking specimen meets criteria for an increased tumor (T) stage per the American Joint Committee on Cancer 8th edition compared with the initial biopsy. Upstaging can alter survival and recurrence outcomes, resulting in increased patient morbidity and mortality.

Earlobe Rejuvenation: A Review of Current Treatment Modalities.

Background: As one of the defining features of the face, the ear influences perceptions of beauty. Despite its significance, comparatively little is known about rejuvenation options for the ear.

Objective: To provide a comprehensive review of minimally invasive options for earlobe rejuvenation.

Navigating the Evolving Landscape of the Dermatologic Workforce.

As dermatologists endeavor to meet growing patient demand, novel care models are transforming how the field is practiced. Physician extenders-which include physicians not board certified in dermatology, physician assistants, and nurse practitioners-can play a pivotal role in bridging health care disparities and reducing health care expenditures. Nevertheless, while the dermatologic workforce is adapting to evolving public needs, patient safety must remain the key priority when negotiating changes in scope of practice.

Empowering Residents to Address Socioeconomic Disparities in Dermatology.

Vulnerable communities are in tremendous need of specialized dermatologic care. Through exposure to unique patient populations during medical school curricula and residency training, creation of partnerships with existing advocacy networks, and technological innovation, dermatology residents can harness their skill set to aid marginalized communities.

Prognostic implications of normal or minimal urinary findings on long-term renal impairment in adults with Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

Background: Renal involvement in adult Henoch-Schönlein purpura is a major cause of morbidity and can lead to significant long-term renal impairment. The prognostic significance of normal or minimal urinary abnormalities at diagnosis is unknown.

Objective: To assess the risk of long-term renal impairment in patients with Henoch-Schönlein purpura who present with normal or minimal urinary abnormalities.

New onset erythematous nodules in an elderly woman.

An 86-year- old woman with a history of recurrent bronchitis and giant cell arteritis presented for new onset, cyclic and migratory erythematous nodules associated with fatigue and weight loss. Although a systemic vasculitis was initially suspected, elevated inflammatory markers and symptoms persisted despite aggressive corticosteroid therapy. Excisional biopsy of one nodule showed dense suppurative and granulomatous inflammation that was rife with acid-fast bacilli.

Immune Privilege Collapse and Alopecia Development: Is Stress a Factor.

Hair is a defining mammalian feature that serves as a hallmark of human communication. Given the critical significance of hair in social, religious, and political contexts, it is important to understand factors that play a role in hair loss disorders. The hair follicle is an immune privileged site, and mounting evidence suggests that the collapse of immune privilege contributes to the pathogenesis of autoimmune hair loss disorders, including alopecia areata and lichen planopilaris.

Smear Campaign: Misattribution of Pancytopenia to a Tick-Borne Illness.

We report the case of a 51-year-old woman presenting with a targetoid rash and pancytopenia after a tick bite. Initial evaluation was notable for severe neutropenia on the complete blood cell count differential, a positive Lyme IgM antibody, and a peripheral blood smear demonstrating atypical lymphocytes. While her pancytopenia was initially attributed to tick-borne illness, peripheral flow cytometry showed 7% myeloblasts, and a bone marrow biopsy confirmed 60% blasts.

Mutation of neuron-specific chromatin remodeling subunit BAF53b: rescue of plasticity and memory by manipulating actin remodeling.

Recent human exome-sequencing studies have implicated polymorphic Brg1-associated factor (BAF) complexes (mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes) in several intellectual disabilities and cognitive disorders, including autism. However, it remains unclear how mutations in BAF complexes result in impaired cognitive function. Post-mitotic neurons express a neuron-specific assembly, nBAF, characterized by the neuron-specific subunit BAF53b.

The neuron-specific chromatin regulatory subunit BAF53b is necessary for synaptic plasticity and memory.

Recent exome sequencing studies have implicated polymorphic Brg1-associated factor (BAF) complexes (mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes) in several human intellectual disabilities and cognitive disorders. However, it is currently unknown how mutations in BAF complexes result in impaired cognitive function. Postmitotic neurons express a neuron-specific assembly, nBAF, characterized by the neuron-specific subunit BAF53b.