Prevalence and risk factors of perirenal hyperintensities on T2-weighted MR imaging.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and severity of perirenal hyperintensities (PRHs) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and their risk factors in the general population.

Methods: 1752 participants (910 women, 842 men, median age: 52 years) of the Study of Health in Pomerania were included. A visual classification system was established to assess the severity of PRHs (stage 0: no PRHs visible to stage 3: extensive PRHs visible).

Enantioselective synthesis of aryl sulfoxides via palladium-catalyzed arylation of sulfenate anions.

Arylation of various sulfenate anions generated from beta-sulfinyl esters by retro-Michael reaction in the presence of palladium(0) and enantiopure ligands gave the corresponding aryl sulfoxides in enantio-enriched form. The Josiphos-type ligand (R)-(S)-PPF-t-Bu2 turned out to be the best ligand tested, allowing ee's up to 83% in a predictable sense.

Aryl sulfoxides via palladium-catalyzed arylation of sulfenate anions.

[Structure: see text] Palladium-catalyzed arylation of sulfenate anions generated from beta-sulfinyl esters can take place under biphasic conditions. This hitherto unknown reaction provides a simple, mild, and efficient route to aryl sulfoxides in good yields. The development of a new pseudo-domino type I procedure involving a sulfinylation followed by a Mirozoki-Heck coupling is also described.