Assessment of SOX10 expression in 437 canine neoplasms of different embryologic origins.

Several members of the SRY-related HMG-box (SOX) protein family are implicated in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and regulation of the tumor microenvironment. SOX10, which is involved in neural crest cell migration and differentiation, has long been recognized a sensitive and specific immunohistochemical (IHC) marker in the diagnosis of melanoma in humans. However, expression of SOX10 in other tumor types has infrequently been evaluated in humans until recently and has not been thoroughly investigated in the dog.

Spontaneous Pituitary Neoplasm in Two Female Geriatric Southern Giant Pouched Rats ().

Southern giant pouched rats () are a small muroid species native to the sub-Saharan Africa. Their exceptionally developed olfactory system, trainability, and relatively small size makes them useful working animals for various applications in humanitarian work. At our institution, a breeding colony of Southern giant pouched rats is maintained to study their physiology and utility as scent detectors.

Combining ultrasound radiomics, complete blood count, and serum biochemical biomarkers for diagnosing intestinal disorders in cats using machine learning.

This retrospective analytical observational cohort study aimed to model and predict the classification of feline intestinal diseases from segmentations of a transverse section from small intestine ultrasound (US) image, complete blood count (CBC), and serum biochemical profile data using a variety of machine-learning approaches. In 149 cats from three institutions, images were obtained from cats with biopsy-confirmed small cell epitheliotropic lymphoma (lymphoma), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), no pathology ("healthy"), and other conditions (warrant a biopsy for further diagnosis). CBC, blood serum chemistry, small intestinal ultrasound, and small intestinal biopsy were obtained within a 2-week interval.

Bulging after DIEP Breast Reconstruction: New Insights Concerning Rectus Diastasis and Medial Perforator Harvest.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between flap harvest technique and occurrence of abdominal bulging.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 159 patients undergoing DIEP flap breast reconstruction between 2014 and 2021 in the University Medical Center Utrecht was conducted. Outcomes measured were preoperative rectus diastasis, flap weight, laterality of flap harvest (unilateral or bilateral), timing of the harvest (immediate or delayed), number of perforators harvested (single or multiple), and location of the harvested perforator (medial, lateral, or both).

Delayed puberty, gonadotropin abnormalities and subfertility in male Padi2/Padi4 double knockout mice.

Background: Peptidylarginine deiminase enzymes (PADs) convert arginine residues to citrulline in a process called citrullination or deimination. Recently, two PADs, PAD2 and PAD4, have been linked to hormone signaling in vitro and the goal of this study was to test for links between PAD2/PAD4 and hormone signaling in vivo.

Methods: Preliminary analysis of Padi2 and Padi4 single knockout (SKO) mice did not find any overt reproductive defects and we predicted that this was likely due to genetic compensation.

Comparison of anti-Müllerian hormone and inhibin immunolabeling in canine and equine granulosa cell tumors.

Granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are common ovarian neoplasms in the mare and bitch that can be challenging to diagnose on histopathology. Inhibin has long been the standard immunohistochemical (IHC) marker for GCTs; however, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has not been evaluated widely as an IHC marker in the bitch and mare. We compared the efficacy of AMH and inhibin as IHC markers in canine and equine GCTs.

Evaluation of the Use of Single- and Multi-Magnification Convolutional Neural Networks for the Determination and Quantitation of Lesions in Nonclinical Pathology Studies.

Digital pathology platforms with integrated artificial intelligence have the potential to increase the efficiency of the nonclinical pathologist's workflow through screening and prioritizing slides with lesions and highlighting areas with specific lesions for review. Herein, we describe the comparison of various single- and multi-magnification convolutional neural network (CNN) architectures to accelerate the detection of lesions in tissues. Different models were evaluated for defining performance characteristics and efficiency in accurately identifying lesions in 5 key rat organs (liver, kidney, heart, lung, and brain).

An Angiomyomatous Hamartoma With Features of Vascular Transformation of Sinuses in the Mediastinal Lymph Node of a Beagle Dog.

Two similar benign, nonneoplastic vascular lesions have been described in the lymph nodes of humans and animals: angiomyomatous hamartoma (AMH), which is characterized by the replacement of lymphoid tissue by blood vessels, smooth muscle, and fibrous tissue, and vascular transformation of sinuses (VTS), which is considered a reactive transformation of lymph node sinuses into capillary-like vascular channels. We hereby report a lesion with features common to both lesions in the mediastinal lymph nodes of a 1-year-old beagle dog in a 1-month toxicity study. Grossly, enlargement and red discoloration were observed, while microscopically, the lesion was characterized by effacement of the lymph node parenchyma with replacement by mature blood vessels, smooth muscle, and fibrous tissue, associated with lymphoid atrophy, which is consistent with AMH.

Unusual Incidence and Location of Renaut Bodies in Beagle Dogs in a Nonclinical Study.

We identified the presence of Renaut bodies in an unusual location in Beagle dogs on a 3-month nonclinical toxicity study. These peculiar structures are commonly reported as a background finding in the sciatic nerve of dogs. In our study, however, they were also observed in autonomic nerves surrounding the adrenal gland, a location in which they have not been reported before.