Contrasting walking styles map to discrete neural substrates in the mouse brainstem.

Walking is a slow gait which is particularly adaptable to meet internal or external needs and is prone to maladaptive alterations that lead to gait disorders. Alterations can affect speed, but also style (the way one walks). While slowed speed may signify the presence of a problem, style represents the hallmark essential for clinical classification of gait disorders.

Correlation between cord insertion type and chorionic villus vascularization of the co-twin in diamniotic-monochorionic twin pregnancies.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that cord insertion type of one twin correlates with chorionic plate vascularization of the monochorionic co-twin. Specifically, for twins with paracentral cords, chorionic plate vascularization is significantly greater when the co-twin has a velamentous, rather than paracentral cord insertion.

Aims: To determine whether this correlation between cord insertion type and vascularization of the co-twin also extends to the deeper chorionic villus tree.

Arias-Stella reaction of the cervix: The enduring diagnostic challenge.

Background: The Arias-Stella reaction is a hormone-related atypical endometrial change characterized by hypertrophy and vacuolization of glandular epithelial cells, associated with marked nuclear pleomorphism, enlargement, and hyperchromasia. When presenting in extra-uterine sites, the differentiation of Arias-Stella changes from other more ominous clear cell lesions may pose significant difficulties.

Case Report: We report a case of an endocervical clear cell lesion incidentally discovered during a prenatal visit of a young pregnant woman.